Menarca e antropometria em atletas adolescentes de pentatlo moderno

A menarca é um importante indicador da maturação sexual e sua ocorrência pode variar de acordo com as características antropométricas e do treinamento de modalidades esportivas. Os objetivos foram: comparar a idade da menarca e a antropometria em grupos de atletas adolescentes de pentatlo moderno que iniciaram o treinamento antes e após a menarca; analisar as relações entre o tempo pósmenarca com a antropometria em grupos de atletas adolescentes de pentatlo moderno que iniciaram o treinamento antes e após a menarca; analisar as relações entre a idade cronológica e a antropometria em atletas adolescentes de pentatlo moderno não menarqueadas. Participaram 31 atletas menarqueadas(14,69±2,03anos de idade) e 15 não menarqueadas (12,22±1,07anos de idade). Foram avaliadas a idade da menarca, tempo pós-menarca, medidas antropométricas e características do treinamento. Utilizou-se a estatística descritiva, comparações para amostras independentes e a correlação de Pearson (p<0,05). A idade da menarca foi 11,80±0,95 anos. Após divisão do grupo das menarqueadas, diferença significativa(p=0,006) foi observada na idade da menarca entre meninas que iniciaram o treinamento antes (12,62±0,95) e após (11,42±1,17) a menarca. A análise descritiva permitiu observar a idade cronológica do grupo não menarqueadas sendo maior que a idade da menarca no grupo das menarqueadas, assim como foi maior o tempo de treinamento e menor a adiposidade. A idade de início do treinamento aparenta ser o maior responsável pelas características da menarca apresentadas em pentatletas, sem descartar possíveis efeitos do baixo percentual de gordura

Comparison of the effects of pea protein and whey protein on the metabolic profile of soccer athletes: a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial

IntroductionPea protein (PP) concentrate is a plant-based alternative to animal protein sources, such as whey protein (WP). In addition to its valuable amino acid composition, PP has a low environmental impact, making it a sustainable, nutritious, and viable alternative for enhanced sports performance, such as in soccer. PP Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of PP and WP supplementation on biochemical and metabolic parameters in soccer players.MethodsTwelve male under-20 soccer players were included in this double-blind, randomized crossover intervention study. For 10 consecutive days, each participant received either 0.5 g/kg of the PP or WP supplementation after training, starting 7 days before the test game, and continuing until 2 days after. After a 4-day washout period, the athletes switched groups and the intervention was restarted. Blood samples were collected before and after the game, as well as 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h intervals thereafter. Creatine kinase (CK), aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase (ALT), lactate (LA), urea, creatinine, and uric acid were analyzed using commercial kits. Exploratory metabolic profiling of the serum samples was performed using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.ResultsA comparison of biochemical markers showed that the PP group had lower CK in the post-game moment, 24 h, and 48 h. Lower LA in the post-game moment, and lower ALT in the post-game moment and at 24 h. Of the 48 metabolites analyzed, 22 showed significant differences between the time points, such as amino acids, ketone bodies, and glucose metabolism. Glutamate and lactate levels significantly increased between the pre- and post-game moments in the WP group. After the game, the WP group exhibited reduced levels of metabolites such as arginine and taurine, whereas no such change was observed in the PP group. There was no difference in metabolites 72 h after the game.ConclusionsDespite the slight advantage of the PP group in specific biochemical markers, these differences are not sufficient to justify the choice of a particular type of protein. However, the results highlight the viability of plant protein as a potential alternative to animal protein without compromising athletic performance or recovery

Composição reconstituível, seu uso para fabricação de uma bebida adaptógena e bebida adaptógena

DepositadaA presente invenção refere-se a uma composição em pó reconstituível compreendendo extrato seco em pó de Saracura-mirá, polpa de tangerina, ácido cítrico e açúcar, o extrato podendo ser microencapsulado com maltodextrina. A presente invenção refere-se também ao uso da referida composição para fabricação de uma bebida adaptógena, e a bebida adaptógena produzida pela reconstituição da composição em água

