Providing healthsaving mode orientation of children in recreation and rehabilitation

It was investigated the features of the regime of the day students in the period of rest and recovery. It was formulated the main principles of hygiene supplies for recreation, it was proved the presence of health-saving by optimizing the orientation components of the daily routineИзучены особенности режима дня школьников в период отдыха и оздоровления. Сформулированы основные принципы гигиенического обеспечения рекреации, доказано наличие здоровье сберегающей направленности за счет оптимизации компонентов режима дн

Materials of the final reports on the joint Soviet-American experiment on the Kosmos-936 biosatellite

Biological experiments onboard the Kosmos-936 investigated the effect of weightlessness on the basic components of cells, the genetic structure and energy apparatus. Genetic studies were made on the Drosophila melanogaster. Experiments were made on higher vegetation and fungi as well. The results indicate that weightlessness cannot be the principal barrier for normal development. An experiment with ectopic osteogenesis in weightlessness was carried out. Measurements were made of cosmic radiation inside and outside the biosatellite

New behavioral forms of sportsman students identification in university digital educational reality

The relevance of the research is due to a wide range of changes in the University educational reality caused by the influence of the Internet, computers, smartphones, mobile devices and modern gadgets on the behavioural forms of student identification. These processes are becoming a matter of particular concern to the public and University teachers. In this regard, this study reveals the features of the value priorities of the University digital educational reality, which modify the behavioural forms of student identification. In the course of pedagogical modelling, which is the leading research method, the phenomenon of new behavioural forms of student identification is identified as the leading idea of the University digital educational reality. This article reveals the key values of student identity identification in the University digital educational reality. The structure and content of new behavioural forms of student identification are established. Based on the research materials, the correction module of new behavioural forms of student identification in the University digital educational reality is justified. The module effectiveness is proved by the results of using new behavioural forms of student identification in the University educational process. The materials of the article are recommended to teachers, methodologists, organizers of the educational process and University students

