Substantiation data for hypersonic cruise vehicle wing structure evaluation - Volume 1, sections 1-10

Trajectory, load, aerodynamic heating, materials, structural, and thermal analyses for hypersonic cruise vehicle wing

Holz von Vitis vinifera im Raster-Elektronenmikroskop

Charakteristische Gewebeteile und Zellelemente vom Holz des Weinstockes, Vitis vinifera L., wurden raster-elektronenmikroskopisch abgebildet. Dabei wurde auf die Ausbildung der lebenden, septierten Holzfasern besonderer Wert gelegt. Lebende, septierte Fasern treten auch im Bast auf (Bastfasern). Sie bilden alternierend mit dem Weichbast selbständige Gewebekomplexe und dienen wie die Holzfasern neben ihrer Stützfunktion vorwiegend der Stärkespeicherung. Die Bastfasern sind im Durchschnitt kürzer als die Holzfasern. Andere morphologische Unterschiede wurden nicht festgestellt.Bois de Vitis vinifera au microscope électronique à balayageLes parties caractéristiques du tissu et les éléments cellulaires du bois de vigne (Vitis vinifera L.) furent reproduits par microscopie électronique à balayage On s'est concentré particulièrement sur la formation des fibres vivantes et cloisonnées du bois. Des fibres vivantes et cloisonnées sont présentes également dans le phloème. Elles forment alternativement avec le liber mou un complexe de tissus indépendants et servent comme les fibres libriformes du xylème, en plus de leur rôle de support, surtout au stockage de l 'amidon. Les fibres de phloème sont en moyenne plus courtes que les fibres de xylème. D'autres différences morphologiques n'ont pas été constatées

Generalized Hamiltonian structures for Ermakov systems

We construct Poisson structures for Ermakov systems, using the Ermakov invariant as the Hamiltonian. Two classes of Poisson structures are obtained, one of them degenerate, in which case we derive the Casimir functions. In some situations, the existence of Casimir functions can give rise to superintegrable Ermakov systems. Finally, we characterize the cases where linearization of the equations of motion is possible

MicroRNA expression is altered in an ovalbumin-induced asthma model and targeting miR-155 with antagomirs reveals cellular specificity

©2015 Plank et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source arecredited. MicroRNAs are post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression that are differentially regulated during development and in inflammatory diseases. A role for miRNAs in allergic asthma is emerging and further investigation is required to determine whether they may serve as potential therapeutic targets. We profiled miRNA expression in murine lungs from an ovalbumin-induced allergic airways disease model, and compared expression to animals receiving dexamethasone treatment and non-allergic controls. Our analysis identified 29 miRNAs that were significantly altered during allergic inflammation. Target prediction analysis revealed novel genes with altered expression in allergic airways disease and suggests synergistic miRNA regulation of target mRNAs. To assess the impacts of one induced miRNA on pathology, we targeted miR-155-5p using a specific antagomir. Antagomir administration successfully reduced miR-155-5p expression with high specificity, but failed to alter the disease phenotype. Interestingly, further investigation revealed that antagomir delivery has variable efficacy across different immune cell types, effectively targeting myeloid cell populations, but exhibiting poor uptake in lymphocytes. Our findings demonstrate that antagomir-based targeting of miRNA function in the lung is highly specific, but highlights cell-specificity as a key limitation to be considered for antagomir-based strategies as therapeutics

Characterization of unwanted noise in realistic cavities

The problem of the description of absorption and scattering losses in high-Q cavities is studied. The considerations are based on quantum noise theories, hence the unwanted noise associated with scattering and absorption is taken into account by introduction of additional damping and noise terms in the quantum Langevin equations and input--output relations. Completeness conditions for the description of the cavity models obtained in this way are studied and corresponding replacement schemes are discussed.Comment: Contribution to XI International Conference on Quantum Optics, Minsk, Belarus, 26-31 May, 200

A microRNA cluster in the Fragile-X region expressed during spermatogenesis targets FMR1.

Testis-expressed X-linked genes typically evolve rapidly. Here, we report on a testis-expressed X-linked microRNA (miRNA) cluster that despite rapid alterations in sequence has retained its position in the Fragile-X region of the X chromosome in placental mammals. Surprisingly, the miRNAs encoded by this cluster (Fx-mir) have a predilection for targeting the immediately adjacent gene, Fmr1, an unexpected finding given that miRNAs usually act in trans, not in cis Robust repression of Fmr1 is conferred by combinations of Fx-mir miRNAs induced in Sertoli cells (SCs) during postnatal development when they terminate proliferation. Physiological significance is suggested by the finding that FMRP, the protein product of Fmr1, is downregulated when Fx-mir miRNAs are induced, and that FMRP loss causes SC hyperproliferation and spermatogenic defects. Fx-mir miRNAs not only regulate the expression of FMRP, but also regulate the expression of eIF4E and CYFIP1, which together with FMRP form a translational regulatory complex. Our results support a model in which Fx-mir family members act cooperatively to regulate the translation of batteries of mRNAs in a developmentally regulated manner in SCs