L'acculturation alimentaire des immigrants récents de l'Afrique de l'ouest francophone établis à Montréal : une analyse écologique

Cette recherche descriptive et exploratoire vise à décrire le phénomène de l'acculturation alimentaire auprès des immigrants récents originaires de l'Afrique de l'Ouest francophone établis à Montréal. À travers une approche écologique et sous l'angle de la communication pour la santé, notre motivation première est de cerner le besoin et la pertinence d'élaborer des programmes de sensibilisation et d'éducation à la santé alimentaire pour les nouveaux arrivants.\ud Nos objectifs de recherche, au nombre de quatre, sont de décrire les habitudes alimentaires des immigrants avant et après leur arrivée à Montréal, d'identifier les facteurs d'acculturation alimentaire qui interviennent auprès des membres de cette communauté et de cerner les conceptions des immigrants relatives à l'alimentation et à la santé, ainsi que leur degré de connaissance et leur intérêt au sujet du discours alimentaire canadien. Pour y arriver nous avons privilégié une combinaison de méthodes qualitatives et quantitatives. Les principaux résultats obtenus démontrent que les immigrants de l'Afrique de l'Ouest francophone sont faiblement acculturés et conservent, par conséquent, en grande partie leurs habitudes alimentaires d'origine. Leur conception de l'alimentation et de la santé demeurent empreints des valeurs africaines, alors que leur niveau de connaissance envers le discours alimentaire local est faible et leur intérêt limité. Les principaux facteurs d'acculturation identifiés sont l'emploi du temps et l'habitude acquise au fil du temps ainsi que la solitude et l'individualisme entourant les repas. En outre, nous proposons une typologie et un modèle chronologique des modes d'acculturation alimentaires qui traduisent avec justesse ce phénomène auprès du groupe culturel que nous avons étudié. Finalement, nous en sommes venus à la conclusion qu'il existe un besoin réel pour l'élaboration de programmes d'éducation et de sensibilisation alimentaire auprès des membres de cette communauté culturelle. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Acculturation alimentaire, Habitudes alimentaires, Immigration, Afrique de l'ouest francophone, Approche écologique de la santé

Production of Single Cell Protein and Astaxanthin Using Methanol as Carbon Source

Singlecell protein (SCP) is the biomass of unicellular organisms, such as bacteria or yeast, which is used commonly as a food source for animals. With a high protein content, a broad amino acid profile, and the ability to produce essential organic compounds and vitamins, SCP is a promising alternative to other classical sources of animal feed. Several processes have been developed to manufacture SCP for use in feedstocks for the sustainable farming of fish and other aquatic life, or aquaculture, which is one of the fastest growing food markets in the world. Here, a process is presented for the production of 8,800 MT of SCP per year using methanotrophic bacteria with methanol as the carbon source. To increase process profitability, the cells will be genetically engineered to produce astaxanthin, a carotenoid pigment found naturally in aquatic algae. When used as a feed supplement for farmed salmon, these SCP will serve as a nutritional additive and ensure that the salmon possess the pink pigmentation consumers expect. The final product is SCP with 0.3% by weight astaxanthin sold for $16,500/MT. The high market price of astaxanthin significantly improves the profitability of the process. According to a 10year profitability analysis, the predicted IRR is 41.9$129,000,000. In the third production year, the ROI will be 56.0%

Chess games study & prediction through the use of Web-Scraping and regression analysis

La predicción del resultado de partidas de ajedrez usando distintos tipos de Análisis de Regresión. Regresión Logística tomando la diferencia de los Rating Elo de los jugadores involucrados y Regresión basada en distancias haciendo uso de variables explicativas no-cuantitativas. A partir de la obtención de los resultados, una comparación y análisis entre ellos fue llevado a cabo. Para la obtención de la data se hizo uso de técnicas de Web Scraping y funciones de Regular Expressions (detección de patrones en 'strings') y así tenerla en un formato con el cual se pudiese trabajar. El desarrollo del proyecto (tanto la parte de Web Scraping como la parte del análisis de regresión) se hizo con el Software R

Proyecto de estructura de hormigón, forjados y cimentación en situación sísmica y proyecto de instalaciones eléctricas e hidráulicas para un edificio de viviendas con 8 plantas ubicado en Murcia

[ES] Calcular y diseñar el sistema estructural de la edificación en situación sísmica. Realizar el cálculo y diseño de la instalación eléctrica y la instalación de agua y A.C.S, y evacuación de aguas residuales y pluviales. La edificación en estudio tiene ocho (8) plantas constituidas por una sola vivienda en cada planta de más de 300 metros cuadrados, y en total se tiene unos 2655 metros cuadrados de construcción. Este edificio se ubicara en Murcia donde se tiene una acción sísmica significante.Pillarella, LMDJ. (2020). Proyecto de estructura de hormigón, forjados y cimentación en situación sísmica y proyecto de instalaciones eléctricas e hidráulicas para un edificio de viviendas con 8 plantas ubicado en Murcia. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/161815TFG

Downtown Athol: A Revitalization Plan (Athol, MA)

The goal of the Master of Regional Planning Studio is to develop a student’s techniques for collecting, analyzing, and synthesizing spatial and non-spatial data and then presenting that collective data in a manner (i.e., report, video, presentation, and charettes) that is understandable to academics, professionals, and the public. Planning Studio allows students to integrate knowledge from coursework and research, and apply such knowledge to resolving representative planning problems. At UMASS Amherst, these problems are found in neighborhood, rural, urban, and/or regional settings. In the fall of 2014, three local governments contracted with the MRP Studio to create separate vision plans that focused on key aspects of community revitalization. Like other New England mill towns, the Town of Athol has been subject to the economic shocks of the last half century, which has seen major industries relocate out of state or off-shore. The consequences of the loss of major industry can be seen boarded up factory buildings and a Main Street struggling to maintain its identity. Athol tasked the graduate student team (Millers River Consulting) with delivering creative, out-of-the-box suggestions to help revitalize its downtown

Managing Polypharmacy in Older Adults with Cancer Across Different Healthcare Settings.

