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Bastos_Drug Use and the spread_1999.pdf: 534438 bytes, checksum: e22d008e016510cf356ac2750f308788 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 1999Department of Health Information (DIS/CICT), Oswaldo Cruz FoundationJohns Hopkins University. School of Hygiene and Public Health. Department of Epidemiology. Infectious Diseases Program. Baltimore, MD, USA.Department of Health Information (DIS/CICT), Oswaldo Cruz FoundationDepartment of Health Information (DIS/CICT), Oswaldo Cruz FoundationABSTRACT We review available data on drug use with respect to the spread of HIV/AIDS in South America and the Caribbean. Although many information gaps
remain, the emerging picture clearly shows the significant role of both injected cocaine
and crack cocaine in the Brazilian epidemic, and the increasingly large role of injecting
cocaine in the Southern Cone. The Caribbean and the Ande an regions are thus far spared from extensive diffusion of injecting drugs and its consequences. However, the se regions are now experiencing a significant transition, in terms of an increasing role of crack
cocaine in the Caribbean HIV/AIDS epidemic, and the recent introduction of he roin and
initiation of drug injection in the Ande an region. Harm-reduction strategies are being
implemented for the first time in recent ye ars after a long de lay, but remain primarily
restricted to Brazil, and to a lesser extent, Argentina. Yet even in the se settings, harm-reduction programme s such as needle-exchange programme s face considerable
challenge s with respect to restrictive legislation and lack of broader suppor
