Exploring the COVID-19 Experience of Young Adult Latinos in Rural California: Insights into Mental Health & The Immigrant Health Paradox

This study expands the COVID-19 and Latino Immigrants in Rural California (CLIMA) Study at UC Merced by exploring how the mental health of young adult Latinos in rural CA has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and comparing the experiences of US-born Latinos to those of Latino immigrants to investigate an Immigrant Health Paradox. A convergent mixed methods design was first employed whereby qualitative and quantitative data was collected concurrently, and then merged. Then, the data collected from young adult Latinos was compared to that from Latino immigrants collected by CLIMA Study to explore the Immigrant Health Paradox in the context of the pandemic. Stressors that young adult, US-born Latinos often faced included: job insecurity, financial challenges, food insecurity, decreased social interaction, fear of COVID-19, challenges with providing or receiving familial support, and challenges with online schooling. The older adult, immigrant participants faced many of the same stressors, however, the data suggest they may have also faced increased responsibilities in regards to childcare, more instances of workplace discrimination, and faced acculturative stress more directly. Study findings may be used by researchers, advocate, policy makers, and like to reduce health disparities among low-income people of color and rural populations. Future studies seeking to conduct a more robust investigation of Latino and Immigrant ‘Mental’ Health Paradoxes should recruit a larger sample, include populations at several different levels of acculturation (e.g., whites, Latino immigrants, second-generation Latinos, etc.), and utilize a bi-directional measure of acculturation

An Educational Intervention on the Role of Perioperative Troponin Monitoring in Adult Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery

Background: Myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery is considered a common perioperative complication associated with increased morbidity and mortality following surgery. Patients who sustain MINS are predominantly asymptomatic and do not meet the conventional definition and diagnostic criteria for myocardial infarction (MI). This presents a challenge in identifying patients with MINS without proper surveillance and monitoring in place. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to improve anesthesia provider knowledge on the value of perioperative troponin monitoring in identifying myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery. A literature review including primary research studies addresses the PICO question: “In patients older than 45 years of age with cardiovascular risk factors, does routine perioperative troponin monitoring vs. monitoring traditional subjective symptoms indicative of postoperative myocardial ischemia improve identification of myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery?” The literature review is used to provide the educational framework to improve provider knowledge. The overall objective is to increase awareness with the intention of improving healthcare outcomes for surgical patients. Methodology: The primary methodology of the proposed project is to administer an online educational intervention to providers which focuses on the benefits of perioperative troponin monitoring in the early identification of MINS. Pre- and post-assessment surveys will be used to measure improvement of provider knowledge before and after the intervention. Results: Overall, there was an improvement in provider knowledge following the education intervention. Additionally, the likelihood of utilizing perioperative troponin monitoring increased among providers. Conclusions: Currently, troponin monitoring is not standard practice in high-risk patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery. The educational intervention provided was effective in improving anesthesia provider knowledge of MINS and the likelihood of utilizing perioperative troponin monitoring. Increasing awareness of myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery and the role of serial troponin monitoring can reduce mortality and improve postoperative outcomes

Transient Allodynia Following Caudal Lipoma Excision: A Case Report

Allodynia is the sensation of pain due to non-painful stimuli. It usually occurs due to destructive lesions of the spinal cord or peripheral nerves. Allodynia following intradural lipoma surgery has been reported previously. We herein report a case of allodynia developed after microsurgical caudal lipoma excision without associated spinal cord injury

El pasillo estrecho. Estados, sociedades y cómo alcanzar la libertad

El pasillo estrecho de Acemoglu y Robinson (2020) podría articularse a la reciente literatura que reflexiona sobre las regresiones autocráticas y la posibilidad de nuevas olas autoritarias, al estilo de Levitsky y Ziblatt (2018). Constituye, en ese sentido, un esfuerzo por mostrar que el cambio político está abierto a un conjunto de resultados diversos, que no necesariamente desembocan en el liberalismo político que F. Fukuyama proclamó como destino infalible

Oxygen and Redox Reactions Contribute to the Protection of Free-Living and Parasite Helminths against Pathogens and/or Host Response