The care of older patients with cancer is becoming increasingly complex. Common challenges for this population include management of comorbidities, safe transitions of care, and appropriate medication use. In particular, polypharmacy-generally defined as the regular use of five or more medications-and inappropriate medication use can lead to adverse effects and poor outcomes in older adults with cancer, including falls, hospital readmissions, cognitive impairment, poor adherence to essential medications, chemotherapy toxicity, and increased mortality. Managing polypharmacy across different cancer care settings is often challenging. Providers face barriers to safe and successful medication management that may include lack of time, absence of reimbursement, underappreciation of the scale of polypharmacy-related harm, lack of ownership of deprescribing efforts, and poor communication across care settings. Existing literature on managing inappropriate medication use and polypharmacy in older adults with cancer has often focused on ideal state settings in which resources are plentiful and time is purposefully allocated for medication interventions. This paper presents a narrative, rather than a systematic review, of studies published in the past decade that provided detailed information on medication management and polypharmacy across cancer care settings. This review aims to also summarize different healthcare provider roles in taking action against inappropriate medication use and polypharmacy in older adults with cancer

Corrigendum: The Economic Impact of a Switch From Prescription-Only to Non-prescription Drugs in Italy

The paper analyses the potential economic impact of switching drugs from prescription-only to over the counter status, using Italy as a case-study. The study assumes a societal perspective, investigating the effects of switches (and consequent delisting) on drugs spending, avoided visits by GPs (General Practitioners) and avoided time spent by patients for these visits. It overcomes the main pitfalls of previous studies, providing a rational for listing switchable products and applying both a static (no impact of switch on prices and volumes consumed) and a dynamic approach (impact on pricing policies and volumes depending on price-elasticity). Different scenarios were assumed including shorter/longer time spent for visits and inclusion/exclusion of the economic value of time of retiree patients. Results show that switching policy provides with societal savings ranging from 1 to 2.1 1 billion Euro. The economic impact on patients is less straightforward and depends on the scenarios used. If a longer time is spent on visits, the economic value of this time will compensate the cost of the switch to patients due to delisting. Despite the net economic benefit should be carefully interpreted, the results demonstrate how switching can contribute to the sustainability of the health care system in the middle-long run thanks to the more rational use of resources, combined with an increased awareness and responsibility of the involved stakeholders

The Economic Impact of a Switch From Prescription-Only to Non-prescription Drugs in Italy

The paper analyses the potential economic impact of switching drugs from prescription-only to over the counter status, using Italy as a case-study. The study assumes a societal perspective, investigating the effects of switches (and consequent delisting) on drugs spending, avoided visits by GPs (General Practitioners) and avoided time spent by patients for these visits. It overcomes the main pitfalls of previous studies, providing a rational for listing switchable products and applying both a static (no impact of switch on prices and volumes consumed) and a dynamic approach (impact on pricing policies and volumes depending on price-elasticity). Different scenarios were assumed including shorter/longer time spent for visits and inclusion/exclusion of the economic value of time of retiree patients. Results show that switching policy provides with societal savings ranging from 1 to 2.1 1 billion Euro. The economic impact on patients is less straightforward and depends on the scenarios used. If a longer time is spent on visits, the economic value of this time will compensate the cost of the switch to patients due to delisting. Despite the net economic benefit should be carefully interpreted, the results demonstrate how switching can contribute to the sustainability of the health care system in the middle-long run thanks to the more rational use of resources, combined with an increased awareness and responsibility of the involved stakeholders

A local glucose-and oxygen concentration-based insulin secretion model for pancreatic islets

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Because insulin is the main regulator of glucose homeostasis, quantitative models describing the dynamics of glucose-induced insulin secretion are of obvious interest. Here, a computational model is introduced that focuses not on organism-level concentrations, but on the quantitative modeling of local, cellular-level glucose-insulin dynamics by incorporating the detailed spatial distribution of the concentrations of interest within isolated avascular pancreatic islets.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>All nutrient consumption and hormone release rates were assumed to follow Hill-type sigmoid dependences on local concentrations. Insulin secretion rates depend on both the glucose concentration and its time-gradient, resulting in second-and first-phase responses, respectively. Since hypoxia may also be an important limiting factor in avascular islets, oxygen and cell viability considerations were also built in by incorporating and extending our previous islet cell oxygen consumption model. A finite element method (FEM) framework is used to combine reactive rates with mass transport by convection and diffusion as well as fluid-mechanics.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The model was calibrated using experimental results from dynamic glucose-stimulated insulin release (GSIR) perifusion studies with isolated islets. Further optimization is still needed, but calculated insulin responses to stepwise increments in the incoming glucose concentration are in good agreement with existing experimental insulin release data characterizing glucose and oxygen dependence. The model makes possible the detailed description of the intraislet spatial distributions of insulin, glucose, and oxygen levels. In agreement with recent observations, modeling also suggests that smaller islets perform better when transplanted and/or encapsulated.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>An insulin secretion model was implemented by coupling local consumption and release rates to calculations of the spatial distributions of all species of interest. The resulting glucose-insulin control system fits in the general framework of a sigmoid proportional-integral-derivative controller, a generalized PID controller, more suitable for biological systems, which are always nonlinear due to the maximum response being limited. Because of the general framework of the implementation, simulations can be carried out for arbitrary geometries including cultured, perifused, transplanted, and encapsulated islets.</p