Creating a tourist product using historic trolleybuses in Gdynia

Trolleybus transport in Poland remains unique due to its relatively low popularity. Trolleybuses are operated only in four cities, which makes them a particularly interesting mode of public transport to begin with. As in the case of trams, also trolleybuses require unusual infrastructure and are permanently embedded in the history of the city, creating its character. The article discusses attempts to create a tourist product such as historic trolleybuses in Gdynia operated on a special dedicated line. Gdynia has the largest collection of historic trolleybuses in Poland. There are currently four trolleybuses in very good technical and aesthetic condition. Only in Gdynia, a dedicated communication line 326 was established for them, which has been operating from May to October since 2012. Thanks to the efforts of the local government and transport authorities, trolleybuses are now a showcase of the city, and historic trolleybuses are its integral part

Potential and cumulative accessibility of workplaces by public transport in Szczecin

The article presents the accessibility of workplaces in Szczecin using the method of potential and cumulative accessibility for commuting by public transport. The public transport commuting times used in the study were generated using the public transport model, which was developed based on data in the General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) format. The results of potential accessibility by public transport were calculated for several selected time thresholds in the morning rush hours between 7 a.m. and 9 a.m.. On the other hand, cumulative accessibility is characterised by variability of travel times for 8 a.m., which is calculated in 10- to 60-minute intervals of travel time. The aim of this study is to identify workplaces in Szczecin that are situated in areas where accessibility is more dependent on the parameters of the public-transport timetable. In addition, a possibility to define the optimal journey length was assumed so that it would regard the largest number of jobs. The use of the two indicated research methods for the accessibility of workplaces in Szczecin provides a result in the form of better- and less-accessible areas of the city as regards the labour market. The results regarding the accessibility of workplaces using the two methods identify places of increased demand for commuting by public transport during the morning rush hours

Rola Pomorskiej Kolei Metropolitalnej w kształtowaniu struktury przestrzenno-funkcjonalnej Gdańska

The concept of sustainable mobility, due to its complex nature, is one of the most important topics of urban studies. Although the link between transport development and spatial planning is necessary for its realization, this issue of the subject is rarely discussed in the Polish literature. The purpose of this study is to initially investigate the hitherto implemented and to identify potential changes in the urban mobility and spatial-functional structure, following the launch of the Pomeranian Metropolitan Railway (PMR). The analysis of scientific publications, cartographic materials and documents on local and regional development programming allowed the following conclusions to be drawn:(i) the location of the PMR line corresponds to the current and future demand for urban transport; (ii) the location of some railway stops far from potential traffic sources requires that the integration of railways with other means of transport should be much deeper than that to date; (iii) intensification of the development around PMR stops is planned in the future – it will increase the attractiveness of railways in comparison with individual transport.Koncepcja zrównoważonej mobilności, z uwagi na swój kompleksowy charakter, jest jednym z najważniejszych tematów studiów miejskich. Choć dla jej urzeczywistnienia niezbędne jest powiązanie rozwoju transportu z planowaniem przestrzennym, to kwestia ta w polskiej literaturze przedmiotu jest rzadko poruszana. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest wstępne zbadanie dotychczasowych i określenie potencjalnych zmian w mobilności miejskiej oraz w strukturze przestrzenno-funkcjonalnej w następstwie uruchomienia Pomorskiej Kolei Metropolitalnej (PKM). Analiza publikacji naukowych, materiałów kartograficznych oraz dokumentów z zakresu programowania rozwoju lokalnego i regionalnego pozwoliła na sformułowanie następujących wniosków: (1) przebieg linii PKM odpowiada obecnemu i przyszłemu zapotrzebowaniu na przewozy wewnątrzmiejskie; (2) położenie części przystanków w oddaleniu od potencjalnych źródeł ruchu wymaga znacznie głębszej niż dotychczasowa integracji kolei z innymi środkami transportu; (3) w przyszłości planowana jest intensyfikacja zabudowy wokół przystanków PKM, co podniesie jej atrakcyjność względem transportu indywidualnego