Millions of years ago, the reductive atmosphere environment of Earth was replaced by an oxidative one because of redox reactions. These conditions allowed aerobic organisms to populate the planet and control the toxicity of oxygen. Aerobic organisms began to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) via oxygen redox reactions and used them for their physiology process. Free-living helminths appeared in the early Paleozoic era and parasite helminths in the late same era. Free-living helminths, such as Caenorhabditis elegans and earthworms, have been used as host models to understand their micro pathogen defenses, particularly those associated with ROS. We speculate that the micro pathogens of C. elegans are equivalent to the parasite helminth hosts in terms of generating a worm’s defense response. Therefore, parasite helminths may share similar defense mechanisms to humans, as in C. elegans. This last observation suggests the existence of a conservative pathogen protection process for centuries. This review discusses the evolution of oxygen molecules and redox reactions, as well as of the Earth’s atmosphere, and changes over time in the protection of helminths mechanisms. These mechanisms have been so successful that have improved our understanding and have had a positive impact on humans

Efecto de la congelación sobre la funcionalidad de espermatozoides porcinos y ovinos

Este estudio fue diseñado para evaluar los efectos de la congelación en espermatozoides porcinos y ovinos obtenidos de diferentes granjas comerciales, los cuales fueron congelados con crioprotectores y posteriormente fueron descongelados. Los parámetros de viabilidad, movilidad e integridad del acrosoma fueron evaluados antes y después de la congelación en ambas especies, en donde los porcentajes obtenidos en el grupo control en espermatozoides porcinos fueron de 80% de viabilidad, 79% de movilidad, y 68% de integridad acrosomal, mientras que los porcentajes obtenidos en espermatozoides congelados fueron de 31% de viabilidad, 27% de movilidad y 38% de integridad acrosomal, existiendo diferencias significativas respecto al grupo control, mientras que los porcentajes obtenidos en la especie ovina en el grupo control fueron de 87%, 89% y 56% para los parámetros de viabilidad, movilidad e integridad acrosomal, respectivamente, por otra parte en los espermatozoides congelados de esta especie los porcentajes obtenidos fueron de 54% de viabilidad, 52% de movilidad y 36% de integridad acrosomal, existiendo diferencias significativas entre grupos. Por lo tanto en este trabajo se observó que la especie ovina es más resistente a la congelación respecto a la especie porcina, obteniendo un mayor porcentaje en los tres parámetros evaluados antes y después de la congelación.This study was designed to evaluate the effects of freezing sperm in pigs and sheep obtained from different commercial farms, which were frozen with cryoprotectants and then were thawed. The parameters of viability, motility and acrosome integrity were evaluated before and after freezing in both species, where the percentages obtained in the control group in swine sperm were 80% viability, 79% motility, and 68% acrosome integrity, while the percentages obtained from frozen sperm were 31% viability, 27% motility and 38% of acrosome integrity, with significant differences compared to the control group, while the percentages obtained in sheep in the control group They were 87%, 89% and 56% for the parameters of viability, motility and acrosome integrity, respectively, on the other hand in frozen species sperm percentages obtained were 54% viability, 52% motility and 36% of acrosome integrity, with significant differences between groups. Therefore in this study we observed that sheep are more resistant to freezing regarding swine, getting a higher percentage in the three parameters evaluated before and after freezing

Autodefensas y teoría de juegos

Durante 2013 y 2014 emergieron grupos de autodefensa en diferentes municipios deMichoacán. Este trabajo reconstruye, a partir de teoría de juegos, la interacción entre lasociedad michoacana de Tierra Caliente y los grupos del narcotráfico que dominaron laregión en diferentes períodos -Los Valencia, Los Zetas, La Familia, Los Caballeros templarios-.La historia de esta interacción es dividida en tres procesos históricos, cada unocaracterizado por una lógica situacional diferente. El cambio de preferencias, productodel cambio de lógica situacional, explica en última instancia el surgimiento de los gruposde autodefensas

Índice de Inclusión. Desarrollando el Aprendizaje y la Participación en las Escuelas. Validación de constructo para México

