Diseño de una intervención de enfermería para la promoción de la actividad física a través de una herramienta TIC

Objetivo: Diseñar una intervención de enfermería para la promoción de la actividad física a través de una herramienta TIC. Método: Se llevó a cabo un estudio metodológico, donde se diseñó una intervención de enfermería para la promoción de la actividad física con el respaldo de los siete conceptos establecidos en la teoría de autoeficacia de Bárbara Resnick para el diseño de programas para la promoción de la actividad física, esto a través de la estructuración de una página web. Para el análisis de los resultados se utilizaron dos metodologías, la evaluación por expertos quienes realizaron la validación de evidencia de concepto en la plataforma y grupo focal para realizar testeo de la plataforma. Resultados: Se estructuró una página web denominada WWW.SAM.NET.CO la cual despliega la intervención de enfermería, esto mediante el enfoque teórico de Bárbara Resnick de la teoría de autoeficacia bajo las premisas de la promoción de la actividad física, así mismo se incorpora los elementos teóricos del concepto de gamificación, el cual se constituye es uno de los aspectos principales para el desarrollo de páginas web innovadoras y creativas. Se aplicó la metodología de validación de jueces, mediante la validación de evidencia de concepto. Frente a los resultados del grupo focal participaron 6 estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional y se obtuvieron a partir de los dos grupos una serie de observaciones y recomendaciones que se deben programar para los respectivos ajustes de la página web, la cual se constituye en una intervención de enfermería que promociona la actividad física. Conclusión: Dentro de uno de los resultados importantes, es reconocer que mediante esta intervención de enfermería se está siendo coherente y obedece a las metas 2021 del Plan Decenal de Salud Pública. Asimismo, con el fin de garantizar intervenciones integrales en salud, se debe fortalecer el trabajo interdisciplinario con enfermería, sistemas, nutrición, fisioterapia, psicología y entrenadores físicos para el diseño y ejecución de intervenciones en salud efectivas y consolidadas de acuerdo a los requerimientos del actual sistema de salud, y esto con el enfoque teórico de BR para la promoción de la actividad física.Abstract. Objective: Designing a nursing intervention to promote physical activity through an ICT tool. Method: A methodological study where a nursing intervention to promote physical activity with the support of the seven concepts established in the theory of self-efficacy Barbara Resnick for designing programs for the promotion of physical activity was designed was conducted , this by structuring a web page. For analysis of the results two methodologies were used, evaluation by experts who conducted the validation of evidence on the platform concept and focus group testing for the platform. Results: A so-called web page which displays WWW.SAM.NET.CO nursing intervention was structured, this theoretical approach by Barbara Resnick of the theory of self-efficacy under the premise of promoting physical activity, also joined the theoretical elements of the concept of Gamification, which constitutes one of the main aspects for the development of innovative and creative web pages. Validation methodology applied judges, by validating evidence concept. Faced with the results of focus group they participated 6 students of the National University and obtained from the two groups a series of observations and recommendations should be scheduled for the respective settings of the web page, which constitutes an intervention nursing that promotes physical activity. Conclusion: Inside one of the important results is to recognize that through this nursing intervention is being consistent and obeys the 2021 goals of the Ten-Year Public Health. Furthermore, in order to ensure comprehensive health interventions must be strengthened interdisciplinary work with nursing , systems, nutrition, physiotherapy , psychology and physical for the design and implementation of interventions effective and consolidated health according trainers requirements the current health system , and this with the BR theoretical approach to promoting physical activity.Maestrí

Antimicrobial and Insecticidal: Cyclic Lipopeptides and Hydrogen Cyanide Produced by Plant-Beneficial Pseudomonas Strains CHA0, CMR12a, and PCL1391 Contribute to Insect Killing.