Immunobiologic and Antiinflammatory Properties of a Bark Extract from Ampelozizyphus amazonicus Ducke

Ampelozizyphus amazonicus is used in the treatment and prevention of malaria. The effect of an aqueous extract from this plant (SART) on the immune response was investigated by measuring immunoglobulin production induced by immunization with the antigen TNP-Ficoll in Plasmodium chabaudi-infected mice. SART treatment increased antigen-specific IgM and IgG levels in TNPFicoll-immunized mice. The B cell response during malarial infection was also modified by SART. There was an increase in total serum IgM and IgG and a decrease in the percentage of splenic plasma cells (CD138+ cells) in P. chabaudi-infected, SART-treated animals. SART (1, 3 or 10 mg/kg, p.o.) and the reference drug dexamethasone (5 mg/kg) were also tested in carrageenan-induced leukocyte migration to the subcutaneous air pouch (SAP). All SART doses significantly reduced leukocyte migration into the SAP. The protein concentration resulting from extravasation into the peritoneum was also significantly reduced. Our data indicate that SART possesses immunomodulatory properties, inducing an in vivo modification of the B lymphocyte response and antiinflammatory properties, which are partly due to a reduction in cell migration and are most likely due to an inhibition of the production of inflammatory mediators. Preliminary HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of SART shows a complex saponin profile with deprotonated molecule [M-H] − ions in the range of m/z 800-1000

Dismorfia muscular em homens não atletas praticantes de treinamento resistido: uma revisão sistemática

Since adolescence, boys desire a more muscular body. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of muscle dysmorphia in non-athletes males who practice strength exercise. We analyzed the titles and abstracts in the databases Web of Science, BVS and PubMed using the following terms: muscle dysmorphia OR bigorexia. Of the total of 22 articles selected for reading only four were used in this study because showed prevalence of dysmorphia muscle in non-athletes males who practice strength exercise. The values of prevalence ranged from 10 % to 54 %, depending on the evaluation criteria and sample characteristics. The values of prevalence were considered high because is a sample of non-athletes males, and may also be underestimated due to the limitations of the diagnostic methods

Caffeine Supplementation for 4 Days Does Not Induce Tolerance to the Ergogenic Effects Promoted by Acute Intake on Physiological, Metabolic, and Performance Parameters of Cyclists: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Crossover, Placebo-Controlled Study

The present study investigated whether the caffeine supplementation for four days would induce tolerance to the ergogenic effects promoted by acute intake on physiological, metabolic, and performance parameters of cyclists. A double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over design was employed, involving four experimental trials; placebo (4-day)-placebo (acute)/PP, placebo (4-day)-caffeine (acute)/PC, caffeine (4-day)-caffeine (acute)/CC and caffeine (4-day)-placebo (acute)/CP. Fourteen male recreationally-trained cyclists ingested capsules containing either placebo or caffeine (6 mg∙kg−1) for 4 days. On day 5 (acute), capsules containing placebo or caffeine (6 mg∙kg−1) were ingested 60 min before completing a 16 km time-trial (TT). CC and PC showed improvements in time (3.54%, ES = 0.72; 2.53%, ES = 0.51) and in output power (2.85%, ES = 0.25; 2.53%, ES = 0.20) (p < 0.05) compared to CP and PP conditions, respectively. These effects were accompanied by increased heart rate (2.63%, ES = 0.47; 1.99%, ES = 0.34), minute volume (13.11%, ES = 0.61; 16.32%, ES = 0.75), expired O2 fraction (3.29%, ES = 0.96; 2.87, ES = 0.72), lactate blood concentration (immediately after, 29.51% ES = 0.78; 28.21% ES = 0.73 recovery (10 min), 36.01% ES = 0.84; 31.22% ES = 0.81), and reduction in expired CO2 fraction (7.64%, ES = 0.64; 7.75%, ES = 0.56). In conclusion, these results indicate that caffeine, when ingested by cyclists in a dose of 6 mg∙kg−1 for 4 days, does not induce tolerance to the ergogenic effects promoted by acute intake on physiological, metabolic, and performance parameters