Garantizar una educación de calidad, equitativa e inclusiva es uno de los mayores compromisos y retos que todos los países tienen y a los cuales se enfrentan día a día. El Índice de Inclusión es un instrumento que se ha utilizado como guía para apoyar a los centros escolares en el proceso de la inclusión educativa. La UNESCO propone que se realicen las adaptaciones pertinentes a cada país, ya que los resultados obtenidos con su utilización en Inglaterra y en diferentes países han sido satisfactorios. La presente investigación tuvo como propósito aportar una adaptación como primera evidencia para la posterior validación de constructo y contenido del Índice de Inclusión, Desarrollando el Aprendizaje para la población mexicana. Se trata de un estudio prospectivo, de carácter exploratorio basado en una estrategia de valoraciones realizadas por “jueces” expertos en la Educación Especial. El instrumento está formado por tres dimensiones, seis secciones, 45 indicadores y 499 preguntas. Participaron 34 jueces procedentes de tres instituciones educativas: 14 de un Centro de Atención Múltiple, 10 de una Unidad de Servicio y Apoyo a la Educación Regular y 10 docentes de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. El juicio de expertos se llevó a cabo por medio del método de agregados individuales. Para analizar los acuerdos entre los jueces se utilizaron: el coeficiente de variación, la correlación Rho de Spearman, ANOVA y el Alfa de Cronbach. Adicionalmente se analizaron los comentarios hechos sobre cada reactivo tomando en cuenta si eran favorables, desfavorables, una opinión o sugerencia. Los resultados mostraron acuerdos de todos los jueces en las tres dimensiones; en las secciones únicamente en una se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Respecto a los indicadores, sólo en tres se identificaron diferencias y en las preguntas se pudo observar que en 51 hubo diferencias. Los comentarios aportaron información valiosa respecto a las posibles razones de las diferencias encontradas entre las opiniones de los jueces. Se concluye que el instrumento es útil para evaluar la inclusión educativa en México y que mide el constructo que pretende medir. Sin embargo es necesario realizar la validación de aquellos reactivos en los cuales se encontraron diferencias entre los jueces.One of the biggest commitments and challenges that all countries have and face every day is to warrantee a quality, equitable and inclusive education. The Inclusion Index is a tool that has been used as a guide to help the school centers in the process of educational inclusion. The UNESCO proposes that countries make their necessary adaptations, since the results of using it in England and other countries have been satisfactory. The goal of this research was to contribute with an adaptation as a first evidence for the later validation of the construct and content of the Inclusion Index, Developing the Learning for the Mexican population. It consists of an exploratory study based on a valuation strategy made by expert “judges” on Special Education. The instrument is composed by three dimensions, six sections, 45 indicators and 499 questions. Thirty-four judges from three educational institutions participated: 14 from a Multiple Attention Center, 10 from a Service Unit of Support to Regular Education and 10 teachers from the National Autonomous University of Mexico. The judgement of the experts was performed by the individual aggregated method. To analyze the agreements among the judges were utilized: the variation coefficient, the Spearman’s Rho correlation, ANOVA and Cronbach’s Alfa. Additionally, the comments made on each question were analyzed considering if they were favorable, unfavorable, an opinion or a suggestion. The results showed agreement between the judges in all three dimensions; in the sections only one showed a statistically significant difference. Respect to the indicators, only in three of them there were differences identified and in the questions 51 differences were observed. The comments put in valuable information about the possible reasons of the differences between the judges’ opinions. It is concluded that the instrument is useful to evaluate the educational inclusion in Mexico and it measures the construct it tries to measure. However, it is necessary to do the validation of those items in which there were found differences among the judge

Terrenos híbridos del grabado mexicano

The article attempts to establish the Mexican engraving route during the 80 and 90 decades on the XX century due to the search and experimentation of artistic languages. In that sense, the relationships and links of printmaking with other visual disciplines such as lithography, screen printing, as well as the common themes that these graphic branches have addressed throughout the 20th century are explored. Similarly, as progress was made in innovating techniques and the use of new materials, a new horizon of creative possibilities opened up for pictorial creators in particular and plastic artists in general. The aspect of innovation seemed like a natural path for artists who, when surrounded by machines, processes, and technologies that had been little studied in art, could use them to propose different and original images.; El artículo trata de establecer la ruta del grabado mexicano en los años 80 y 90 del siglo XX debido a la búsqueda y experimentación de lenguajes artísticos. En ese sentido, se exploran las relaciones y los vínculos del grabado con otras disciplinas visuales como la litografía, la serigrafía así como los temas en común que estas vertientes gráficas han abordado a lo largo del siglo XX. De igual manera, conforme se fue avanzando en la innovación de técnicas y el uso de nuevos materiales se abrió para los creadores pictóricos en particular y artistas plásticos en general, un nuevo horizonte de posibilidades creativas. El aspecto de la innovación pareció un camino natural para los artistas que al verse rodeados de máquinas, procesos y tecnologías poco estudiadas en el arte podían ser usadas para proponer imágenes distintas y originales