ОЦІНКА ВИДОВОГО СКЛАДУ МІКРОФЛОРИ ПРОСВІТУ ТОВСТОЇ КИШКИ У ЩУРІВ ПРИ БАГАТОРАЗОВОМУ ІНГАЛЯЦІЙНОМУ ВПЛИВІ НІТРОКСОЛІНУ

An important in the scheme of research on the hygienic justification of hygienic regulations for the admissible content of drugs in the air of the working zone of pharmaceutical enterprises is the establishment of parameters of toxicity, allergic, embryotoxic, dysbiotic action. Aim. Evaluation of the microflora species composition of the direct colon in rats with repeated inhalation exposure to nitroxoline. Materials and methods. The dysbiotic effect of nitroxolin was studied in rats, which were exposed to the drug at concentrations of 5 mg/m3, 15 mg/m3,                45 mg/m3 for 30 days by intranasal administration. Results and discussion. The dominant representatives of the fecal biotope normobites are Bifidobacteria, Lactobacteria, bacteria of the intestinal sticks, in particular E. coli, Enterococcus, and Staphylococcus, which were detected in the excrements of 100.0% of animals. The frequency of occurrence of Peptostreptococcus and Streptococcus ranged from 33.3 % - 66.7 %, Protea - 16.7% - 50.0 %, Candida fungi - 16.7 % - 33.3 %, Mold – 0 % - 16,7 %. When exposed to nitroxoline concentrations of 5 mg/m3, 15 mg/m3, 45 mg/m3, the prevalence rate for the dominant bacterial populations: Bifidobacteria, Lactobacillus, bacteria in the E. coli group, Enterococcus and Staphylococcus remained unchanged at 100.0%. Nitroxolin at a concentration of 5 mg/m3 did not cause changes in the structure of the intestinal microbiota. Concentrations of 15 mg/m3, 45 mg/m3 caused an increase in the frequency of detection of opportunistic strains and reduction of Peptostreptococcus and Streptococcus. At the end of the recovery period, the frequency of occurrence of Proteus, Candida fungi, Mold fungi in the fecal biotope of rats of the second (15 mg/m3) and third experimental group (45 mg/m3) was kept at the level of 4 weeks of the experimental level. Conclusions. Multiple inhalation action of nitroxolin in concentration 15 mg/m3 causes dysbiosis of the large intestine in rats, with a concentration of compound of 15 mg/m3 is a threshold for this effect.Важным в схеме исследований по гигиеническому обоснованию гигиенических регламентов допустимого содержания лекарственных средств в воздухе рабочей зоны фармацевтических предприятий является определение параметров токсичности, аллергического, эмбриотоксического, дисбиотического действия. Цель. Оценка видового состава микрофлоры содержимого прямого отдела толстого кишечника у крыс при многократном ингаляционном воздействии нитроксолина. Материалы и методы. Дисбиотическое действие нитроксолина изучали на крысах, которых в течение 30 дней подвергали воздействию лекарственного средства в концентрациях 5 мг/м3, 15 мг/м3, 45 мг/м3, путем интраназального введения. Результаты и обсуждение. Доминантными представителями нормобиоты фекального биотопа являются бифидобактерии, лактобактерии, бактерии группы кишечных палочек (БГКП), в частности Е. coli, энтерококки, стафилококки, которые присутствовали в испражнениях 100,0 % животных. Частота встречаемости пептострептококков и стрептококков колебалась в пределах 33,3 % - 66,7 %, протея - 16,7 % - 50,0 %, грибов рода кандида - 16,7% - 33,3 %, плесени – 0 % - 16,7 %. При воздействии концентраций нитроксолина 5 мг/м3, 15 мг/м3, 45 мг/м3 показатель частоты встречаемости для доминирующих бактериальных популяций: бифидо-, лактобактерий, БГКП, энтерококков и стафилококков оставался прежним - 100,0%. Нитроксолин в концентрации 5 мг/м3 не вызывал изменений в структуре микробиоты кишечника. Концентрации 15 мг/м3, 45 мг/м3 увеличивали частоту выявления условно-патогенных штаммов и снижение - пептострептококков и стрептококков. В конце восстановительного периода частота встречаемости протея, грибов рода кандида, плесневых грибов в фекальном биотопе крыс второй (15 мг/м3) и третьей опытной группы (45 мг/м3) удерживались на уровне показателей 4 недели эксперимента. Виводы. Многократное ингаляционное действие нитроксолина в концентрации 15 мг/м3 вызывает дисбактериоз толстого кишечника у крыс, при этом концентрация 15 мг/м3 является пороговой для этого эффекта.Резюме. Важливим у схемі досліджень по гігієнічному обгрунтуванню гігієнічних регламентів допустимого вмісту лікарських засобів у повітрі робочої зони фармацевтичних підприємств є встановлення параметрів токсичності, алергічної, ембріотоксичної, дисбіотичної дії. Мета. Оцінка видового складу мікрофлори просвіту прямого відділу товстого кишківника у щурів при багаторазовому інгаляційному впливі нітроксоліну. Матеріали і методи. Дисбіотичну дію нітроксоліну вивчали на щурах, яких упродовж 30 днів піддавали впливу лікарського засобу у концентраціях 5 мг/м3, 15 мг/м3, 45 мг/м3, шляхом інтраназального введення. Результати та обговорення. Домінантними представниками нормобіоти фекального біотопу є біфідобактерії, лактобактерії, бактерії групи кишкових паличок, зокрема Е. coli, ентерококи, стафілококи, які виявляли у випорожненнях 100,0 % тварин. Частота зустрічності пептострептококів та стрептококів коливалася в межах 33,3 % - 66,7 %, протею – 16,7 % - 50,0 %, грибів роду кандіда – 16,7 % - 33,3 % , плісені – 0% - 16,7 %. При концентраціях нітроксоліну 5 мг/м3, 15 мг/м3, 45 мг/м3 показник частоти зустрічності для домінуючих бактеріальних популяцій: біфідо-, лактобактерій, БГКП, ентерококів і стафілококів залишався незмінним – 100,0 %. Нітроксолін у концентрації 5 мг/м3 не викликав змін в структурі мікробіоти кишківника. Концентрації 15 мг/м3, 45 мг/м3 викликали зростання частоти виявлення умовно-патогенних штамів та зниження пептострептококів і стрептококів. Наприкінці відновного періоду частота зустрічності протею, грибів роду кандіда, плісеневих грибів у фекальному біотопі щурів другої (15 мг/м3) та третьої дослідної групи (45 мг/м3) утримувалися на рівні показників 4 тижня експерименту. Висновки. Багаторазова інгаляційна дія нітроксоліну у концентрації 15 мг/м3 викликає дисбактеріоз товстого кишківника у щурів, при цьому концентрація сполуки 15мг/м3 є пороговою для цього ефекту

Breast Cancer After Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer With Radioiodine in Young Females: What We Know and How to Investigate Open Questions. Review of the Literature and Results of a Multi-Registry Survey

Published studies on the risk of radiation-induced second primary malignancy (SPM) after radioiodine treatment (RAI) of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) refer mainly to patients treated as middle-aged or older adults and are not easily generalizable to those treated at a younger age. Here we review available literature on the risk of breast cancer as an SPM after RAI of DTC with a focus on females undergoing such treatment in childhood, adolescence, or young adulthood. Additionally, we report the results of a preliminary international survey of patient registries from academic tertiary referral centers specializing in pediatric DTC. The survey sought to evaluate the availability of sufficient patient data for a potential international multicenter observational case–control study of females with DTC given RAI at an early age. Our literature review identified a bi-directional association of DTC and breast cancer. The general breast cancer risk in adult DTC survivors is low, ~2%, slightly higher in females than in males, but presumably lower, not higher, in those diagnosed as children or adolescents than in those diagnosed at older ages. RAI presumably does not substantially influence breast cancer risk after DTC. However, data from patients given RAI at young ages are sparse and insufficient to make definitive conclusions regarding age dependence of the risk of breast cancer as a SPM after RAI of DTC. The preliminary analysis of data from 10 thyroid cancer registries worldwide, including altogether 6,449 patients given RAI for DTC and 1,116 controls, i.e., patients not given RAI, did not show a significant increase of breast cancer incidence after RAI. However, the numbers of cases and controls were insufficient to draw statistically reliable conclusions, and the proportion of those receiving RAI at the earliest ages was too low.In conclusion, a potential international multicenter study of female patients undergoing RAI of DTC as children, adolescents, or young adults, with a sufficient sample size, is feasible. However, breast cancer screening of a larger cohort of DTC patients is not unproblematic for ethical reasons, due to the likely, at most slightly, increased risk of breast cancer post-RAI and the expected ~10% false-positivity rate which potentially produced substantial “misdiagnosis.