Pathophysiological disorders, quality of life evaluation and recommendations after total resection of the stomach

In recent years, attention has been paid to the quality of life of patients after resection of the stomach as an additional factor of the therapeutic procedure. However, the consequences of total resection of the stomach (especially distant ones) and the influence of different methods of reconstruction of the alimentary tract on patients' quality of life are still controversial.This article sums up the current state of knowledge of patients' quality of life after total resection of the stomach. The first part discusses the pathophysiological disorders which occur after such operations. This will allow the reader to better understand the symptoms which may possibly occur and then decide on the appropriate procedure to improve the patient's everyday function. The subsection on the evaluation of the quality of life on the basis of literature discusses the following problems: questionnaire research, laboratory investigations, endoscopic examinations, and morphological/his-tological examinations.The final part of the paper is a collection of available recommendations to patients after total resection of the stomach. They refer to: optimisation of the diet, prevention of deficiencies, and follow-up examinations, all of which may influence the quality of life

The impact of the overhead line's power supply system spatial differentiation on the energy consumption of trolleybus transport: planning and economic aspects

Nowadays the issue of electric energy saving in public transport is becoming a key area of interest, which is connected both with a growth in environmental awareness of the society and an increase in the prices of fuel and electricity. It can be achieved by reducing of the transmission losses in supply system or by the improving of the usage of the regenerative breaking. The spatial differentiation of the energy supply system of public transport is one of the elements, which has significant impact on the energy consumption. Paper presents the theoretical analysis of the impact of supply system topology on the energy consumption and extensive measurement analysis realized in Gdynia (Poland) trolleybus system. First published online: 13 Oct 201

BADANIA NAD DOSTĘPNOŚCIĄ PIESZĄ I TRANSPORTEM ZBIOROWYM DO PARKÓW MIEJSKICH NA PRZYKŁADZIE GDAŃSKA

The study presents the results of research of accessibility to urban parks, as an important destination for residents of urban areas. The analyzes were carried out with the use of the example of Gdansk, where the location of the urban parks has had a long tradition. Urban parks play an important role in everyday life due to their functions, with the recreational role recognized as particularly vital in urban areas. Shaping the development of residential areas in cities should involve good accessibility to urban parks. The article shows the possibility of applying GIS techniques in studies of accessibility to the urban parks in Gdansk. It should be an important tool in shaping development policy planning, especially in residential areas.W opracowaniu przedstawiono wyniki badań nad dostępnością przestrzenną parków miejskich jako istotnej destynacji mieszkańców obszarów zurbanizowanych. Analizę przeprowadzono na przykładzie Gdańska, w którym zagospodarowanie, a więc także lokalizacja obszarów zieleni, ma wielowiekowe tradycje. Parki miejskie odgrywają ważną rolę w codziennym życiu ze względu na ich funkcje – za szczególnie istotną na obszarach zurbanizowanych należy uznać rolę rekreacyjną. Kształtowanie rozwoju dzielnic mieszkaniowych w miastach powinno wiązać się z dobrą dostępnością przestrzenną do parków. W artykule wykazano możliwość zastosowania technik GIS w badaniach dostępności do parków miejskich jako narzędzia pomocnego w kształtowaniu polityki rozwoju przestrzennego, w szczególności obszarów mieszkaniowych

Urban Transformation in the Context of Rail Transport Development: The Case of a Newly Built Railway Line in Gdańsk (Poland)

