A pandemia da COVID-19 e as mudanças no estilo de vida dos brasileiros adultos: um estudo transversal, 2020

Objective. To describe the changes in lifestyles, regarding to the consumption of tobacco and alcohol, food intake and physical activity, in the period of social restriction resulting from the pandemic of the disease by the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Methods. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Brazil with data from the virtual health survey ConVid (Behavior Survey). Changes in lifestyles were analyzed. The data were expressed in relative frequencies and a 95% confidence interval. Results. 45,161 individuals aged 18 years or more participated. During the period of social restriction, a decrease in the practice of physical activity and an increase in time in front of screens, ingestion of ultra-processed foods, the number of cigarettes smoked and the consumption of alcoholic beverages were reported. Differences were observed according to sex and age group. Conclusion. The results indicate a worsening of lifestyles and an increase in health risk behaviors.Objetivo. Descrever as mudanças nos estilos de vida, quanto ao consumo de tabaco, álcool, alimentação e atividade física, no período de restrição social consequente à pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos. Estudo transversal realizado com dados do inquérito ConVid sobre comportamentos em saúde. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário online autopreenchido pelos participantes. Procedimentos de pós-estratificação foram empregados para o cálculo das prevalências e intervalos de confiança de 95%. Resultados. Participaram 45.161 indivíduos com 18 ou mais anos de idade. Durante o período de restrição social, foi relatada diminuição da prática de atividade física e aumento do tempo em frente a telas, da ingestão de alimentos ultraprocessados, do número de cigarros fumados e do consumo de bebidas alcóolicas. Foram observadas diferenças segundo sexo e faixa etária. Conclusão. Os resultados apontam uma piora dos estilos de vida e aumento de comportamentos de risco à saúde

Relato de tristeza/depressão, nervosismo/ansiedade e problemas de sono na população adulta brasileira durante a pandemia de COVID-19

Objective. To analyze the frequency of sadness, nervousness, and sleep disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil, identifying the most affected demographic segments. Methods. It is a cross-sectional study, with a questionnaire applied via the web to adults and the elderly, collecting information on living conditions, health and health behaviors. Prevalence and prevalence ratios were adjusted for age and sex. Results. With data from 45,161 respondents, it was found that during the pandemic 40.4% (95%CI 41,4; 46,7) of Brazilians often felt sad or depressed and 52.6% (95%CI 51,2; 54,1) often anxious or nervous; 43.5% (95%CI 41,8; 45,3) started to have a sleep problem and 48.0% (95%CI 45,6; 50,5) had a previous sleep problem aggravated. The frequencies of sadness, nervousness and change in sleep were higher in young adults, women and those with a history of depression. Conclusion. The high prevalence found indicates the need to guarantee the provision of services for mental health and quality of sleep that are adapted to the pandemic context.Objetivo. Analisar a frequência de tristeza, nervosismo e alterações do sono durante a pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil, identificando os segmentos demográficos mais afetados. Métodos. Estudo transversal, com questionário aplicado via web a adultos e idosos, coletando informações sobre condições de vida, saúde e comportamentos de saúde. Foram estimadas prevalências e razões de prevalência ajustadas por idade e sexo. Resultados. Com dados de 45.161 respondentes, verificou-se que, durante a pandemia, 40,4% (IC95% 39,0; 41,8) dos brasileiros sentiram-se frequentemente tristes ou deprimidos e 52,6% (IC95% 51,2; 54,1) frequentemente ansiosos ou nervosos; 43,5% (IC95% 41,8; 45,3) relataram início de problemas de sono e 48,0% (IC95% 45,6; 50,5) problema de sono prévio agravado. A tristeza e o nervosismo frequentes e as alterações do sono estiveram mais presentes entre adultos jovens, mulheres e pessoas com antecedente de depressão. Conclusão. As elevadas prevalências encontradas indicam a necessidade de garantir a provisão de serviços de atenção à saúde mental e à qualidade do sono de forma adaptada ao contexto pandêmico

Mudanças nas condições socioeconômicas e de saúde dos brasileiros durante a pandemia de covid-19

