Adrenal cortex regeneration in ethane dimethanesulfonate administered rat model

Aim: To investigate the parallel morphological and biochemical regeneration of Leydig cells in the adrenal gland after ethane dimethanesulfonate (EDS) administration. Materials and methods: We divided 72 male rats into two groups: the control and EDS groups. Rats in the EDS group received a single dose of EDS (75 mg/kg) intraperitoneally and were sacrificed on days 7, 21, 35, and 63 respectively. Adrenal gland tissue samples obtained from the sacrificed rats were analyzed under light microscopic, immunohistochemical, biochemical, and quantitative methods. Results: In contrast to Caspase-3 expression, 3βHSD and Ki67 expression and thickness of the zona reticularis (ZR) layer and testosterone levels significantly decreased on the 7th, 21st, and 35th days after single-dose EDS. However, 3βHSD and Ki67 expression, testosterone levels, and the ratio of ZR thickness of the EDS group were seen similar to the control group on the 63rd day following EDS administration, but experienced decreasing Caspase-3 expression. After EDS administration, we observed a significant regeneration in the ZR layer of the adrenal gland on the 63rd day. Conclusion: EDS-injected animal models can be used to investigate the development of Leydig cells and assess the turnover of the adrenal cortex (adrenal insufficiency) per time

Synthesis of Graphene on Gold

Here we report chemical vapor deposition of graphene on gold surface at ambient pressure. We studied effects of the growth temperature, pressure and cooling process on the grown graphene layers. The Raman spectroscopy of the samples reveals the essential properties of the graphene grown on gold surface. In order to characterize the electrical properties of the grown graphene layers, we have transferred them on insulating substrates and fabricated field effect transistors. Owing to distinctive properties of gold, the ability to grow graphene layers on gold surface could open new applications of graphene in electrochemistry and spectroscopy.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure

The effect of erythropoietin on healing of obstructive vs nonobstructive left colonic anastomosis: an experimental study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Anastomotic leakage is an important problem following primary resection in the left colon and is even more prominent when obstruction is present. We aimed to evaluate the possible effects of erythropoietin on the healing of anastomosis under both obstructive and non-obstructive states.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Forty male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups. In group I, two cm left colonic resection and primary anastomosis were done. In group II, left colon were completely ligated and 24 hours later animals were re-operated for segmental resection. The same procedures were performed for rats in group III and IV in respect to group I and II and, 500 IU/kg a day erythropoietin were given in the latter two groups for seven days. For the quantative description of anastomotic healing mechanical, biochemical and histopathological parameters were employed on the seventh day and the animals were sacrificied.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Although erythropoietin had positive effects on bursting pressure in group IV when compared to group II, it has no effect in group III. Despite the increased tissue hydroxyproline levels in group IV, erythropoietin failed to show any effects in group III.</p> <p>Erythropoietin had positive effects on neovascularization, fibroblast proliferiation and storage of collagen in group IV.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We failed to find any direct and evident effects of erythropoietin on healing of left colonic anastomosis. On the other hand, erythropoietin might prevent negative effects of obstruction on healing.</p

Farklı tipteki aljinat dental ölçü maddelerinin sitotoksisite yönünden değerlendirilmesi

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the cytotoxicity of different types of alginate impression materials. Material and Method: Cavex CA37, A3KROM, ALGINPLUS FAST ve ORALGHINE alginate impression materials were used. According to the manufacturer’s instructions, alginates were mixed with serum physiological to obtain alginate specimens. Specimens were performed in sterile with ethylene oxide gas and then placed on to the L929 fibroblast cell culture. According to the 1999 ISO 10993-5 protochols, cytotoxicity were determined by means of agar overley test. Results: According to the lisis of the cells, ORALGH&lt;NE and Cavex CA37; 4-4-4-5-5, ALGINPLUS and A3KROM; 2-3-3-3-2 were determined. Values of the cytotoxicity were determined 4,4 for ORALGH&lt;NE and Cavex CA37, whereas 2,6 for ALGINPLUS and A3KROM. Conclusion: Cytotoxicity degree of the alginates were different because of the composition of the alginates. It was determined that ORALGHINE and Cavex CA37 were severely cytotoxic, ALGINPLUS and A3KROM were moderately cytotoxic. ÖZET Amaç: Bu in vitro çalışmanın amacı, farklı tipteki aljinat ölçü maddelerini sitotoksisite yönünden değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Farklı tipteki dört aljinat, Cavex CA37, A3KROM, ALGINPLUS FAST ve ORALGHINE, üretici firmaların talimatlar doğrultusunda belirtilen oranlarda, serum fizyolojik ile karıştırılarak aljinat numuneleri hazırlandı. Hazırlanan numuneler etilen oksit gazıyla steril edildi ve L929 fibroblast hücre serisi kullanılarak elde edilen kültüre yerleştirildi. Agar overley testi kullanılarak sitotoksisitenin belirlenmesinde ISO 1999 yıl 10993-5 numaral protokolü takip edildi. Bulgular: Hücrelerin lizis miktarına göre yapılan puanlama değerleri ORALGHINE ve Cavex CA37 için; 4-4-4-5-5, ALGINPLUS ve A3KROM için; 2-3-3-3-2 olarak tespit edildi. Sitotoksisite değerleri de ORALGHINE ve Cavex CA37 için 4.4, ALGINPLUS ve A3KROM için ise 2.6 olarak bulundu. Sonuçlar: İçerik farklılığına bağlı olarak aljinatlarn sitotoksisite değerleri farklılık göstermiştir. ORALGHINE ve Cavex CA37’nin belirgin derecede sitotoksik olduğu, ALGINPLUS ve A3KROM’ un ise makul derecede sitotoksik olduğu belirlendi. Anahtar kelimeler: Sitotoksisite, aljinat

Farklı En Boy Oranlarına Sahip Dikdörtgensel Prizmatik Cisimler Etrafındaki Akış Yapısının Deneysel Olarak İncelenmesi

Bu çalışmada, farklı en/boy oranlarına sahip dikdörtgenler prizması şeklindeki küt cisimler etrafındaki akış yapısı “parçacık görüntülemeli hız ölçüm tekniği” (PIV) ile deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada farklı en/boy oranlarında yatay kare prizma, küp, dik kare prizma şeklinde (sırasıyla H/L=0.5, H/L=1, H/L=2) akrilik malzemeden üretilmiş dikdörtgenler prizması şeklinde geometriler kullanılmıştır. PIV tekniği kullanılarak anlık olarak elde edilen hız vektörleri ile anlık girdap, akım çizgisi gibi bileşenler hesaplanmış, elde edilen verilere göre zaman ortalama hız değerleri, girdaplık değerleri, akım çizgileri ve hız profilleri belirlenmiştir. Deneylerde model boyutları, akış hızı, akışkanın yoğunluğu ve viskozitesi gibi parametrelere bağlı olarak Re sayısı 26000 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, incelenen geometrilerin sol üst köşesinde başlayan ve x ekseni boyunca uzanan bir hızlanma bölgesinin oluştuğu ve akış yönündeki hızın maksimum olduğu noktaların bu bölgede olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Dik olarak yerleştirilen H/L=2 (dik) prizmanın, diğer prizmalara göre (H/L=1 kübik ve H/L=0.5 yatay) geometri arkasında oluşan ölü alan bölgesini (≌ 2L) arttırdığı tespit edilmiştir