Group membership and its adverse psychological effects in \u3cem\u3eThe Ox-Bow Incident\u3c/em\u3e

This paper examines and analyzes the causes and motivations of groups in the book The Ox-Bow Incident

The Role of Horticultural Therapy in the Treatment of Refugees with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) cites that there are an unprecedented number of refugees. As of 2017, over 68.5 million people have been forcibly displaced from their homes, with 25.4 million of this group being classified as refugees (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, 2018). Often, mental health issues arise from the trauma that they face. Recently, the use of horticultural therapy, which uses gardening and plant-based activities as a form of treatment, has shown mental health improvements in military veterans and active duty soldiers diagnosed with stress related disorders. This paper will describe the role of horticultural therapy use in military veterans and active duty soldiers diagnosed with PTSD and apply these findings to refugee populations suffering from PTSD

Women, men and coronary heart disease: a review of the qualitative literature

Aim. This paper presents a review of the qualitative literature which examines the experiences of patients with coronary heart disease. The paper also assesses whether the experiences of both female and male patients are reflected in the literature and summarizes key themes. Background. Understanding patients' experiences of their illness is important for coronary heart disease prevention and education. Qualitative methods are particularly suited to eliciting patients' detailed understandings and perceptions of illness. As much previous research has been 'gender neutral', this review pays particular attention to gender. Methods. Published papers from 60 qualitative studies were identified for the review through searches in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PREMEDLINE, PsychINFO, Social Sciences Citation Index and Web of Science using keywords related to coronary heart disease. Findings. Early qualitative studies of patients with coronary heart disease were conducted almost exclusively with men, and tended to generalize from 'male' experience to 'human' experience. By the late 1990s this pattern had changed, with the majority of studies including women and many being conducted with solely female samples. However, many studies that include both male and female coronary heart disease patients still do not have a specific gender focus. Key themes in the literature include interpreting symptoms and seeking help, belief about coronary 'candidates' and relationships with health professionals. The influence of social roles is important: many female patients have difficulties reconciling family responsibilities and medical advice, while male patients worry about being absent from work. Conclusions. There is a need for studies that compare the experiences of men and women. There is also an urgent need for work that takes masculinity and gender roles into account when exploring the experiences of men with coronary heart disease

Radical Right Populist Parties in Britain and the Netherlands: Explaining Electoral Success

Radical right-wing populist parties have recently emerged throughout Europe, but the electoral success among these parties is incredibly inconsistent. In the Netherlands, Geert Wilders’ Dutch Party for Freedom (PVV) has become established in the country’s political system, while the British National Party (BNP) and the United Kingdom Independence Party (UKIP) struggle to gain even a single seat in British parliament. Models outlining a formula for the rise and success of populist parties can help explain why some parties achieve an electoral breakthrough and others do not. Researcher of radical right populism Pippa Norris’ model of electoral success is divided into a political demand side that focuses on the public grievances driving these parties, and a political supply side that focuses on internal party activity as well as external factors shaping opportunity structure. This essay compares Britain’s two radical right populist parties, the BNP and the UKIP, with the PVV in the Netherlands, and applies Norris’ framework to explain the greater electoral success of the PVV. It concludes that while Britain and Netherlands are similar in terms of political demand, populist parties have seen more success in the Netherlands because supply-side factors are more favorable

High speed turboprops for executive aircraft, potential and recent test results

Four high speed propeller models were designed and tested in an 8x6 foot wind tunnel in order to evaluate the potential of advanced propeller technology. Results from these tests show that the combination of: increased blade number, aerodynamically integrated propeller/nacelles, reduced blade thickness, spinner area ruling, and blade sweep are important in achieving high propeller efficiency at the high cruise speeds

Simulation of the Eemian Greenland ice sheet

This thesis focuses on the simulation of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) during the Eemian interglacial period (~125,000 years ago). The warm Eemian summers on Greenland are used as a past analogue for future warmer conditions. The aim of this work is a contribution to the improvement of future sea level rise predictions and to better understand how model uncertainties propagate through the chain of models necessary to simulate ice sheet evolution in past climates. Firstly, the influence of surface mass balance (SMB) models and climate model resolution on the simulation of the Eemian SMB is investigated. The corresponding study shows that both, the selection of the SMB model as well as the climate model resolution are essential for simulating the Eemian SMB, and either of these two factors can have a dominating effect on the results. However, which factor dominates the results depends on the climate state (cold or warm) and particularly the prevailing insolation regime. It is shown that an inclusion of insolation in the selected SMB model is essential for the simulated warm early Eemian conditions. Secondly, the influence of SMB forcing on millennial time scale ice sheet modeling is tested. The simulations with two different SMB forcings reveal a large difference in the evolution of the ice sheet, while ice flow sensitivity tests with changed basal friction and changed ice flow approximation show small differences. Thirdly, regional climate simulations with a full surface energy balance model are analyzed focusing on Greenland surface melt. This analysis shows that all Greenland ice core locations, also GRIP near the summit of Greenland, are affected by surface melt during the Eemian interglacial period. Elevated levels of Eemian surface melt indicate that ice cores might be affected more strongly than previously considered. Therefore, caution needs to be applied when interpreting Greenland ice core records from warm periods such as the Eemian interglacial period. This thesis shows that forcing from a single climate model can lead to a wide range of SMBs and ice sheets. To quantify this large uncertainty, a systematic approach of model intercomparison, similar to what is used to constrain future climate projections, is advised. Climate and SMB model biases and uncertainties need to be explored and outliers rejected, to be able to provide a most likely range for the Eemian GrIS topography and its contribution to sea level