Objective: To describe changes in socioeconomic and health conditions of Brazilians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: Cross-sectional study with data from a web-based behavioral survey data carried out from April 24 to May 24, 2020 with 45,161 participants recruited by chain sampling procedure. A descriptive analysis of the survey topics was performed: adherence to social restriction measures, diagnosis of the new coronavirus, work situation and income, difficulties in routine activities, presence of comorbidities, psychological issues, and access to health services. Prevalence and respective 95% confidence intervals were estimated. Results: Approximately 74% of Brazilians adhered to social restrictions. As for flu symptoms, 28.1% reported having at least one flu symptom, but only 5.9% underwent testing for covid-19. Regarding the socioeconomic impact, 55.1% reported a decrease in family income, and 7.0% were left without income; 25.8% of people lost their jobs, with the group of informal workers being the most affected (50.6%). As for health conditions, 29.4% reported worsening of health status; 45% having sleep problems; 40% frequently presented feelings of sadness and 52.5% of anxiety; 21.7% sought health care, and among them, 13.9% did not get care. Conclusion: The findings show the importance of controlling the covid-19 pandemic in Brazil, to mitigate the adverse effects on the socioeconomic and health conditions related to social restriction measures.Objetivo: Descrever as mudanças nas condições socioeconômicas e de saúde dos brasileiros durante a pandemia de covid-19. Metodologia: Estudo transversal com dados de pesquisa de comportamentos realizada pela internet de 24 de abril a 24 de maio, 2020 com 45.161 participantes recrutados por amostragem em cadeia. Foi realizada uma análise descritiva de temas abordados na pesquisa: adesão às medidas de restrição social, diagnóstico do novo coronavírus, situação de trabalho e rendimentos, dificuldades nas atividades de rotina, presença de comorbidades, estado de ânimo e acesso aos serviços de saúde. Foram estimadas as prevalências e intervalos de 95% de confiança. Resultados: Aproximadamente 74% dos brasileiros aderiram à restrição social. Quanto aos sintomas de gripe, 28,1% relatou ter apresentado algum sintoma, mas apenas 5,9% realizou teste para covid-19. Em relação à situação socioeconômica, 55,1% relataram diminuição do rendimento familiar, e 7,0% ficaram sem rendimento; 25,8% dos indivíduos ficaram sem trabalhar, sendo o grupo de trabalhadores informais o mais afetado (50,6%). Quanto às condições de saúde, 29,4% avaliaram que a sua saúde piorou; 45% tiveram problemas no sono, 40% apresentou, frequentemente, sentimento de tristeza e 52,5% de ansiedade/nervosismo; 21,7% procurou serviço de saúde, e, entre esses, 13,9% não conseguiu atendimento. Conclusão: Os achados mostram a importância do controle da pandemia de covid-19, no Brasil, para mitigar os efeitos adversos na situação socioeconômica e nas condições de saúde relacionados às medidas de restrição social

