Lessons learned from a critical appraisal of a fall break policy in higher education: A case study

The incidence, severity and persistence of mental health issues is increasing across post- secondary campuses (Zivin et al., 2009; Canada Newswire, 2012) with these students now viewed as a high-risk population (Stallman, 2010). Many Canadian universities are implementing a policy for a fall break in hopes of alleviating students’ stress and anxiety in order to improve mental health, heighten retention, and increase academic productivity. To date, there is limited empirical evidence to guide the development of policy and the delivery of effective practices to alleviate school-related stress and anxiety. This thesis is presented as a three paper, manuscript approach. The focus of this project was to appraise the development and implementation of a fall break and then evaluate its effectiveness in an effort to address rising concerns related to mental health for post-secondary students. Three thousand and seventy-one students in years one to four completed a post-break survey during one week in January of 2013, 2014, 2015. Of those, 1019 were male and 2052 female. Thirty-three students varying in years from one to four participated in focus groups in February of 2013, 2014, 2015. Of those 4 were male and 19 were female. Ten faculty from varying faculties and one informant participated in interviews in spring, 2018. Analyses from the surveys revealed that overall, students are in favour of having a fall break. Even though a small percentage of participants perceived their workload to go up before and after the break, 90% of students agree that the fall break was useful in reducing school related stress levels. However, the focus group, faculty and informant interviews revealed that the timing of the fall break had an impact on how students and faculty experienced the break and thus influenced perceptions on the impact that the break had on student mental health. Comprehensive evidence about whether a fall break policy supports or undermines the mental health of students needs to be assessed using a range of indicators before its implementation. This will help post-secondary institutions determine whether a break in the fall semester can be an effective approach to addressing students’ stress and anxiety

De-constructing terracotta female figurines: A chalcolithic case-study

We report the results of detailed imaging studies of the inner structure of a terracotta female figurine dated to the 6th millennium BC, most probably from the Lakes region of Turkey, now kept at the Nati- onal Museum of Oriental Art \u201cGiuseppe Tucci\u201d, Rome. The figurine was investigated with advanced CT scanning, recording 966 transversal sections. Each section was stratigraphically interpreted and digitized, reconstructing in three dimensions the form and mode of application of each lump or slab under the potter\u2019s fingers. A review of the available information on the techniques of construction of prehistoric terracotta figurines in Eurasia reveals at least two diverging technical templates, here named core and dual forming processes. The structure of the investigated figurine and its operational sequence reveals a version of the dual technical template, confirming the presence and influence, at a cognitive level, of organic analogies and a possible map of the female body in the modelling process

On Representing Concepts in High-dimensional Linear Spaces

Producing a mathematical model of concepts is a very important issue in artificial intelligence, because if such a model were found this, besides being a very interesting result in its own right, would also contribute to the emergence of what we could call the \u2018mathematics of thought.\u2019 One of the most interesting attempts made in this direction is P. Gardenfors\u2019 theory of conceptual spaces, a \ua8 theory which is mostly presented by its author in an informal way. The main aim of the present article is contributing to Gardenfors\u2019 theory of conceptual spaces \ua8 by discussing some of the advantages which derive from the possibility of representing concepts in high-dimensional linear spaces

Mathematical Patterns and Cognitive Architectures

Mathematical patterns are an important subclass of the class of patterns. The main task of this paper is examining a particular proposal concerning the nature of mathematical patterns and some elements of the cognitive architecture an agent should have to recognize them

Innovative Selective Laser Sintering Rapid Manufacturing using Nanotechnology

The objective of this research is to develop an improved nylon 11 (polyamide 11) polymer with enhanced flame retardancy, thermal, and mechanical properties for selective laser sintering (SLS) rapid manufacturing (RM). A nanophase was introduced into nylon 11 via twin screw extrusion to provide improved material properties of the polymer blends. Atofina (now known as Arkema) RILSAN® nylon 11 injection molding polymer pellets was used with three types of nanoparticles: chemically modified montmorillonite (MMT) organoclays, nanosilica, and carbon nanofibers (CNF) to create nylon 11 nanocomposites. Wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to determine the degree of dispersion. Fifteen nylon 11 nanocomposites and control nylon 11 were fabricated by injection molding. Flammability properties (using a cone calorimeter with a radiant flux of 50 kW/m2 ) and mechanical properties such as tensile strength and modulus, flexural modulus, elongation at break were determined for the nylon 11 nanocomposites and compared with the baseline nylon 11. Based on flammability and mechanical material performance, five polymers including four nylon 11 nanocomposites and a control nylon 11 were cryogenically ground into fine powders for SLS RM. SLS specimens were fabricated for flammability, mechanical, and thermal properties characterization. Nylon 11-CNF nanocomposites exhibited the best overall properties for this study.Mechanical Engineerin

Performance Modeling of Parallel Applications on MPSoCs

In this paper we present a new technique for automatically measuring the performance of tasks, functions or arbitrary parts of a program on a multiprocessor embedded system. The technique instruments the tasks described by OpenMP, used to represent the task parallelism, while ad hoc pragmas in the source indicate other pieces of code to profile. The annotations and the instrumentation are completely target-independent, so the same code can be measured on different target architectures, on simulators or on prototypes. We validate the approach on a single and on a dual LEON 3 platform synthesized on FPGA, demonstrating a low instrumentation overhead. We show how the information obtained with this technique can be easily exploited in a hardware/software design space exploration tool, by estimating, with good accuracy, the speed-up of a parallel application given the profiling on the single processor prototype

