MeRIT: An interactive annotation tool for mensural rhythms

We introduce MeRIT, the Mensural Rhythm Interpretation Tool, a client-side JavaScript tool that interprets the rhythmic notation of pre-modern polyphonic music using rules derived from contemporary theory. The interpretation derived from the tool is written in standards-compliant MEI, including details of the rules being applied at each point and a fine-grained metrical analysis. We discuss the importance of system modularity and different levels of evaluation and describe a user feedback system that we have implemented, supporting corrections, detailed introspection and evaluation and also pedagogical use, training musicians to read the notation. This user interaction is facilitated by a system architecture that provides an API encapsulation of the MEI interaction, giving annotations provided by the user and interpreter a common interface

Modelle zur computergestützten Analyse von Überlieferungen der Mensuralmusik : Empirische Textforschung im Kontext phylogenetischer Verfahren

Da die Analyse von Überlieferungsprozessen auf die Rekonstruktion von Beziehungen zwischen Quellen abzielt, liegt der Fokus vor allem auf den Unterschieden sehr ähnlicher Objekte. Dies erfordert Substitutionsmodelle, die für feine Grade von Differenz und struktureller Varianz optimiert sind. In diesem Buch wird sich der Entwicklung computergestützter Verfahren zur Analyse der Überlieferung mensuraler Musikquellen gewidmet. Teil I legt mit der Schilderung der Grundannahmen der Filiation von Mensuralmusik und zentraler Konzepte phylogenetischer Analyse die methodischen Grundlagen. Teil II umfasst eine Fallstudie begonnen mit den methodischen und gegenstandsspezifischen Anforderungen, über Fragen zur Kodierung und Sequenzbildung, hin zu einem Ansatz, Substitutionsmodelle mithilfe von Surrogatdatenanalyse zu evaluieren

"WORLD ORDER" IN THE LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL WORLDVIEW OF THE ICONIC LINGUISTIC PERSONALITY OF HENRY KISSINGER

Aim. To analyze the set of language tools used by H. Kissinger for the most vivid and convincing description of various modern political systems, which, to a large extent, reflects the linguistic and cultural worldview of H. Kissinger&rsquo;s linguistic personality.Methodology. In the course of considering the features of ways and means of reflecting an adequate linguistic and cultural worldview of the author, the interdisciplinary approach is used, which includes the possibility of using a set of methods and research techniques for analyzing texts with rich political content, such as component analysis based on dictionary definitions, contextual and comparative analysis.Results. The study of the linguistic and cultural worldview of the iconic linguistic personality of Henry Kissinger on the material of his book "World Order" illustrates the author's peculiar use of rational arguments (reasonableness, accuracy of selected ideologues, political terms and phrases, logical presentation of the material, validity and scrupulousness of the facts presented), expressed by ideologems inherent in this genre of political communication, stable phrases and terms, as well as linguistic means aimed at the emotional side of information perception, both lexical (epithets, metaphors, etc.) and syntactic (paradoxical antithesis constructions).Research implications. The results of the scientific research contribute to the further development of the theory of the linguistic worldview as a clearly structured multilevel system. Its description on the example of the linguistic and cultural picture of various types of the world order, proposed by H. Kissinger, the analysis of the corresponding set of language tools also helps better understand the argumentation of different sides of the political process.</html

Do visual features matter? Studies in phylogenetic analysis of mensural music

This paper reports on the task of developing concepts for a computational analysis of the transmission of mensural music based on concepts of phylogenetic analysis. Since the analysis of transmission aims for the reconstruction of relations between sources, it focuses on the differences of rather similar items. Therefore, it is necessary to find substitution models which are optimized for distinguishing fine levels of differences and to deal with the structural ambiguities and visual variance of mensural notation

Sharing MEI: common semantics in diverse musics?

In this panel, we consider the role of MEI in providing common structures and meanings for heterogeneous musical practices and notations and, to a lesser extent, uses. Drawing on direct experience of working with particular cultural or historical material, we consider the robustness of the fundamental modelling of MEI, and its challenges and strengths. From a practical standpoint, we evaluate strategies for successfully working with MEI, whether through extension of the standard or linking to it from external data structures. We will engage the community with the problems of standardising musical semantics from a non-CMN (Common Music Notation) perspective, and will start the process of developing recommendations for those who wish to engage with the standard to extend further our range of digitised and shareable musics

Modelle zur Analyse von Musiküberlieferung

Da die Analyse von Überlieferungsprozessen auf die Rekonstruktion von Beziehungen zwischen Quellen abzielt, liegt der Fokus vor allem auf den Unterschieden sehr ähnlicher Objekte. Dies erfordert Substitutionsmodelle, die für feine Grade von Differenz und struktureller Varianz optimiert sind. In diesem Buch wird sich der Entwicklung computergestützter Verfahren zur Analyse der Überlieferung mensuraler Musikquellen gewidmet. Teil I legt mit der Schilderung der Grundannahmen der Filiation von Mensuralmusik und zentraler Konzepte phylogenetischer Analyse die methodischen Grundlagen. Teil II umfasst eine Fallstudie begonnen mit den methodischen und gegenstandsspezifischen Anforderungen, über Fragen zur Kodierung und Sequenzbildung, hin zu einem Ansatz, Substitutionsmodelle mithilfe von Surrogatdatenanalyse zu evaluieren.Since the analysis of transmission aims for the reconstruction of relations between sources, it focuses on the differences of rather similar items. Therefore, it is necessary to find substitution models which are optimized for distinguishing fine levels of differences and to deal with the structural ambiguities and visual variance of mensural notation. This book reports on the task of developing concepts for a computational analysis of the transmission of mensural music based on concepts of phylogenetic analysis. Part one lays the theoretical foundations, wrapping the key assumptions of stemmatics for 15th and 16th century mensural music and the computational methods of phylogenetic analysis. Part two covers in a case study the methodological and domain-specific requirements of mensural music, follows main questions of encoding and sequence-building up to an approach utilizing surrogate data analysis to determine the most suitable substitution model for a comparison of sources