Outbreak of West Nile virus infection, Volgograd Region, Russia, 1999.

From July 25 to October 1, 1999, 826 patients were admitted to Volgograd Region, Russia, hospitals with acute aseptic meningoencephalitis, meningitis, or fever consistent with arboviral infection. Of 84 cases of meningoencephalitis, 40 were fatal. Fourteen brain specimens were positive in reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assays, confirming the presence of West Nile/Kunjin virus

Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms in Chronic Adenoiditis

The aim of our research was to study the multiphase response in a system of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines due to the additive contribution of homozygous and heterozygous genotypes for the polymorphic allelic variants of the interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) genes in patients with chronic adenoiditis (CA). Materials and Methods: The study included 388 children with CA. Associations between the IL1B gene (rs1143634) (C+3954T) SNP and the IL-4 gene (rs2243250) (C-589T) SNP and the clinical manifestations and clinical outcome of CA were investigated. Genotyping for the studied SNPs was performed using real-time PCR. The study of genotype-associated cytokine production in accordance with the level of concentration of IL-1β, IL-4 in blood serum with the method of solidphase EIA using horseradish peroxidase as an indicating enzyme was carried out. Results: The presence of homozygous or heterozygous genotypes of the studied SNPs of the IL-1β and IL-4 genes was characterized with genetically determined cytokine-production forming the phenotypical polymorphism. The conducted research into congenital immunity factors with an assessment of genetically determined cytokine production has revealed 5 options of the cytokine response and their corresponding frequencies. We extrapolated the results on clinical and functional outcomes of chronic adenoiditis, which allowed us to identify non-randomness in the nature of chronic adenoiditis as a multifactorial disease. Conclusion: The obtained data are evidence of the phenotypic-genetic heterogeneity of CA

Особенности совместного использования спутниковых данных видимого диапазона и радиолокационных данных для мониторинга арктических айсбергов на примере района Земли Франца-Иосифа

Given the availability of data, in order to monitor icebergs in the vast Arctic region, it is necessary to ensure an optimal ratio of the satellite radar data cost (with a wide swath and high spatial resolution) and the reliability of the results obtained. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using only non-commercial satellite information for monitoring icebergs. To achieve this goal, an iceberg detection technique was applied based on statistical criteria of searching for gradient zones in analyzing two-dimensional fields of satellite images. As a source of information, we used high spatial resolution satellite data obtained from non – commercial satellites Sentinel-1 (radar data) and Landsat-8 (visible spectral range data) with a pixel size of 40 × 20 and 15 m, respectively.Through comparison with the data of the visible spectral range of ultra-high resolution, the error was estimated of measuring the size of icebergs using the visible range equipment of the Landsat-8 satellite and the radar of the Sentinel-1 satellite. Based on the analysis of satellite data of the visible spectral range and radar data, the spatial dimensions of icebergs formed by the outlet glaciers of Franz Josef Land n 2020–2022 were estimated. The materials were collected for the period August-September, corresponding to the conditions of minimum ice extent in the Franz Josef Land area and sufficient natural illumination for using the data of the visible spectral range in the Arctic. In total, about 100 satellite images were analyzed. The sources of error in the satellite measurements are discussed, as well as the reasons for the impossibility in some cases to identify Franz Josef Land icebergs on radar images. It is shown that the largest contribution to the iceberg runoff of Franz Josef Land is made by outflow glaciers located on Georg Land, Wilczek Land, Gall, Salisbury and Champa islands. According to the results of the study, it is concluded that radar data with a pixel size of 40 m allow one to obtain essentially reliable information on the spatial distribution of icebergs in the water area. However, it is not possible to obtain a reliable function of the distribution of icebergs by size since most of the icebergs in the Franz Josef Land water area have small and medium sizes and are rarely identified in images of such spatial resolution.Обсуждается эффективность использования некоммерческих спутниковых данных, видимого спектрального диапазона и радиолокационных, для мониторинга айсбергов в районе архипелага Земля Франца-Иосифа. Путем сравнения с данными видимого диапазона сверхвысокого разрешения оценена погрешность измерения размеров айсбергов по данным видимого диапазона ИСЗ Landsat-8 и спутникового радиолокатора Sentinel-1. Установлена зависимость способности спутникового радиолокатора обнаруживать айсберги в прибрежной зоне от угла наклона луча. Сделан вывод, что радиолокационные данные с размером пикселя 40 м позволяют получить представление о закономерностях пространственного распределения айсбергов по акватории, но построить достоверную функцию распределения айсбергов по размерам не удается