168 research outputs found
Structural insights into yeast translation elongation and the integrated stress response using cryo-EM
Theory of Interplay of Nuclear Magnetism and Superconductivity in AuIn2
The recently reported coexistence of a magnetic order, with the critical
temperature T_M=35 \mu*K, and superconductivity, with the critical temperature
T_S=207 m*K, in AuIn_2 is studied theoretically. It is shown that
superconducting (S) electrons and localized nuclear magnetic moments (LM's)
interact dominantly via the contact hyperfine (EX) interaction, giving rise to
a spiral (or domain-like) magnetic order in superconducting phase. The
electromagnetic interaction between LM's and S electrons is small compared to
the EX one giving minor contribution to the formation of the oscillatory
magnetic order. In clean samples (l>\xi_0) of AuIn the oscillatory magnetic
order should produce a line of nodes in the quasiparticle spectrum of S
electrons giving rise to the power law behavior. The critical field H_c(T=0) in
the coexistence phase is reduced by factor two with respect to its bare value.Comment: 4 pages with 2 PS figures, RevTeX, submitted to Physical Review B -
Rapid Communication
Magnetic Au Nanoparticles on Archaeal S-Layer Ghosts as Templates
Cellâghosts representing empty cells of the
archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, consisting only of their
highly ordered and unusually stable outermost
proteinaceous surface layer (Sâlayer), were used as
templates for Au nanoparticles fabrication. The properties
of these archaeal Au nanoparticles differ significantly
from those produced earlier by us onto bacterial Sâlayer
sheets. The archaeal Au nanoparticles, with a size of
about 2.5 nm, consist exclusively of metallic Au(0), while
those produced on the bacterial Sâlayer had a size of
about 4 nm and represented a mixture of Au(0) and
Au(III) in the ratio of 40 to 60 %. Â
The most impressive feature of the archaeal Au
nanoparticles is that they are strongly paramagnetic, in
contrast to the bacterial ones and also to bulk gold.
SQUID magnetometry and XMCD measurements
demonstrated that the archaeal Au nanoparticles possess
a rather large magnetic moment of about 0.1B/atom. HRâ
TEMâEDX analysis revealed that the archaeal Au
nanoparticles are linked to the sulfur atoms of the thiol
groups of the amino acid cysteine, characteristic only for
archaeal Sâlayers. This is the first study demonstrating the
formation of such unusually strong magnetic Au
nanoparticles on a nonâmodified archaeal Sâlaye
Automatised quality assessment in additive layer manufacturing using layer-by-layer surface measurements and deep learning
Additive manufacturing (AM) has gained high research interests in the past but comes with some drawbacks, such as the difficulty to do in-situ quality monitoring. In this paper, deep learning is used on electron-optical images taken during the Electron Beam Melting (EBM) process to classify the quality of AM layers to achieve automatized quality assessment. A comparative study of several mainstream Convolutional Neural Networks to classify the images has been conducted. The classification accuracy is up to 95 %, which demonstrates the great potential to support in-process layer quality control of EBM.And the error analysis has shown that some human misclassification were correctly classified by the Convolutional Neural Networks
Comparison of erythromycin and oxytetracycline for the treatment of ovine footrot
A microbiological study of 25 cases of ovine footrot was performed. Cultures belonging to Dichelobacter nodosus were isolated in 48% of the sampled animals. The sensitivity of the 99 strict anaerobic bacterial isolates to 5 antibiotics (penicillin G, amoxycillin, spiramycin, erythromycin and oxytetracycline) was studied. The percentage of resistant cultures was in all cases higher than 30%. The efficacy of erythromycin and oxytetracycline in the treatment of ovine footrot was studied. To conduct this test, an intramuscular injection was applied, of one antimicrobial or the other, at the beginning of the treatment. The tolerance of animals to the antimicrobials, the success rate of treatment and the severity of lameness were evaluated. The percentage of animals cured within 15 days was around 75%. In contrast, only 44% improvement was achieved in the lameness. No differences were found between the two antimicrobials in the above indices
Gene Expression Signatures That Predict Radiation Exposure in Mice and Humans
BACKGROUND: The capacity to assess environmental inputs to biological phenotypes is limited by methods that can accurately and quantitatively measure these contributions. One such example can be seen in the context of exposure to ionizing radiation. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We have made use of gene expression analysis of peripheral blood (PB) mononuclear cells to develop expression profiles that accurately reflect prior radiation exposure. We demonstrate that expression profiles can be developed that not only predict radiation exposure in mice but also distinguish the level of radiation exposure, ranging from 50 cGy to 1,000 cGy. Likewise, a molecular signature of radiation response developed solely from irradiated human patient samples can predict and distinguish irradiated human PB samples from nonirradiated samples with an accuracy of 90%, sensitivity of 85%, and specificity of 94%. We further demonstrate that a radiation profile developed in the mouse can correctly distinguish PB samples from irradiated and nonirradiated human patients with an accuracy of 77%, sensitivity of 82%, and specificity of 75%. Taken together, these data demonstrate that molecular profiles can be generated that are highly predictive of different levels of radiation exposure in mice and humans. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that this approach, with additional refinement, could provide a method to assess the effects of various environmental inputs into biological phenotypes as well as providing a more practical application of a rapid molecular screening test for the diagnosis of radiation exposure
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