Effective field theory for fractional quantum Hall systems near ν = 5/2

We propose an effective field theory (EFT) of fractional quantum Hall systems near the filling fraction ν = 5/2 that flows to pertinent IR candidate phases, including non-Abelian Pfaffian, anti-Pfaffian, and particle-hole Pfaffian states (Pf, APf, and PHPf). Our EFT has a (2+1)D O(2)_(2,L) Chern-Simons gauge theory coupled to four Majorana fermions by a discrete charge-conjugation gauge field, with Gross-Neveu-Yukawa-Higgs terms. Including deformations via a Higgs condensate and fermion mass terms, we can map out a phase diagram with tunable parameters, reproducing the prediction of the recently proposed percolation picture and its gapless topological quantum phase transitions. Our EFT captures known features of both gapless and gapped sectors of time-reversal-breaking domain walls between Pf and APf phases. Moreover, we find that Pf∣APf domain walls have higher tension than domain walls in the PHPf phase. Then the former, if formed, may transition to the energetically favored PHPf domain walls; this could, in turn, help further induce a bulk transition to PHPf

Effective field theory for fractional quantum Hall systems near ν = 5/2

We propose an effective field theory (EFT) of fractional quantum Hall systems near the filling fraction ν = 5/2 that flows to pertinent IR candidate phases, including non-Abelian Pfaffian, anti-Pfaffian, and particle-hole Pfaffian states (Pf, APf, and PHPf). Our EFT has a (2+1)D O(2)_(2,L) Chern-Simons gauge theory coupled to four Majorana fermions by a discrete charge-conjugation gauge field, with Gross-Neveu-Yukawa-Higgs terms. Including deformations via a Higgs condensate and fermion mass terms, we can map out a phase diagram with tunable parameters, reproducing the prediction of the recently proposed percolation picture and its gapless topological quantum phase transitions. Our EFT captures known features of both gapless and gapped sectors of time-reversal-breaking domain walls between Pf and APf phases. Moreover, we find that Pf∣APf domain walls have higher tension than domain walls in the PHPf phase. Then the former, if formed, may transition to the energetically favored PHPf domain walls; this could, in turn, help further induce a bulk transition to PHPf

Refractory gastric variceal bleeding secondary to splenic vein occlusion associated with abdominal lymphadenopathy

SummarySplenic vein occlusion caused by abdominal lymphadenopathy is rare. We herein present the case of a 80-year-old man with refractory isolated gastric variceal bleeding in the absence of pancreatic or liver disease. Left-sided portal hypertension was confirmed by angiography, and para-aortic lymphadenopathy compressing the splenic vein was identified by serial abdominal computed tomography. Endoscopic sclerosing therapy failed to treat the recurring gastric variceal hemorrhage. Therefore, splenectomy was suggested and the patient was successfully treated. The patient had been variceal bleeding free for 12 months since the surgery. In patients with isolated gastric varices but without advanced liver disease, a variety of diagnostic techniques should be attempted to elucidate the nature of portal hypertension, and left-sided portal hypertension should be suspected. For those cases in which endoscopic treatment failed to treat refractory gastric variceal bleeding, splenectomy can be an effective option

Synthesis of Boron-Containing Primary Amines

[[abstract]]In this study, boron-containing primary amines were synthesized for use as building blocks in the study of peptoids. In the first step, Gabriel synthesis conditions were modified to enable the construction of seven different aminomethylphenyl boronate esters in good to excellent yields. These compounds were further utilized to build peptoid analogs via an Ugi four-component reaction (Ugi-4CR) under microwave irradiation. The prepared Ugi-4CR boronate esters were then successfully converted to the corresponding boronic acids. Finally, the peptoid structures were successfully modified by cross-coupling to aryl/heteroaryl chlorides via a palladium-mediated Suzuki coupling reaction to yield the corresponding derivatives in moderate to good yields.[[notice]]補正完畢[[incitationindex]]SCI[[booktype]]紙

Single nucleotide polymorphisms of one-carbon metabolism and cancers of the esophagus, stomach, and liver in a Chinese population.

One-carbon metabolism (folate metabolism) is considered important in carcinogenesis because of its involvement in DNA synthesis and biological methylation reactions. We investigated the associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in folate metabolic pathway and the risk of three GI cancers in a population-based case-control study in Taixing City, China, with 218 esophageal cancer cases, 206 stomach cancer cases, 204 liver cancer cases, and 415 healthy population controls. Study participants were interviewed with a standardized questionnaire, and blood samples were collected after the interviews. We genotyped SNPs of the MTHFR, MTR, MTRR, DNMT1, and ALDH2 genes, using PCR-RFLP, SNPlex, or TaqMan assays. To account for multiple comparisons and reduce the chances of false reports, we employed semi-Bayes (SB) shrinkage analysis. After shrinkage and adjusting for potential confounding factors, we found positive associations between MTHFR rs1801133 and stomach cancer (any T versus C/C, SB odds-ratio [SBOR]: 1.79, 95% posterior limits: 1.18, 2.71) and liver cancer (SBOR: 1.51, 95% posterior limits: 0.98, 2.32). There was an inverse association between DNMT1 rs2228612 and esophageal cancer (any G versus A/A, SBOR: 0.60, 95% posterior limits: 0.39, 0.94). In addition, we detected potential heterogeneity across alcohol drinking status for ORs relating MTRR rs1801394 to esophageal (posterior homogeneity P = 0.005) and stomach cancer (posterior homogeneity P = 0.004), and ORs relating MTR rs1805087 to liver cancer (posterior homogeneity P = 0.021). Among non-alcohol drinkers, the variant allele (allele G) of these two SNPs was inversely associated with the risk of these cancers; while a positive association was observed among ever-alcohol drinkers. Our results suggest that genetic polymorphisms related to one-carbon metabolism may be associated with cancers of the esophagus, stomach, and liver. Heterogeneity across alcohol consumption status of the associations between MTR/MTRR polymorphisms and these cancers indicates potential interactions between alcohol drinking and one-carbon metabolic pathway