Distanciamento social, sentimento de tristeza e estilos de vida da população brasileira durante a pandemia de COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has had biopsychosocial impacts on individual and collective health. The aim of the study was to analyze adherence to social distance, the repercussions on mood and changes in the lifestyles of the Brazilian adult population during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a cross-sectional study with adult individuals living in Brazil (n = 45,161) who participated in the virtual health survey ConVid - Behavior Survey, from April 24 to May 24, 2020. Data collection was performed via web, using a self-administered questionnaire. The prevalence and 95% confidence interval of the studied variables were calculated. Of the sample studied, only 1.5% led normal lives, without any social restrictions and 75% stayed at home, of which 15% stayed strictly at home. The frequent feelings of sadness or depression (35.5%), isolation (41.2%) and anxiety (41.3%) were reported by a large part of the studied population. It was found that 17% of participants reported increased consumption of alcoholic beverages and 34% of smokers increased the number of cigarettes. There was an increase in the consumption of unhealthy foods and a reduction in the practice of physical activity in the period studied. It was concluded that there was a high adherence to social distance and an increase in feelings of sadness, depression and anxiety, as well as an increase in the consumption of unhealthy foods, use of alcoholic beverages and cigarettes and a reduction in the practice of physical activity. These changes are worrying and can result in damage to individual and collective health in the medium and long term.A pandemia de COVID-19 acarretou impactos biopsicossociais à saúde individual e coletiva. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a adesão ao distanciamento social, as repercussões no estado de ânimo e mudanças nos estilos de vida da população adulta brasileira durante o início da pandemia da COVID-19. Trata-se de estudo transversal com indivíduos adultos residentes no Brasil (n = 45.161) que participaram do inquérito de saúde virtual ConVid - Pesquisa de Comportamentos, no período de 24 de abril a 24 de maio de 2020. A coleta de dados foi realizada via web, utilizando-se de um questionário autopreenchido. Foram calculadas as prevalências e intervalo de 95% de confiança das variáveis estudadas. Da amostra estudada, apenas 1,5% levou vida normal, sem nenhuma restrição social e 75% ficaram em casa, sendo que destes 15% ficaram rigorosamente em casa. Os sentimentos frequentes de tristeza ou depressão (35,5%), isolamento (41,2%) e ansiedade (41,3%) foram reportados por grande parte da população estudada. Verificou-se 17% dos participantes reportaram aumento do consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e de 34% dos fumantes aumentaram o número de cigarros. Observou-se aumento no consumo de alimentos não saudáveis e redução da prática de atividade física no período estudado. Conclui-se que houve elevada adesão ao distanciamento social e aumento dos sentimentos de tristeza, depressão e ansiedade, bem como aumento de consumo de alimentos não saudáveis, uso de bebidas alcóolicas e cigarros e redução da prática de atividade física. Essas mudanças são preocupantes e podem resultar em danos à saúde individual e coletiva a médio e longo prazo. &nbsp

The social geography of HIV/AIDS among injection drug users in Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2010-08-23T16:58:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 license.txt: 1848 bytes, checksum: 188238c8fb233e688ef094eb919ffdc4 (MD5) LANDMANN_BASTOS_Social Geography of HIV_2002.pdf: 470231 bytes, checksum: 509523dd7ca71956b37a79975200b0b6 (MD5) LANDMANN_BASTOS_Social Geography of HIV_2002.pdf.txt: 33957 bytes, checksum: dab81b83e2c7de23522f4bbc939deeff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-06Made available in DSpace on 2010-11-04T14:20:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 LANDMANN_BASTOS_Social Geography of HIV_2002.pdf.txt: 33957 bytes, checksum: dab81b83e2c7de23522f4bbc939deeff (MD5) LANDMANN_BASTOS_Social Geography of HIV_2002.pdf: 470231 bytes, checksum: 509523dd7ca71956b37a79975200b0b6 (MD5) license.txt: 1848 bytes, checksum: 188238c8fb233e688ef094eb919ffdc4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-06Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Informação Científica e Tecnológica. Departamento de Informação em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Informação Científica e Tecnológica. Departamento de Informação em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Informação Científica e Tecnológica. Departamento de Informação em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.The paper addresses the socio-geographical spread of HIV/AIDS among injection drug users (IDUs) in Brazil, highlighting patterns and trends of the epidemic in different Brazilian regions. Data relative to the Southeast are reviewed and original analyses for the South are presented. The results indicate that the epidemic is diminishing in the Southeast, after a significant increase in the late 1980s, following major cocaine trafficking routes. On the other hand, the AIDS epidemic is far from leveling off in the South. In this region, IDUs have been pivotal in the dynamics of the epidemics. This explains, at least partially, the recent spread in the South, affecting a large number of women, most of them partners of IDUs, and their offspring, and contributing for a less significant decline of AIDS related deaths, when compared with other Brazilian regions