Particular groups of plant-beneficial fluorescent pseudomonads are not only root colonizers that provide plant disease suppression, but in addition are able to infect and kill insect larvae. The mechanisms by which the bacteria manage to infest this alternative host, to overcome its immune system, and to ultimately kill the insect are still largely unknown. However, the investigation of the few virulence factors discovered so far, points to a highly multifactorial nature of insecticidal activity. Antimicrobial compounds produced by fluorescent pseudomonads are effective weapons against a vast diversity of organisms such as fungi, oomycetes, nematodes, and protozoa. Here, we investigated whether these compounds also contribute to insecticidal activity. We tested mutants of the highly insecticidal strains Pseudomonas protegens CHA0, Pseudomonas chlororaphis PCL1391, and Pseudomonas sp. CMR12a, defective for individual or multiple antimicrobial compounds, for injectable and oral activity against lepidopteran insect larvae. Moreover, we studied expression of biosynthesis genes for these antimicrobial compounds for the first time in insects. Our survey revealed that hydrogen cyanide and different types of cyclic lipopeptides contribute to insecticidal activity. Hydrogen cyanide was essential to full virulence of CHA0 and PCL1391 directly injected into the hemolymph. The cyclic lipopeptide orfamide produced by CHA0 and CMR12a was mainly important in oral infections. Mutants of CMR12a and PCL1391 impaired in the production of the cyclic lipopeptides sessilin and clp1391, respectively, showed reduced virulence in injection and feeding experiments. Although virulence of mutants lacking one or several of the other antimicrobial compounds, i.e., 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, phenazines, pyrrolnitrin, or pyoluteorin, was not reduced, these metabolites might still play a role in an insect background since all investigated biosynthetic genes for antimicrobial compounds of strain CHA0 were expressed at some point during insect infection. In summary, our study identified new factors contributing to insecticidal activity and extends the diverse functions of antimicrobial compounds produced by fluorescent pseudomonads from the plant environment to the insect host

Plant-Beneficial Fluorescent Pseudomonads with Insecticidal Activity: Molecular Traits and Ecology of Insect-Associated Lifestyles

This thesis focuses on a special group of plant-beneficial pseudomonads with insecticidal activity. Bacteria belonging to the Pseudomonas fluorescens group are excellent root-colonizers with many plant beneficial effects. These bacteria can promote plant growth through the production of hormones and increase the availability of certain soil nutrients. Fluorescent Pseudomonas are also able to control the emergence of soilborne diseases mainly by the production of antimicrobial secondary metabolites and to induce systemic resistance in the plant host rendering it ready for the attack of pathogens or predators. Intriguingly, two species within the fluorescent pseudomonads, P. chlororaphis and P. protegens, possess the ability to colonize and kill Lepidopteran insects in addition to all these plant beneficial activities. In the last decade, several factors contributing to the insecticidal activity of these fascinating bacteria were identified, and insecticidal pseudomonads have emerged as promising candidates for the biological control of soil-derived insect pests for which no satisfactory control methods exist. The major aims of this thesis were to study the nature of Pseudomonas-insect interactions and its ecological significance, and to investigate, in a susceptible insect species, the pathogenicity process and the factors required at different phases during insect colonization and killing. In the first part of the thesis, we investigated whether the inability, of model strain P. protegens CHA0, to kill certain insect species, is due to its failure to persist in the animals. Based on feeding assays in combination with bacterial monitoring we showed that P. protegens CHA0 is highly lethal to larvae of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera) and Pieris brassicae (Lepidoptera) while being pathogenic, but less effective against larvae of Delia radicum (Diptera). P. protegens CHA0 had no effect on larvae of Otiorhynchus sulcatus (Coleoptera). However, P. protegens CHA0 persisted from larval to adult stage in all these species and was transmitted to a new plant host by D. radicum flies. These findings indicate that insecticidal pseudomonads can establish different relationships with insects ranging from exploiting insects as food source to using them as vectors for dispersal. A central part of the thesis concentrated on identifying the specific sets of genes a pseudomonad needs when colonizing a plant or an insect hosts, and to identify the specific role of individual factors during insect colonization and throughout disease progression. To this end, a large-scale transcriptomics dataset of P. protegens strain CHA0 was generated which includes data from the colonization of wheat roots, the gut of P. xylostella after oral uptake and the Galleria mellonella hemolymph after injection. The transcriptomic profiles strongly varied depending on the environment. Furthermore, we could associate specific factors to different hosts or different stages of insect infection. In addition, new traits contributing to insecticidal activity were identified, such as effector proteins (toxins) released by two-partner secretion systems (TPS). Their role during infection of P. xylostella was verified using a mutational approach. Altogether, this data allowed us to propose a comprehensive insect colonization and pathogenesis model for P. protegens CHA0. The ecological relevance of non-pathogenic interactions with insects described in the first part of the thesis, and the natural association of P. protegens and P. chlororaphis to insects, still remains unknown. To address these questions, we searched for insecticidal Pseudomonas in arthropods collected from a wheat field, a potato field and neighbouring grassland. We found that P. protegens and P. chlororaphis are naturally present in healthy insects and myriapods and isolated a set of new strains from arthropods, soil and roots. Although all strains, independently of their host of origin or their phylogenetic position, had oral activity against P. xylostella, the insecticidal capacities of different P. chlororaphis isolates were not as homogeneous as observed for P. protegens. Phylogenetically closely related P. chlororaphis strains differed in insect killing speed and efficiency. We hypothesize that the lower insecticidal activity observed for two Coleoptera isolates could be related to mutations in key insecticidal factors, such as the Fit toxin and TPSA proteins, that we discovered using a single nucleotide polymorphism analysis based on the whole genomes. These findings point towards an order-specificity or adaptation to certain insect hosts and show the ubiquitous nature of these special pseudomonads. This thesis substantially improves our knowledge about the pathogenesis of insect infecting Pseudomonas and the ecology of arthropod-Pseudomonas relationships. The novel information we gained is of great scientific, but also agricultural and environmental value, since it is highly important for the development of new biocontrol tools within the frame of a sustainable agriculture relying on environmentally friendly pest control methods

