Maintenance of action: A qualitative study of cycle commuting adoption resulting from a cycle loan scheme

Introduction: Cycling has multiple health benefits, but its share of commuting mode remains low in the UK. Little is known about barriers and determinants for new sustained recruits to commuting, and few studies have examined new recruits for a sufficient duration to enable habit formation. Methods: This qualitative study explores the experiences of adults starting or returning to cycle commuting in Bristol to gain insight into the determinants of initiation and maintenance of cycle commuting. Semi-structured interviews with ten participants were conducted on or after returning the cycle, analysed using thematic analysis. Results: It was found that participants were concerned by safety, the hostile road environment, poor infrastructure, roadworks, weather, hills, theft, and the relative need to be organised. They were motivated by life-transitions and time savings. Health and cost were both motivators and barriers, with the disadvantage being effort required and equipment costs. Workplace culture and facilities were influential. Participants did not feel integrated with pre-existing cyclists, did not easily find the ‘joy of cycling’, nor integrate cycling into wider routines. Conclusions: In conclusion, participants’ positive feelings could be crowded-out by negative experiences and cultural norms. Health and environmental gains may be limited if participants are already active and/or switching from public transport. While participants reported they intended to continue, maintenance of the activity may not readily continue

Combined In Silico, In Vivo, and In Vitro Studies Shed Insights into the Acute Inflammatory Response in Middle-Aged Mice

We combined in silico, in vivo, and in vitro studies to gain insights into age-dependent changes in acute inflammation in response to bacterial endotoxin (LPS). Time-course cytokine, chemokine, and NO2-/NO3- data from "middle-aged" (6-8 months old) C57BL/6 mice were used to re-parameterize a mechanistic mathematical model of acute inflammation originally calibrated for "young" (2-3 months old) mice. These studies suggested that macrophages from middle-aged mice are more susceptible to cell death, as well as producing higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, vs. macrophages from young mice. In support of the in silico-derived hypotheses, resident peritoneal cells from endotoxemic middle-aged mice exhibited reduced viability and produced elevated levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and KC/CXCL1 as compared to cells from young mice. Our studies demonstrate the utility of a combined in silico, in vivo, and in vitro approach to the study of acute inflammation in shock states, and suggest hypotheses with regard to the changes in the cytokine milieu that accompany aging. © 2013 Namas et al

Health promotion: results of focus groups with African-American men

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jomh.2010.11.00

SSME Advanced Health Management: Project Overview

This document is the viewgraphs from a presentation concerning the development of the Health Management system for the Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME). It reviews the historical background of the SSME Advanced Health Management effort through the present final Health management configuration. The document includes reviews of three subsystems to the Advanced Health Management System: (1) the Real-Time Vibration Monitor System, (2) the Linear Engine Model, and (3) the Optical Plume Anomaly Detection system

Block III SSME Upgrade Project Overview

A viewgraph presentation outlines the use and history of the Reusable Lox/LH2 Booster Engine. The Block III upgrade evolution is discussed. NASA goals, engine configuration, and major changes are described. The design concept is illustrated, including a construction comparison between a tube wall nozzle and a channel wall nozzle. The benefits, goals, and risks of the Block III are discussed and a baseline program schedule is provided

A briefe declaration for what manner of speciall nusance concerning private dwelling houses, a man may have his remedy by assise, or other action as the case requires. Vnfolded in the arguments, and opinions of foure famous sages of the common law; together with the power, and extent of customes in cities, townes, and corporations, concerning the same: together with the determination of the law, concerning the commodity, and use of houses, and their appurtenances. Whereunto is added, the iustices of assise their opinion, concerning statute law for parishes; and the power of iustices of peace, churchwardens, and constables: and to know what they are to do concerning bastards borne in their parishes, reliefe of the poore, and providing for poore children, what remedy for the same

The four sages: Mr. Monson, Mr. Plowden, Mr. Wray, Mr. ManwoodSignatures: B-G⁴Mode of access: Internet