music-encoding/music-encoding: MEI 5.0

&lt;p&gt;About version 5.0&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Release 5.0 of MEI focuses primarily on the guidelines, development infrastructure, and consistency, with only limited changes to the specifications. Perhaps the most important additions are the introduction of the MEI Basic customization, and the availability of an auto-generated PDF version of the Guidelines (&lt;a href="https://music-encoding.org/guidelines/v5/content/introduction.html#aboutVersion"&gt;see the guidelines for more details&lt;/a&gt;). The Release Managers for MEI 5.0 were the @music-encoding/technical-team-co-chairs, @bwbohl and @musicEnfanthen .&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Full Changelog&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;a href="https://github.com/music-encoding/music-encoding/compare/v4.0.1...v5.0"&gt;https://github.com/music-encoding/music-encoding/compare/v4.0.1...v5.0&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Music Encoding Initiative schema and guidelines development repository at the time of the MEI 5.0 release.&lt;/p&gt

Durvalumab alone and durvalumab plus tremelimumab versus chemotherapy in previously untreated patients with unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (DANUBE): a randomised, open-label, multicentre, phase 3 trial

Background: Survival outcomes are poor for patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma who receive standard, first-line, platinum-based chemotherapy. We assessed the overall survival of patients who received durvalumab (a PD-L1 inhibitor), with or without tremelimumab (a CTLA-4 inhibitor), as a first-line treatment for metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Methods: DANUBE is an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial in patients with untreated, unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma, conducted at 224 academic research centres, hospitals, and oncology clinics in 23 countries. Eligible patients were aged 18 years or older with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1. We randomly assigned patients (1:1:1) to receive durvalumab monotherapy (1500 mg) administered intravenously every 4 weeks; durvalumab (1500 mg) plus tremelimumab (75 mg) administered intravenously every 4 weeks for up to four doses, followed by durvalumab maintenance (1500 mg) every 4 weeks; or standard-of-care chemotherapy (gemcitabine plus cisplatin or gemcitabine plus carboplatin, depending on cisplatin eligibility) administered intravenously for up to six cycles. Randomisation was done through an interactive voice–web response system, with stratification by cisplatin eligibility, PD-L1 status, and presence or absence of liver metastases, lung metastases, or both. The coprimary endpoints were overall survival compared between the durvalumab monotherapy versus chemotherapy groups in the population of patients with high PD-L1 expression (the high PD-L1 population) and between the durvalumab plus tremelimumab versus chemotherapy groups in the intention-to-treat population (all randomly assigned patients). The study has completed enrolment and the final analysis of overall survival is reported. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02516241, and the EU Clinical Trials Register, EudraCT number 2015-001633-24. Findings: Between Nov 24, 2015, and March 21, 2017, we randomly assigned 1032 patients to receive durvalumab (n=346), durvalumab plus tremelimumab (n=342), or chemotherapy (n=344). At data cutoff (Jan 27, 2020), median follow-up for survival was 41·2 months (IQR 37·9–43·2) for all patients. In the high PD-L1 population, median overall survival was 14·4 months (95% CI 10·4–17·3) in the durvalumab monotherapy group (n=209) versus 12·1 months (10·4–15·0) in the chemotherapy group (n=207; hazard ratio 0·89, 95% CI 0·71–1·11; p=0·30). In the intention-to-treat population, median overall survival was 15·1 months (13·1–18·0) in the durvalumab plus tremelimumab group versus 12·1 months (10·9–14·0) in the chemotherapy group (0·85, 95% CI 0·72–1·02; p=0·075). In the safety population, grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 47 (14%) of 345 patients in the durvalumab group, 93 (27%) of 340 patients in the durvalumab plus tremelimumab group, and in 188 (60%) of 313 patients in the chemotherapy group. The most common grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse event was increased lipase in the durvalumab group (seven [2%] of 345 patients) and in the durvalumab plus tremelimumab group (16 [5%] of 340 patients), and neutropenia in the chemotherapy group (66 [21%] of 313 patients). Serious treatment-related adverse events occurred in 30 (9%) of 345 patients in the durvalumab group, 78 (23%) of 340 patients in the durvalumab plus tremelimumab group, and 50 (16%) of 313 patients in the chemotherapy group. Deaths due to study drug toxicity were reported in two (1%) patients in the durvalumab group (acute hepatic failure and hepatitis), two (1%) patients in the durvalumab plus tremelimumab group (septic shock and pneumonitis), and one (<1%) patient in the chemotherapy group (acute kidney injury). Interpretation: This study did not meet either of its coprimary endpoints. Further research to identify the patients with previously untreated metastatic urothelial carcinoma who benefit from treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors, either alone or in combination regimens, is warranted. Funding: AstraZeneca

Cohort profile. the ESC-EORP chronic ischemic cardiovascular disease long-term (CICD LT) registry

The European Society of cardiology (ESC) EURObservational Research Programme (EORP) Chronic Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease registry Long Term (CICD) aims to study the clinical profile, treatment modalities and outcomes of patients diagnosed with CICD in a contemporary environment in order to assess whether these patients at high cardiovascular risk are treated according to ESC guidelines on prevention or on stable coronary disease and to determine mid and long term outcomes and their determinants in this population