Drug use and the spread of HIV/AIDS in South America and the Caribbean

Made available in DSpace on 2010-08-23T16:58:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 Bastos_Drug Use and the spread_1999.pdf: 534438 bytes, checksum: e22d008e016510cf356ac2750f308788 (MD5) license.txt: 1842 bytes, checksum: b8f0339a8ae93f9be705fcc9a4eafe46 (MD5) Bastos_Drug Use and the spread_1999.pdf.txt: 58042 bytes, checksum: 56b72e9ffbdae72baf697a38bc45c612 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1999Made available in DSpace on 2010-11-04T14:19:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 Bastos_Drug Use and the spread_1999.pdf.txt: 58042 bytes, checksum: 56b72e9ffbdae72baf697a38bc45c612 (MD5) license.txt: 1842 bytes, checksum: b8f0339a8ae93f9be705fcc9a4eafe46 (MD5) Bastos_Drug Use and the spread_1999.pdf: 534438 bytes, checksum: e22d008e016510cf356ac2750f308788 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1999Department of Health Information (DIS/CICT), Oswaldo Cruz FoundationJohns Hopkins University. School of Hygiene and Public Health. Department of Epidemiology. Infectious Diseases Program. Baltimore, MD, USA.Department of Health Information (DIS/CICT), Oswaldo Cruz FoundationDepartment of Health Information (DIS/CICT), Oswaldo Cruz FoundationABSTRACT We review available data on drug use with respect to the spread of HIV/AIDS in South America and the Caribbean. Although many information gaps remain, the emerging picture clearly shows the significant role of both injected cocaine and crack cocaine in the Brazilian epidemic, and the increasingly large role of injecting cocaine in the Southern Cone. The Caribbean and the Ande an regions are thus far spared from extensive diffusion of injecting drugs and its consequences. However, the se regions are now experiencing a significant transition, in terms of an increasing role of crack cocaine in the Caribbean HIV/AIDS epidemic, and the recent introduction of he roin and initiation of drug injection in the Ande an region. Harm-reduction strategies are being implemented for the first time in recent ye ars after a long de lay, but remain primarily restricted to Brazil, and to a lesser extent, Argentina. Yet even in the se settings, harm-reduction programme s such as needle-exchange programme s face considerable challenge s with respect to restrictive legislation and lack of broader suppor

Evaluation of operational conditions in the Adolescent Health Care Program, Rio de Janeiro

Made available in DSpace on 2010-08-23T16:58:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 license.txt: 1848 bytes, checksum: 71328e1619a18db095375cdb4adce9cb (MD5) LANDMANN_Avaliacao das Condicoes de Atendimento_2002.pdf: 1786556 bytes, checksum: e6fa1ff17d1c5f571c63d7f367897803 (MD5) LANDMANN_Avaliacao das Condicoes de Atendimento_2002.pdf.txt: 41709 bytes, checksum: 152fe25af4eb0a395749126519be9776 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-06Made available in DSpace on 2010-11-04T14:20:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 LANDMANN_Avaliacao das Condicoes de Atendimento_2002.pdf.txt: 41709 bytes, checksum: 152fe25af4eb0a395749126519be9776 (MD5) LANDMANN_Avaliacao das Condicoes de Atendimento_2002.pdf: 1786556 bytes, checksum: e6fa1ff17d1c5f571c63d7f367897803 (MD5) license.txt: 1848 bytes, checksum: 71328e1619a18db095375cdb4adce9cb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-06Núcleo de Estudos da Saúde do Adolescente. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Informação Científica e Tecnológica. Departamento de Informações em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Informação Científica e Tecnológica. Departamento de Informações em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Informação Científica e Tecnológica. Departamento de Informações em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Informação Científica e Tecnológica. Departamento de Informações em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.A pesquisa consistiu no estudo das condições básicas para a prestação da atenção integral aos adolescentes nas Unidades de Saúde (US) do Município do Rio de Janeiro. Inicialmente aplicou-se um questionário estruturado aos coordenadores de 70 centros e postos de saúde (70/ 78). Em seguida, com os resultados obtidos, criou-se um índice que sintetizava as condições básicas oferecidas para a prestação do atendimento e procedeu-se a estratificação da rede pública ambulatorial. O estudo espacial da concentração da população adolescente e de seus principais problemas deu origem a três mapas temáticos. Entre as 70 US estudadas, 49 participavam do Programa de Saúde do Adolescente (PROSAD). Destas, 12% foram classificadas como em "boas" condições e 45% como "regulares". O estudo espacial demonstrou que somente seis, das 17 US situadas nas áreas de maior densidade demográfica, estavam em condições boas ou regulares. Concluiu-se que, para aumentar a efetividade do PROSAD do Município do Rio de Janeiro, deve-se melhorar as condições dos profissionais para prestar atenção integral a este grupo etário, levando em consideração os problemas de saúde em nível local, a densidade demográfica da população adolescente por área geográfica e a demanda de serviços.This study focuses on conditions in the public health centers providing comprehensive care to the adolescent population in the city of Rio de Janeiro. A structured questionnaire was administered to the coordinators of 70 public health centers (70/78). Based on the data, the public health centers were stratified according to basic conditions for providing full care to adolescents. The authors developed a spatial study of the demographic concentration and main problems, producing thematic maps. Of the 49 public health centers that participate in the Adolescent Health Program, 12% were classified in “good” condition and 45% were considered “fair”. Among the administrative regions with the highest concentration of adolescents, only six (6/17) were in good or fair condition. The authors conclude that to increase the effectiveness of the city’s Adolescent Health Program it is necessary to improve the working conditions of their health staff, taking local health problems, the concentration of adolescents, and their demands for services into account