Development of railway transport systems is perceived as one of the most effective ways of shaping sustainable urban transportation. However, railway transportation systems can only compete with individual means of transportation when having properly developed infrastructure, especially in terms of the train stops accessibility. The main objective of this article is to discuss mutual relations between operation of a newly built railway line and spatial changes taking place in its closest vicinity which determine the accessibility to it. The research methods included the GIS tools, direct measurements of passenger exchange, and public opinion poll among the passengers taking the new line. The research area was the city of Gdańsk, one of the largest cities in Poland, where transportation problems are cumulating as a result of the urban sprawl. The new railway was opened in order to mitigate these problems. The research results have proved this strategy was only partially successful as the course of the line and location of the stops do not provide a large number of potential passengers. That is why it was necessary to connect the line to the already existing urban transportation system, yet this solution has not resolved the problem completely. However, the urban development plan assumes introduction of large housing projects in the areas surrounding the existing train stops what will allow using the new line more efficiently in the future. Document type: Articl

Untargeted metabolomics in gastric and colorectal cancer patients – preliminary results

IntroductionRecent years, microbiota-associated aspects have been analysed in multiple disorders regarding cancers. Existing evidence pints that gut microorganisms might take part in tumour origin and therapy efficacy. Nevertheless, to date, data on faecal metabolomics in cancer patients is still strongly limited. Therefore, we aimed to analyse gut untargeted metabolome in gastrointestinal cancer patients (i.e., gastric and colorectal cancer).Patients and methodsThere were 12 patients with either gastric (n=4) or colorectal cancer (n=8) enrolled and 8 analysed (n=4 each). Stool samples were collected prior to anti-cancer treatments. Untargeted metabolomics analyses were conducted by means of mass spectrometry.ResultsA plethora of metabolites in cancer patients we analysed were noted, with higher homogenity in case of gastric cancer patients. We found that the level of Deoxyguanosine,m/z 266.091,[M-H]-, Uridine,m/z 245.075,[M+H]+, Deoxyguanosine,m/z 268.104,[M]+, 3-Indoleacetic acid,m/z 176.07,[M+H]+, Indoxyl,m/z 132.031,[M-H]-, L-Phenylalanine,m/z 164.073,[M-H]-, L-Methionine,m/z 150.058,[M+NH4]+, was significantly higher in colorectal cancer patients and Ethyl hydrogen malonate,m/z 133.031,[M+H]+ in gastric cancer.ConclusionThe overall insights into untargeted metabolomics showed that most often higher levels of analysed metabolites were detected in colorectal cancer patients compared to gastric cancer patients. The link between gut metabolome and both local and distal metastasis might exist, however it requires confirmation in further multi-centre studies regarding larger sample size

Quality of life assessment in patients with a stoma due to rectal cancer

The AimThe aim of the study was to assess the quality of life in patients with a stoma, created for various reasons in the course of rectal cancer treatment.Material and MethodsThe study included 50 patients in the early post-surgery follow-up period, visiting the Stoma Outpatient Clinic in the Great Poland Centre in Poznań. All patients underwent surgery due to rectal cancer. Quality of life was assessed using anonymous questionnaires. Participation in the study was voluntary, and patients were informed about the proceedings. Standardized EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire for quality of life assessment in cancer patients and QLQ-CR38 module for colorectal cancer patients were used.ResultsIn all domains assessed, stoma patients showed significant impairment of functioning, which negatively influenced their quality of life. In our study group scores in all functional scales (physical – 70.6, role – 71.0, emotional – 61.8, cognitive – 75.6, social – 65) differed significantly from the reference values for the healthy population. QLQ-CR38 questionnaire was used to assess which symptoms were most disturbing for the patients. Negative influence of stoma on sexual functioning in men (mostly erectile and ejaculation dysfunctions) turned out to be the most significant (54.6). In women sexual dysfunctions were significantly less expressed (26.8). Another large group of symptoms having an unquestionable influence on level of functioning comprised direct stoma-related symptoms (47.8).ConclusionsCreation of a stoma still has a large negative impact on patients' quality of life. Influence of the stoma is most pronounced in the area of social functioning. In spite of improvement in support, the problems pertaining directly to the fact of having a stoma bag remain significant for this group of patients