A Study of Microbiological Profile in patients with Acute Pyelonephritis in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Nandyal

Background : Acute pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that affects the renal parenchyma that can be life-threatening and often leads to renal scarring. It usually ascended from the lower urinary tract, and also reach the kidney via the bloodstream. Early diagnosis and management of acute pyelonephritis have a better impact on patient outcomes. Acute pyelonephritis is one of the severe conditions with high mortality and morbidity. It represents the most severe form of urinary tract infection. Acute pyelonephritis is the most common cause of communityonset bacteremia in elderly patients1. Aim: To study the microbiological profile in patients with acute pyelonephritis admitted in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: A Hospital-based Prospective study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Santhiram medical college & general hospital for a 2 year period.Universal Sampling Technique was used for the selection of study subjects.The study population included patients admitted with fever, flank pain, and positive urine or blood cultures in the department of general medicine in Santhiram medical college and general hospital.The final sample size was 50 subjects. Results: In the present study, 50 participants were selected as the study population. The mean age of the study population was 57.48 ± 11.21. The majority of participants (70%) were distributed in a 50 to 69-year age group. Majority of participants were females (60%) and males (40%).In the current study among participants, in the current study, urine culture was positive in 29 patients (58%) of the study population. In 29(58%) of the subjects who had a culture-positive infection, the most predominant infectious agent in the present study group was Escherichia. coli and was reported in 22 (44%) of the study subjects. Other causative organisms include, Klebsiella pneumonia was reported in 2(4%) subjects. Candida albicans, Citrobacter, Enterococcus faecalis, and Pseudomonas were isolated in 1 (2%) subject each. One subject had a dual infection with Escherichia coli and Candida.In current study, among the 29 culture isolates, none of them were resistant to Cefperazone plus Sulbactum or Piperacillin plus tazobactam. The highest proportion of resistance was reported for Ampicillin as 82.1% of isolates were resistant. Levofloxacin resistance was found in 67.9% of isolates. Gentamicin and Amikacin resistance was found 17.86% and 3.6% of the isolates. Nitrofurantoin resistance was found in 2 (7.1%) of isolates. Conclusion: The mean age of the study population was 57.480 ± 11.2072 years in the study population, and there was a slight female preponderance in the occurrence of APN.The majority of participants (78%) were distributed ina 50 to 69-year age group.Diabetes, hypertension, ureteric calculus, and past history of UTI were the common risk factors identified in the study population.In.More than half (58%) of the study population had a culture-positiveinfection.TheThe most common organism isolated in the study population was E.Coli, responsible for 44% of the cases. None of them were resistant to Cefoperazone plus Sulbactum or Piperacillin plus tazobactam. The other antimicrobials, which have not shown any resistance, were Meropenem and Colistin.The highest proportion of resistance was reported for Ampicillin in 82.1%, followed by Levofloxacin in 67.9% of isolates. ICU admission rate was higher in culture-positive cases (63.6%), as compared to culture-negative cases (36.4%)None of the study subjects had hospital mortalit

Filmmaking as part of education a stimulating and creative engagement

Like most who have been to school, I felt I was assimilating so much of information every second that the word cramming seemed appropriate! What was troubling was not just the high intake, but not being able to express what ‘I’ thought, felt or understood

Misinterpreted Orthodontic Procedure leading on to depression

BACKGROUND: Oral health is an important issue that affects not only the teeth and mouth but also general health, appearance, and self-esteem. Risk of having infections including poor oral health and periodontal infections are the most proposed mechanisms of action of depression and anxiety on the human body by modification of the immune system function and increasing pro-inflammatory cytokines and induction of vascular inflammation. It is proposed that these two conditions can cause oral and dental problems since emotional changes can influence oral mucosa. Several researches have also shown a relationship between anxiety or depression and periodontal health. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 24-year-old female with multiple episodes of depression and anxiety due to anticipated pain of dental procedures and myths about dentures. CONCLUSIONS: This case report emphasizes on the need for interaction between psychiatry and dental sciences. Assessing possible evolution of psychiatric conditions in people undergoing dental procedures and assessing oral health in psychiatric patients