Health conditions and residential concentration of poverty: a study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2010-08-23T16:58:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 license.txt: 1848 bytes, checksum: 2b7bd2abd0f0e4176de49ec554cf290c (MD5) BARCELLOS_LANDMANN_BASTOS_Health Conditions RJ_2000.pdf: 357024 bytes, checksum: 83aebb891d1e4ffea4b422ea8f9293ba (MD5) BARCELLOS_LANDMANN_BASTOS_Health Conditions RJ_2000.pdf.txt: 30656 bytes, checksum: c27649c3ff059c11d71a3264915358e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000-07Made available in DSpace on 2010-11-04T14:19:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 BARCELLOS_LANDMANN_BASTOS_Health Conditions RJ_2000.pdf.txt: 30656 bytes, checksum: c27649c3ff059c11d71a3264915358e8 (MD5) BARCELLOS_LANDMANN_BASTOS_Health Conditions RJ_2000.pdf: 357024 bytes, checksum: 83aebb891d1e4ffea4b422ea8f9293ba (MD5) license.txt: 1848 bytes, checksum: 2b7bd2abd0f0e4176de49ec554cf290c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000-07Funding: this research was funded by an Oswaldo Cruz Foundation grant (PAPES no 0250.250.369), and the National Research Council (CNPq; salary grants for CLS, FIB and CB).Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Department of Information on Health. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Department of Information on Health. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Department of Information on Health. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Department of Information on Health. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. Department of Information on Health. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.STUDY OBJECTIVESTo establish the geographical relation of health conditions to socioeconomic status in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. DESIGNAll reported deaths in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, from 1987 to 1995, obtained from the Mortality Information System, were considered in the study. The 24 "administrative regions" that compose the city were used as the geographical units. A geographical information system (GIS) was used to link mortality data and population census data, and allowed the authors to establish the geographical pattern of the health indicators considered in this study: "infant mortality rate"; "standardised mortality rate"; "life expectancy" and "homicide rate". Information on location of low income communities (slums) was also provided by the GIS. A varimax rotation principal component analysis combined information on socioeconomic conditions and provided a two dimension basis to assess contextual variation. MAIN RESULTSThe 24 administrative regions were aggregated into three different clusters, identified as relevant to reflect the socioeconomic variation. Almost all health indicator thematic maps showed the same socioeconomic stratification pattern. The worst health situation was found in the cluster composed of the harbour area and northern vicinity, precisely in the sector where the highest concentration of slum residents are present. This sector of the city exhibited an extremely high homicide rate and a seven year lower life expectancy than the remainder of the city. The sector that concentrates affluence, composed of the geographical units located along the coast, showed the best health situation. Intermediate health conditions were found in the west area, which also has poor living standards but low concentration of slums. CONCLUSIONSThe findings suggest that social and organisation characteristics of low income communities may have a relevant role in understanding health variations. Local health and other social programmes specifically targeting these communities are recommended

Linkage of environmental and health data: health risk analysis of the Rio de Janeiro water supply using Geographical Information Systems

