Fundraising sources of the so-called Islamic State

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie źródeł pozyskiwania funduszy przez Daesh począwszy od czerpania największych zysków z surowców naturalnych, podatków i wymuszeń przez inne nielegalne procedery związane z porwaniami dla okupu, handlem ludźmi, sprzedażą zrabowanych antyków, aż po wzbogacanie bazy finansowej zagranicznymi dotacjami, przejęciem banków, arbitrażem walutowym czy gromadzeniem pieniędzy za pomocą sieci społecznościowych. Warto zwrócić uwagę na tradycyjny sposób przesyłania pieniędzy przez terrorystów za pomocą systemu hawala oraz nowoczesnych transferów związanych z wykorzystaniem kryptowalut (np. Bitcoin) oraz kart prepaid. Ciągłe zmniejszanie się terenów kontrolowanych przez Daesh oraz utrata populacji niewątpliwie wpływa negatywnie na ich dalsze funkcjonowanie, a tym samym znacznie osłabia dywersyfikację dochodów. Jednak stopniowe zatrzymywanie ekspansji terytorialnej może, lecz nie musi wskazywać na rozpad istniejącego tworuThe aim of the article is to present the finances of Daesh, from making the biggest profits from natural resources, taxation and extortion through other illegal activities related to the kidnapping for ransom, human trafficking, the sale of looted antiques and artifacts, to the enrichment of the financial resources with foreign donations, taking control over banks, currency arbitrage exchange rates or collecting money using modern social networks. Worth noting is the traditional way of transferring money by terrorists using the hawala system and modern transfers related to the use of cryptocurrency (for example Bitcoin) and prepaid cards. The continuous decrease of the areas controlled by Daesh and the loss of its population, undoubtedly has a negative impact on its further functioning, thereby significantly undermining the diversification of income. However, gradual stop in territorial expansion may, but doesn’t have to indicate the breakdown of the existing entit

Comparison of SCORE-predicted risk of death due to cardiovascular events in women before and after menopause

Introduction: Approximately 55% of women in Europe die from cardiovascular events, mostly as a result of coronary diseases and cerebral stroke. There is a 10-year shift in the cardiovascular risk between women and men. The risk in a 55-year-old female patient is similar to that of a 45-year-old man, thus the risk among women increases rapidly around the age of 50, when menopause prevails to occur. The purpose of the study was to assess and compare the SCORE-predicted risk of a fatal cardiovascular incident in pre- and postmenopausal women. Material and methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted as part of community nursing practice. It covered 219 women - inhabitants of Krakow, aged from 30 to 65, without clinically validated cardiovascular diseases of arteriosclerotic and/or diabetic origin, who volunteered to take part in the study. The group was divided into three subgroups: K1 - menstruating women (n = 113), K2a - women after natural menopause (n = 88), and K2b - women after surgical menopause (n = 18). The study made use of a lifestyle questionnaire, which concerned the social and economic status, and lifestyle habits including tobacco smoking. Arterial blood pressure was measured, and total cholesterol concentration in blood (mmol/l) was recorded. Results: A high (≥ 5%) level of the SCORE risk was discovered in 14.3% of postmenopausal women, as compared to 0.9% in the group of menstruating women. An average risk of a fatal cardiovascular incident during the following 10 years was significantly higher among women from groups K2a (2.61%) and K2b (2.32%) as compared to K1 - menstruating women (0.38%). No difference was, however, discovered between groups of naturally (K2a) and surgically menopausal women (K2b). Conclusions: A significantly higher risk of SCORE-predicted death caused by a cardiovascular incident, as compared to the group of women in the premenopausal period, is characteristic of women in the postmenopausal period

Franciszek Xawery Pusłowski officer's coat from the collection of the Jagiellonian University Museum

The presentation of the offi cer's coat dating from 1923 kept in the collection of the Jagiellonian University Museum reminds us of the reform of uniforms in the Polish Army after Poland regained independence and discusses the fashion for a certain type of buttons used by the offi cers in military uniforms. The coat was made by the tailor Moszek (Mojżesz) Spinka. The coat and the rules applicable to tailor-made clothes at the time, the country's economic situation, as well as the coat's connection with the private life of its owner are discussed. The owner, Franciszek Xawery Pusłowski (1875-1968), served in the 8th Prince Józef Poniatowski Uhlans Regiment, was a liaison offi cer to Ignacy Jan Paderewski and deputy aid-de-camp general to the President of the Republic of Poland Stanisław Wojciechowski

Buchach wall hanging from the Estreichers’ drawing room

The wall hanging which adorned the drawing room of the Estreichers - Professor Stanisław Estreicher, the Rector of the Jagiellonian University, and his wife Helena née Longchamps de Berier - was made at the famous textile manufacture of the Count Potocki family, operating in the years 1878-1939 in Buchach, Podoliya. It is one of the textiles which were manufactured in the workshops owned by Oskar Potocki, which on the turn of the 19th/20th century manufactured silk hangings, decorative textiles, fabrics for Polish national costumes (żupan) and Polish sashes. The wall hanging (silk, metallic thread, jacquard technique) with motifs modelled after Italian Renaissance textiles (a rhomboid net created by flower springs with flower bush motifs inside the eyes of the net, and bordure with motifs of palmettes arranged alternately in rows) was made by a weaver from the Nagórzański family, in Count. Oskar Potocki’s workshop, between 1897 and 1904. The Jagiellonian University Museum at Collegium Maius has seven Buchach hangings, including one with the motif of Polish nobility sashes from Ignacy Jan Paderewski’s collection, also manufactured by Oskar Potocki’s workshop

