ケララコンダーライト帯における高度変成岩の岩石学的・年代学的研究 : 部分溶融過程およびその熱源への寄与

博士(理学)大阪市立大

The impact of capital structure on Islamic Finance Development Indicador (IFDI): A cross-country analysis

The aim of this paper is to examine the effect of the capital structure on the financial development of Islamic banks. To measure Islamic financial development, we use the country-level Refinitiv Islamic Finance Development Indicator® (IFDI) during the years 2014 to 2019. The global or combined IFDI score is made up of five performance dimensions that are considered by Islamic investors: Quantitative Development, Governance, Corporate Social Responsibility, Awareness and Knowledge. Using a sample of 105 banks, covering banking systems in 19 Muslim-majority countries, the study uses a Two-Stage least squares (2SLS) regression to examine the banks\u27 financial development determinants to control IFDI\u27s reverse causality for capital structure. Aftercontrolling the macroeconomic environment, financial market structure and taxation, the results indicate that the development of banks responds positively to an increase in equity (capital ratio). The result is consistent with the signaling theory, which predicts that the best performing banks will reliably transmit this information through higher capital. The non-monotonic relationship found between financial development on shareholders \u27equity and banks\u27 capital ratios suggests that issues of shares with low capital ratios (less than 48.42%) are expensive and have a negative effect on their equity indicator. development.On the other hand, well-capitalized bank managers are advised to trust equity when faced with the decision to raise capital, as the capital ratio begins to positively affect their financial development. This study aimed to fill the gap between the capital structure of Islamic banks and their relationship with a five-dimensional indicator. Future research, however, could confront the capital structure of banks with their profitability or profitability (conventional measures and used by Western banks), as well as analyze the effect of each of the dimensions that make up the IFDI, by bank or by country on decision of their structures

Tetra-μ-2,5-difluoro­benzoato-bis­[(2,2′-bipyridine)(2,5-difluoro­benzoato)gadolinium(III)]

In the centrosymmetric title compound, [Gd2(C7H3F2O2)6(C10H8N2)2], the asymmetric unit comprises one cation chelated by two 2,5-difluoro­benzoate and one 2,2′-bipyridine. Two cations are linked into dimers via three bridging carboxyl­ate groups from three 2,5-difluoro­benzoic acid units. The GdIII ion is nine-coord­inated by seven O atoms and two N atoms

Tetra­aqua­bis[(1-carboxyl­atomethyl-1,3-benzimidazol-3-ium-3-yl)acetato-κO]palladium(II) dihydrate

In the title compound, [Pd(C11H9N2O4)2(H2O)4]·2H2O, the palladium(II) cation lies on an inversion centre and is hexa­coordinated by two carboxyl­ate O atoms from two (1-carboxyl­atomethyl-1,3-benzimidazol-3-ium-3-yl)acetate ligands and four water mol­ecules, with a slightly distorted octa­hedral geometry. O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules together

Solvolyses of diarylmethyl chlorides. A comprehensive stability scale for diarylcarbenium ions

Eleven donor substituted diarylmethyl chlorides have been solvolyzed in ethanol. The rate constants, determined at 25°C, and additional ethanolysis data taken from the literature have been connected with solvolvsis rate constants, determined in other solvents, to construct a stability scale for 74 diarylcarbenium ions, covering a rate range of> 1012. Correlation equations are given which allow the calculation of solvolysis rates in other solvents, of equilibrium constants, and of rate constants for reactions involving diarylcarbenium ions

catena-Poly[[aqua­{4-[N′-(2,4-dioxo-3-pentyl­idene)­hydrazino]­benzoato}­copper(II)]-μ-acetato]

In the title compound, [Cu(CH3CO2)(C12H11N2O4)(H2O)]n, the CuII cation is tetra­coordinated by three carboxyl­ate O atoms from one 4-[N′-(2,4-dioxo-3-pentyl­idene)­hydrazino]­benzoate ligand and two acetate bridges, and by one water mol­ecule. The acetate bridges link adjacent CuII cations, forming a chain. The crystal structure involves O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Tetra­kis(μ-2,4-difluoro­benzoato)bis­[(2,4-difluoro­benzoato)(1,10-phenanthroline)gadolinium(III)]

In the title compound, [Gd2(C7H3F2O2)6(C12H8N2)2], the asymmetric unit comprises one Gd3+ cation chelated by two 2,4-difluoro­benzoate and one 1,10-phenanthroline ligands. Two cations are linked into a centrosymmetric dimer via three bridging carboxyl­ate groups of 2,4-difluoro­benzoate ligands. Each Gd3+ ion is nine-coordinated by seven O atoms and two N atoms

Bis(ethano­lato-κO)(5,10,15,20-tetra­phenyl­calix[4]pyrrole)manganese(III) hexa­fluoro­phosphate

The title compound, [Mn(C2H5O)2(C44H28N4)]PF6, was synthesized from manganese(III) 2,4-penta­nedionate and 5,10,15,20-tetra­phenyl­calix[4]pyrrole by a hydro­thermal reaction. The MnIII atom is located on an inversion centre and the asymmetric unit comprises one half-formula unit. The MnIII ion is hexa­coordinated by four N atoms from one 5,10,15,20-tetra­phenyl­calix[4]pyrrole ligand and two O atoms from two deprotonated ethanol mol­ecules. The equatorially located atoms (the Mn and four N atoms) are planar. The dihedral angles between the planes of the phenyl rings and the equatorial plane are 53.3 (2) and 81.8 (2)°. One hexa­fluoro­phosphate anion balances the charge

Tris[2-(propyl­imino­meth­yl)phenolato-κ2 N,O]cobalt(III)

The title compound, [Co(C10H12NO)3], was synthesized from cobalt(III) fluoride and 2-(propyl­imino­meth­yl)phenol in refluxing methanol. The CoIII ion is hexa­coordinated by three N and three O atoms from three bidentate Schiff base ligands in an octa­hedral geometry