AmrZ is a global transcriptional regulator implicated in iron uptake and environmental adaption in P. fluorescens F113

Background AmrZ, a RHH transcriptional regulator, regulates motility and alginate production in pseudomonads. Expression of amrZ depends on the environmental stress sigma factor AlgU. amrZ and algU mutants have been shown to be impaired in environmental fitness in different pseudomonads with different lifestyles. Considering the importance of AmrZ for the ecological fitness of pseudomonads and taking advantage of the full sequencing and annotation of the Pseudomonas fluorescens F113 genome, we have carried out a ChIP-seq analysis from a pool of eight independent ChIP assays in order to determine the AmrZ binding sites and its implication in the regulation of genes involved in environmental adaption. Results 154 enriched regions (AmrZ binding sites) were detected in this analysis, being 76% of them located in putative promoter regions. 18 of these peaks were validated in an independent ChIP assay by qPCR. The 154 peaks were assigned to genes involved in several functional classes such as motility and chemotaxis, iron homeostasis, and signal transduction and transcriptional regulators, including genes encoding proteins implicated in the turn-over of c-diGMP. A putative AmrZ binding site was also observed by aligning the 154 regions with the MEME software. This motif was present in 75% of the peaks and was similar to that described in the amrZ and algD promoters in P. aeruginosa. We have analyzed the role of AmrZ in the regulation of iron uptake genes, to find that AmrZ represses their expression under iron limiting conditions. Conclusions The results presented here show that AmrZ is an important global transcriptional regulator involved in environmental sensing and adaption. It is also a new partner in the complex iron homeostasis regulation

Diccionario básico de lengua de signos española

El manual se trata de un diccionario del Lenguaje de Signos español. Consta del alfabeto dactilológico y de un diccionario de palabras básicas como adjetivos, animales, alimentos, calendario, Cantabria, casa, colores España, etc. Cada uno dibujado con la figura de un oso hacien el gesto y en algún caso la mano realizando el gesto dibujada al lado.CantabriaES

Outbreak of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in Córdoba, Colombia

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a tick-borne disease caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii . Although RMSF was first reported in Colombia in 1937, it remains a neglected disease. Herein, we describe the investigation of a large cluster of cases of spotted fever rickettsiosis in a new area of Colombia

Persistence of root-colonizing Pseudomonas protegens in herbivorous insects throughout different developmental stages and dispersal to new host plants

ISSN:1751-7362ISSN:1751-737

Microbiology : laboratory manual

Este manual práctico ha sido diseñado para usted, estudiante de ciencias biológicas, biomédicas o afines, que se encuentra realizando algún curso de microbiología y que requiere conceptos básicos e instrucciones detalladas para realizar procedimientos fundamentales en el laboratorio. Apoyándose en estas instrucciones, las imágenes y los videos, a través de la experimentación práctica, logrará adquirir las destrezas necesarias en la manipulación, fundamentación y comprensión del cómo, por qué y para qué se realizan los procedimientos de laboratorio aquí descritos.Bogot

Las rickettsias como agentes etiológicos de entidades febriles no diagnosticadas en Colombia

IP 1204-04-16332Contrato 238-2004Sinopsis divulgativa: Rickettsia rickettsii es una bacteria transmitida a través de la picadura de garrapatas. La enfermedad afecta tanto a animales como a humanos y es un problema de salud publica en los sitios del mundo donde los vectores (las garrapatas) y las condiciones ambientales permiten la convivencia con los humanos. La infección afecta principalmente las células de recubirmiento de los vasos sanguíneos generando manifestaciones vasculares sistémicas que pueden llevar a la muerte si la enfermedad no se sospecha y trata oportunamente con tetraciclina, el grupo de antibióticos de elecció