Psychologiczne czynniki bezpieczeństwa lotu próbnego pilotów wojskowych

The aim of the article is to analyze the results of studies of selected personality traits of pilots involved in test flights which may affect their safety at work. Given the characteristics of the profession, we selected three traits: risk appetite, coping with stress, and a sense of control in a work situation. The results indicate that test pilots definitely have a low risk appetite which means they are not taking the risk for pleasure or “thrill”. Their leading style of coping with difficult situations is a style focused on completing a task. They are also individuals with higher than average intensity of feeling of internal control and self-esteem.Celem artykułu jest analiza wyników badań dotyczących wybranych cech osobowości pilotów wykonujących loty próbne, które mogą mieć wpływ na ich bezpieczeństwo w pracy. Biorąc pod uwagę specyfikę tej profesji, wybrano trzy cechy: skłonność do ryzyka, style radzenia sobie ze stresem oraz poczucie kontroli w sytuacji pracy. Wyniki badań wskazują, że piloci oblatywacze mają zdecydowanie niską skłonność do ryzyka, czyli nie podejmują działań ryzykownych dla przyjemności czy „dreszczyku emocji”. Ich wiodącym stylem radzenia sobie w sytuacjach trudnych jest styl skoncentrowany na zadaniu, który charakteryzuje się działaniami skierowanymi na rozwiązanie problemów. Piloci wykonujący próby w locie są również osobami o wyższym niż przeciętne nasileniu poczucia kontroli wewnętrznej, zarówno w sytuacjach życiowych, jak i w sytuacji pracy. Mają zatem wyższą samoocenę, wyżej cenią swoje możliwości, z mniejszym nasileniem przeżywają problemy życiowe, są bardziej aktywni zawodowo i wierzą w możliwość sterowania własnym rozwojem

Makata buczacka z salonu Estreicherów

The wall hanging which adorned the drawing room of the Estreichers – Professor Stanisław Estreicher, the Rector of the Jagiellonian University, and his wife Helena née Longchamps de Berier – was made at the famous textile manufacture of the Count Potocki family, operating in the years 1878–1939 in Buchach, Podoliya. It is one of the textiles which were manufactured in the workshops owned by Oskar Potocki, which on the turn of the 19th/20th century manufactured silk hangings, decorative textiles, fabrics for Polish national costumes (żupan) and Polish sashes. The wall hanging (silk, metallic thread, jacquard technique) with motifs modelled after Italian Renaissance textiles (a rhomboid net created by flower springs with flower bush motifs inside the eyes of the net, and bordure with motifs of palmettes arranged alternately in rows) was made by a weaver from the Nagórzański family, in Count. Oskar Potocki’s workshop, between 1897 and 1904. The Jagiellonian University Museum at Collegium Maius has seven Buchach hangings, including one with the motif of Polish nobility sashes from Ignacy Jan Paderewski’s collection, also manufactured by Oskar Potocki’s workshop

Reakcje wybranych państw Zachodu wobec "Arabskiej Wiosny"

This article deals with the Western countries reaction on “Arab Spring” phenomenon (a revolutionary wave of demonstration and protests against the power of country), especially the United States, Germany and France. The selection of countries was based on the following criteria: first of all, the US is a major power in the World and a member of North Atlantic Treaty Organization; secondly, France and Germany are main European players due to European Union membership. Additionally, France maintains good relations with North African countries, while Germany is more neutral and represents economic power within the European continent, which might gain the trust of Arabic World.Artykuł został poświęcony reakcji krajów zachodniej części globu na zjawisko „Arabskiej Wiosny” (rewolucyjnej fali demonstracji i protestów przeciwko panującej władzy) na przykładzie Stanów Zjednoczonych, Niemiec i Francji. Wybór państw dokonano w oparciu o następujące kryteria: po pierwsze – USA są mocarstwem globalnym i członkiem Sojuszu Północnoatlantyckiego; po drugie – Francja i Niemcy należą do istotnych graczy europejskich ze względu na przynależność do struktur Unii Europejskiej. Dodatkowo Francja posiada dobre relacje z krajami Afryki Północnej, natomiast Niemcy są bardziej neutralne i stanowią potęgę gospodarczą w obrębie własnego kontynentu, co może budzić zaufanie świata arabskiego

Nursing care and dietary procedures in the case of a young patient diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and celiac disease : case study

Introduction: About 15% of patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes might also suffer from celiac disease. Celiac disease accompanying type 1 diabetes may lead to the incidence of hypoglycaemia or ketoacidosis and increased risk of complications such as retinopathy and osteoporosis. Aim of the study: An analysis of the case of a patient suffering from type 1 diabetes and celiac disease and the presentation of a nursing care plan. Material and methods: The study describes the case of an 18-year-old female patient who had just been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and celiac and was hos-pitalised in September 2017. The information about her medical history and condition was obtained by means of an interview, observa-tion, and analysis of medical records with the application of a survey questionnaire, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and the Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS). Case description and analysis: The main problems of the patient were connected with celiac symptoms: acute diarrhoea, calf cramps, and overweight caused by dietary mistakes. The patient’s deficit of knowledge about dietary procedures had a negative impact on her somatic and mental condition. Accord-ing to the AIS scale, the patient showed a moderate acceptance towards her illness (a score of 35). Conclusions: Nursing care provided to patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes and celiac disease should aim at recognising knowledge and skill defi-cits, education, and emotional support. Patients’ failure to follow dietary recommendations, nutritional deficiencies, and incorrect eating habits frequently result not only from an unwillingness to change eating habits but also from low quality of consumed gluten-free prod-ucts