Made available in DSpace on 2010-08-23T16:58:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 license.txt: 1848 bytes, checksum: 91e3e8675022d3b5bafaf2bca961e4cd (MD5) BARCELLOS_Inter-relacionamento de dados ambientais e de saude_1998.pdf: 1072358 bytes, checksum: 555f6abe17b2e582e37d76bfe20511d1 (MD5) BARCELLOS_Inter-relacionamento de dados ambientais e de saude_1998.pdf.txt: 34386 bytes, checksum: bbbec9bb4ab08d69bcb0f4f3363fee82 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1998-07Made available in DSpace on 2010-11-04T14:19:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 BARCELLOS_Inter-relacionamento de dados ambientais e de saude_1998.pdf.txt: 34386 bytes, checksum: bbbec9bb4ab08d69bcb0f4f3363fee82 (MD5) BARCELLOS_Inter-relacionamento de dados ambientais e de saude_1998.pdf: 1072358 bytes, checksum: 555f6abe17b2e582e37d76bfe20511d1 (MD5) license.txt: 1848 bytes, checksum: 91e3e8675022d3b5bafaf2bca961e4cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 1998-07Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia. Departamento de Informações em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia. Departamento de Informações em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia. Departamento de Informações em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia. Departamento de Informações em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia. Departamento de Informações em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia. Departamento de Informações em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.O inter-relacionamento de dados ambientais e sanitários, necessário na avaliação da exposição de grupos populacionais a fatores de risco, é dificultado pela defasagem no tempo e espaço destes conjuntos de dados. Neste trabalho utilizaram-se como bases de dados georreferenciadas: os setores censitários, que contêm informações sobre a forma com que são abastecidos os domicílios; a rede de abastecimento de água, seus principais mananciais e reservatórios; a qualidade da água, segundo programa de monitoramento. Mediante operações espaciais entre estas camadas, foram localizados e quantificados grupos populacionais submetidos a risco, de acordo com diferentes critérios. Grande parte dos riscos associados ao abastecimento de água encontram-se localizados na encosta norte do Maciço da Tijuca, e na Zona Oeste, onde a população procura formas alternativas de abastecimento. Em razão das diferentes origens, objetivos e estruturas dos dados, os Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG) podem ser utilizados como instrumento de organização, de validação destes dados e de verificação de possíveis inconsistências.Exposure assessment of population groups is based on linkage of environmental and health data. This relationship can be hard to establish due to spatial and temporal lags in data sets. GIS can be used as a basis for organizing health-related and environmental data sets. We examined potential health risk in the Rio de Janeiro city water supply based on the overlay of information layers containing data on the presence and quality of water supply services. We used census tracts as the primary georeferenced data, since they contain information on how households are supplied, water supply pipes, sources, and reservoirs, and water quality according to the monitoring program. Population groups exposed to risks were located and quantified using spatial operations among these layers and adopting different risk criteria. The main problems related to water supply are located on the northern slope of the Tijuca Mountain Range and in the western area of the city of Rio, where the population relies on alternative water supply sources. The different origins, objectives, and structures of data have to be analyzed critically, and GIS can be used as a data validation tool as well as an instrument for detailed identification of inconsistencies

Associations of Sociodemographic Factors and Health Behaviors with the Emotional Well-Being of Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil

This cross-sectional study utilizes data from a nationwide web-based survey aimed to identify the factors affecting the emotional well-being of Brazilian adolescents aged 12–17 during the period of school closures and confinement. Data collection took place from 27 June to 17 September 2020. We used the “virtual snowball” sampling method, and students from private and public schools were included. A total of 9470 adolescents were analyzed. A hierarchical logistic regression model was used to find the factors associated with reporting at least two of three self-reported problems—sadness, irritability, and sleep problems. The main proximal factor was loneliness (AdjOR = 8.12 p < 0.001). Problems related to school closures also played an important role. Regular intake of fruits and vegetables, as well as physical activity, demonstrated a positive influence on emotional well-being, while excessive screen time (AdjOR = 2.05, p < 0.001) and alcohol consumption negatively affected outcomes (AdjOR = 1.73, p < 0.001). As for distal variables, less affluent adolescents were the most affected, and males reported fewer emotional problems than females. Uncertainty regarding the disease in a context of socioeconomic vulnerability, together with rises in unhealthy behaviors and isolation from their immediate social circles, have negatively affected adolescents’ emotional status throughout the COVID-19 pandemic