Developing neural network applications using LabVIEW

The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file.Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (July 14, 2006).Includes bibliographical references.Thesis (M.S.) University of Missouri-Columbia 2005.Dissertations, Academic -- University of Missouri--Columbia -- Electrical engineering.Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) have gained tremendous popularity over the last few decades. They are considered as substitutes for classical techniques which have been followed for many years. Many neural network architectures and training algorithms have been developed so far. Different aspects of ANN such as efficiency, speed, accuracy, dependability and the like have been studied extensively. Many approaches have been suggested to improve the performance of neural nets. In this thesis, a new approach has been proposed to build neural net architectures. LabVIEW is graphical programming software developed by National Instruments. Using LabVIEW, an Application Development Environment (ADE), ready-made Virtual Instruments (VI) can be developed for various applications. This thesis concentrates on a LabVIEW approach to build various neural net structures. The learning algorithms used to train these neural nets also vary according to the requirements and application. Multi-layer feed-forward NN, Radial Basis Function NN, Principal Component NN, and Self- Organizing feature maps have been used as tools to develop applications such as pattern classification, image compression and plant modeling in a LabVIEW environment

Role of dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty for long anterior urethral strictures

Background: Treatment of the urethral strictures is challenging and with appropriate evaluation preoperatively and surgery planning it is possible to achieve good results. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty in treating long anterior urethral strictures.Methods: Between August 2018 to July 2019 a total of 25 patients with anterior urethral stricture were treated with dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty. Age, etiology of the stricture, stricture length (≤ 7 cm, and > 7 cm), and site of the stricture were assessed as the factors affecting the success rate.Results: The clinical outcome as Success was defined as the patient not needing any form of urethral instrumentation postoperatively. The mean follow-up period was 18 months. Of 25 patients, 22 (92%) were successful and 3 (8%) were a failure. There was no statistically significant difference between the age groups, etiology of the stricture and success rate (p=0.21 and p=0.444). The statistical difference was significant for the site and length of the stricture by means of success (p=0.005 and p=0.025).Conclusions: Our results show stricture length and localization are the most important variables for good success. Because of less failure rate, single-stage dorsal onlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty may be offered as an alternative to staged urethroplasty in case of long urethral strictures.

Study on Coastal Area Pollution by Anthropogenic Activities Along The Krishna – Eastern Delta

Krishna Delta is located towards 90 km southeast of Vijayawada and 50 km to the south of Machilipatnam. Krishna Eastern delta area receives large quantities of pollution due to Seawater intrusion which directly affects coastal groundwater. Another main cause of pollution is due to excessive use of pesticides, discharging of chemicals and other anthropogenic pollutants from nearby households, aqua cultures .The quality of water is getting deteriorated due to unscientific waste disposal and unethical manmade activities. The waste disposal around the water bodies may damage the groundwater aquifers and physio-chemical properties of water. By testing the Surface waters, underground waters and comparing their properties with Drinking standards of water , we can know the extent of pollution caused in the coastal areas and suggest possible remedial measures

Feasibility and acceptability of Pheezee Tm: a mobile phone based Wearable prognostic device for physical rehabilitation

Measuring Range of Motion and muscle activity during therapy is crucial to set remedial goals for patients to achieve and recover during the continuum of care for persons with physical disabilities. However, standard techniques and tools are neither part of initial assessments nor the final discharge evaluation in the context of physical rehabilitation in most of the low and middle-income countries (LMICs). This context warrants development of innovative strategies to establish therapeutic practice standards especially in terms of assessment of physical impairments such as limited ROM and muscle activity

Formulation and Evaluation of Cephalexin Extended Release Matrix Tablets Using 32 Factorial Design

The aim of the present investigation was to prepare extended release film coated matrix tablets of cephalexin using binary mixture of two grades of hydrophilic polymer, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), by direct compression method. Results of the preliminary trials indicated that the polymers used have significant release retarding effect on the formulation. To study the effect of concentration of polymers on drug release from matrix tablets, 32 full factorial design was applied. The concentration of HPMC K15M and HPMC 15cps were used as independent variables, while percentage drug release was selected as dependent variable. The dissolution data were fitted into zero-order, first-order, Higuchi and Korsemeyer–Peppas models to identify the pharmacokinetics and mechanism of drug release. Comparative study of dissolution profile of final batch F3 with market preparation (Sporidex AF 375) was done by similarity factor (f2) determination and it was concluded that final formulation F3 (10% HPMC K15M, 17.5% HPMC 15cps) shows good similarity with the market product. The results of the accelerated stability study of final formulation F3 for 1 month revealed that storage conditions were not found to have made any significant changes in final formulation F3. The release of cephalexin was prolonged for 6 h by using polymer combinations of HPMC and a twice daily matrix tablet was formulated