Lymph node removal enhances corneal graft survival in mice at high risk of rejection

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Regulatory Effects of IFN-β on the Development of Experimental Autoimmune Uveoretinitis in B10RIII Mice

BACKGROUND: Experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) serves as a model for human intraocular inflammation. IFN-β has been used in the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases. Earlier studies showed that it ameliorated EAU; however, the mechanisms involved in this inhibition are still largely unknown. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: B10RIII mice were immunized with interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) peptide 161-180 in Complete Freund's adjuvant. Splenocytes from different time points after immunization were used to evaluate the expression of IFN-β. An increased expression of IFN-β was observed during EAU and its highest expression was observed on day 16, 3 days after the peak of intraocular inflammation. Splenocytes and draining lymph node cells from mice immunized with IRBP(161-180) on day 13 and control mice were activated with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibodies or IRBP(161-180) to evaluate the production of IFN-γ and IL-17. The results showed that IFN-γ and IL-17 were significantly higher in immunized mice as compared to the control mice when exposed to anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibodies. However, the production of IFN-γ and IL-17 was detected only in immunized mice, but not in the control mice when stimulated with IRBP(161-180). Multiple subcutaneous injections of IFN-β significantly inhibited EAU activity in association with a down-regulated expression of IFN-γ, IL-17 and an enhanced IL-10 production. In an in vitro system using cells from mice, IFN-β suppressed IFN-γ production by CD4(+)CD62L(-) T cells, IL-17 production by CD4(+)CD62L(+/-) T cells and proliferation of CD4(+)CD62L(+/-) T cells. IFN-β inhibited the secretion of IL-6, but promoted the secretion of IL-10 by monocytes. IFN-β-treated monocytes inhibited IL-17 secretion by CD4(+)CD62L(+/-) T cells, but did not influence IFN-γ expression and T cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: IFN-β may exert its inhibitory effect on EAU by inhibiting Th1, Th17 cells and modulating relevant cytokines. IFN-β may provide a potential treatment for diseases mediated by Th1 and Th17 cells

Bunecne mechanismy rejekce rohovkoveho transplantatu.

Available from STL Prague, CZ / NTK - National Technical LibrarySIGLECZCzech Republi

NDT mechanicky poškozených betonových vzorků metodou nelineární akustické spektroskopie

Current research and development of non-linear ultrasonic spectroscopy methods shows these methods to be very promising for material testing and defectoscopy in the near future. Our experiments focused on the testing of lightweight concrete specimens using the single-frequency excitation method. We studied the concrete specimens structure after having been stressed by a mechanical force. Measurements were realized before and after mechanical loading.Výzkum metod nelineární ultrazvukové spektroskopie ukazuje jejich velkou perspektivu pro defektoskopii v blízké budoucnosti. Publikované experimenty byly provedeny metodou s jedním budícím signálem na vzorcích z lehkého betonu. Analyzovali jsme strukturu vzorků před a po mechanickém zatížení

Quantitative evaluation of the corneal endothelium in the mouse after grafting

Background/aim: Corneal graft survival depends critically on the quality of the endothelium. In this study the authors aimed to evaluate corneal endothelium in mice at different times after transplantation and to correlate endothelial integrity with corneal graft survival. Methods: Syngeneic and allogeneic corneal grafts at various times (days 0–60) after engraftment were examined in flat mount preparation by confocal microscopy, by evaluating the hexagonal pattern of the endothelial monolayer using actin staining of the cell cortex. Corneas from untreated mice and from mice, who were grafted after removal of draining lymph nodes served as controls. Results: In control corneas, more than 90% of the posterior surface was covered by endothelium. Syngeneic grafts were always covered by 54–99% of endothelium. In contrast, the posterior surface of corneal allografts showed great variation in the degree of endothelial cell coverage (0–98%). In addition, clinical opacity grading measure was not a reliable predictor of endothelial coverage. Conclusion: In corneal allografts there is progressive loss of endothelium over time, unlike with syngeneic grafts. However, in the early stages of allograft rejection, the grade of graft opacity does not accurately reflect the degree of endothelial cell coverage. Although corneal opacity grade is considered the main determinant of graft rejection, the data suggest that both the grade of corneal opacity plus a sufficient post-graft time duration (>8 weeks in the mouse) are required for the diagnosis of irreversible graft rejection