Performance Estimation for Task Graphs Combining Sequential Path Profiling and Control Dependence Regions

The speed-up estimation of parallelized code is crucial to efficiently compare different parallelization techniques or task graph transformations. Unfortunately, most of the time, during the parallelization of a specification, the information that can be extracted by profiling the corresponding sequential code (e.g. the most executed paths) are not properly taken into account. In particular, correlating sequential path profiling with the corresponding parallelized code can help in the identification of code hot spots, opening new possibilities for automatic parallelization. For this reason, starting from a well-known profiling technique, the Efficient Path Profiling, we propose a methodology that estimates the speed-up of a parallelized specification, just using the corresponding hierarchical task graph representation and the information coming from the dynamic profiling of the initial sequential specification. Experimental results show that the proposed solution outperforms existing approaches

Generating Posit-Based Accelerators With High-Level Synthesis

Recently, the posit number system has demonstrated a higher accuracy over standard floating-point arithmetic for many scientific applications. However, when it comes to implementing accelerators for these applications, the tool support for this arithmetic format is still missing, especially during the step. In this paper, we incorporate the posit data type into the high-level synthesis (HLS) design process, so that we can generate the implementation directly from a given behavioral specification, but using posit numbers instead of the classical floating-point notations. Our evaluations show that, even if posit-based circuits require more area than their floating-point counterparts, they offer higher accuracy when using the same bitwidth. For example, using posit arithmetic can reduce computation errors by about two orders of magnitude when compared to using standard floating-point numbers. Our approach also includes an alternative to mitigate the high overheads of the posits and broadening the potential use of this format. We also propose a hybrid scheme that uses posit numbers only in the private local memory, while the accelerator operates in the classic floating-point notation. This solution is useful when the designers want to optimize local memories and data transfers, but still use legacy high-level synthesis (HLS) tools that only support traditional floating-point notations

Some tardigrades from Central Africa with the description of two new species: Macrobiotus ragonesei and M. priviterae (Eutardigrada Macrobiotidae)

Ten species of tardigrades are reported from Central Africa. Isohypsibius arbiter Binda 1980 is new for Africa; two species, Macrobiotus ragonesei and Macrobiotus priviterae are new to science. Macrobiotus ragonesei has two macroplacoids and microplacoid, and areolated eggs with conical processes sculptured in the basal portion and unsculptured in the terminal portion. Macrobiotus priviterae is similar to M. richtersi Murray 1911, M. peteri Pilato et al. 1989, and M. chieregoi Maucci et al. 1980 but differs from them by having eyes, and in the claw and egg characters; it is also similar to M. vanescens Pilato et al. 1991 and to M. danielae Pilato et al. 2001 but differs from them in claw and egg characters. The egg of Minibiotus africanus Binda & Pilato 1995, unknown so far, is described

Intumescent Flame Retardant Polyamide 11 Nanocomposites

Current polyamide 11 and 12 are lacking in fire retardancy and high strength/high heat resistance characteristics for a plethora of fabricated parts that are desired and required for performance driven applications. The introduction of selected nanoparticles such as surface modified montmorillonite (MMT) clay or carbon nanofibers (CNFs), combined with a conventional intumescent flame retardant (FR) additive into the polyamide 11/polyamide 12 (PA11/PA12) by melt processing conditions has resulted in the preparation of a family of intumescent polyamide nanocomposites. These intumescent polyamide 11 and 12 nanocomposites exhibit enhanced polymer performance characteristics, i.e., fire retardancy, high strength and high heat resistance and are expected to expand the market opportunities for polyamide 11 and polyamide 12 polymer manufacturers. The objective of this research is to develop improved polyamide 11 and 12 polymers with enhanced flame retardancy, thermal, and mechanical properties for selective laser sintering (SLS) rapid manufacturing (RM). In the present study, a nanophase was introduced into the polyamide 11 and combining it with a conventional intumescent FR additive via twin screw extrusion. Arkema RILSAN® polyamide 11 molding polymer pellets were examined with two types of nanoparticles: chemically modified montmorillonite (MMT) organoclays, and carbon nanofibers (CNFs); and Clairant’s Exolit® OP 1230 intumescent FR additive were used to create a family of FR intumescent polyamide 11 nanocomposites. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to determine the degree of nanoparticles dispersion. Injection molded specimens were fabricated for physical, thermal, and flammability measurements. Thermal stability of these intumescent polyamide 11 nanocomposites was examined by TGA. Flammability properties were obtained using the Cone Calorimeter at an external heat flux of 35 kW/m 2 and UL 94 Test Method. Heat deflection temperatures (HDT) were also measured. TEM micrographs, physical, thermal, and flammability properties are presented. FR intumescent polyamide 11 nanocomposites properties are compared with polyamide 11 baseline polymer. Based on flammability and mechanical material performance, selective polymers including polyamide 11 nanocomposites and control polyamide 11 will be cryogenically ground into fine powders for SLS RM processing. SLS specimens will be fabricated for thermal, flammability, and mechanical properties characterization.Mechanical Engineerin