Relevance of Damped Harmonic Oscillation for Modeling the Training Effects on Daily Physical Performance Capacity in Team Sport

International audienceContext: Positive and negative effects of training induce apparent oscillations of performance, suggesting that the delayed cumulative effects of training on daily performance capacity (DPC) are best fitted by sine waves damped over time. Purpose: To compare the criterion validity of the impulse-response (IR) model of Banister et al and the damped harmonic oscillation (DHO) model for quantifying the training load (TL) DPC relationship. Methods: Six female professional volleyball players (20.8 +/- 2.4 y) were monitored using the session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) for 9 mo to quantify TL. Countermovement-jump (CMJ) and 4-step-approach-CMJ (4sCMJ) performances were recorded once a month. Parameters of models were determined by minimizing residual-sum squares between predicted and real performances with a nonlinear regression. Results: DPC was best fitted by the DHO model rather than the IR model (CMJ, R-2 =.80 +/-.08 and.69 +/-.20, respectively; 4sCMJ, R-2 = .86 +/- .09 and .67 +/-.29, respectively). The damping parameter theta and the period T were positively correlated with age (rho = 0.81, P <.05, and rho = 0.86, P <.02, respectively). Conclusions: The DHO model is a useful tool for modeling DPC as the sum of the delayed DPCs from the consecutive training and recovery days. DPC could be considered the expression of the individual process of accumulation and dissipation of fatigue induced by training. DHO-model parameters were correlated with age, which prompts one to postulate that expertise has a major influence on DPC. The DHO model will help coaches develop a greater understanding of training effects and make monitoring of the training process more effective

Picard physicians' perspectives about the Legislative Decree on the physical activity prescription

International audienceObjectives. - The present study focused on the impact of the French legislative decree on the physical activity (PA) prescription on the promoting PA during the doctor's consultation and the perceived criteria such limiting factors of the PA prescription for a liberal practitioners' population (MD). Methods. - This exploratory qualitative study involved semi-structured interviews in a sample of MD practiced their liberal activity in the Picard territory of the region Hauts-de-France. Results. - Interviews were carried out with 14 voluntary MD. All MD interviewed were limited to giving oral PA advice as secondary and as tertiary preventions. Therefore, the PA promotion remained often superficial and rushed. Although they believed in the health benefits of regular PA, all practitioners found that the medical consultation is too short and their scientific knowledge on the PA was insufficient to correctly promote an adapted PA. No consensus was found among respondents as to the legislative decree effect on promoting PA due to the gap of information and support assistance. Conclusions. - There seems to be no generally agreed upon the French legislative decree on the physical activity prescription. Perceived major barriers relating to the regular PA promotion, supplied on prescription or under oral advice, showed the weakness of promoting health policy by regular physical activity. (C) 2021 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved

Alimentation de la sole et de la plie en Manche

This document summaries major results about the diet of sole Solea solea and plaice Pleuronectes platessa in the English Channel, collected in the framework of the VARITROPH project. Both species have a similar diet, based on crustaceans, but plaice exhibit a larger diversity of secundary species (bivalves, annelids and echinoderms) than sole (annelids only). Diversity of the preys for plaice is explained by differences between size classes. Diet of small individuals is less diverse than the diet of large individuals. Trophic similarity between sole and plaice is also exhibited when comparing ontogenic changes of trophic levels, that are pretty similar for both species, and consistent with a diet based on small invertebrates.Ce document résume les principaux résultats obtenus concernant l'alimentation de la sole Solea solea et de la plie Pleuronectes platessa en Manche, obtenus dans le cadre du projet VARITROPH. Les deux espèces de poissons plats ont une alimentation comparable, principalement basée sur les crustacés. La plie montre cependant une plus grande diversité de proies secondaires (bivalves, annélides et échinodermes) que la sole (annélides seulement). La diversité des proies pour la plie s'explique par les différences de diversité alimentaire entre classes de taille. Les petits individus ont une alimentation moins diverse que les grands. Cette similarité entre sole et plie se retrouve pour le niveau trophique, relativement comparable entre les deux espèces et cohérent avec une alimentation basée sur des petits invertébrés

Effects of a short-term interval aerobic training program with recovery bouts on vascular function in sedentary aged 70 or over: A randomized controlled trial

International audienceBackground: Interval aerobic training programs with active recovery bouts (IATP-R) are reported as being more adapted to seniors while improving cardiorespiratory and endurance parameters. Report of benefits on vascular function is still limited. Purpose: To measure the impact of IATP-R on vascular function among seniors. Methods: Sedentary volunteers (>= 70 years of age) were randomly assigned to either IATP-R (n = 30) or control group (n= 30). The IATP-R consisted of 2 weekly sessions of 30-min (6 x 4-min at first ventilatory threshold (VT1) intensity + 1-min at 40% of VT1) cycling exercise over 9.5-week. Controls remained their sedentary life over the same period. In all participants, the endothelial function was measured by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in brachial artery and arterial stiffness through the carotid/radial and carotid/femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured at baseline and 9.5 weeks later. Results: Resulting from a planned interim analysis, IATP-R improved SBP (IATP-R: from 133.7 +/- 9.8 to 122.6 +/- 9.4 mmHg vs. Controls: from 128.9 +/- 12.5 to 132.6 +/- 14.7 mmHg), DBP (IATP-R: from 80.2 +/- 7.0 to 74.1 +/- 6.7 mmHg vs. Controls: from 77.1 +/- 6.8 to 80.3 +/- 7.5 mmHg), and FMD (IATP-R: from 6.7 +/- 2.0 to 7.5 +/- 2.7% vs. Controls: from 7.9 +/- 2.7 to 7.5 +/- 2.5%). No significant impact on PWV was measured. Conclusion: Although these findings resulted from an interim analysis, IATP-R might be effective in regulating BP and improving endothelial function among sedentary seniors

Ventilatory, metabolic and kinematic responses in sprint versus distance swimmers

International audienceThe aim of this study was to compare the speed, oxygen uptake (VO2 consumption), blood lactate concentration ([La]b), and stroke rate (SR) in sprint and middle-distance swimmers. Seven male elite middle-distance swimmers (performance level=89% of the world record) and seven male sprint swimmers (performance level=88% of the world record) were recruited. Ventilatory, metabolic and kinematic parameters were obtained during a 6 x 300-m incremental swimming exercise to exhaustion. VO2 kinetics were compared between groups using a 500-m interval training set (IT-500) swum at the lactate threshold (LT). Speed at VO2max was faster for the middle-distance swimmers (1.51 ± 0.02 m.s-1) than the sprinters (1.34 ± 0.07 m.s-1). Speed at LT was also faster for the middle-distance swimmers (3.1 ± 1.2 mmol.L-1; v LT = 1.46 ± 0.01 m•s-1, equivalent to 96.7 ± 0.5% of vVO2max) than the sprinters (4.5 ± 1.5 mmol.L-1; v LT = 1.22 ± 0.06 m•s-1, 91 ± 1.9% of vVO2max; P < 0.01). The middle-distance swimmers had a higher stroke rate at LT (36.7 ± 4.5 vs. 30.3 ± 0.7 s.min-1) and consumed a larger VO2max fraction (95 ± 2 vs. 84 ± 5% of VO2max; P < 0.01). A significant positive correlation was observed between ΔVE and ΔSR (r² = 0.93, P < 0.01) in the middle-distance swimmers during the IT-500, whereas a negative relationship was observed with Δstroke length (r² = 0.81, P < 0.01). The middle-distance swimmers were typically 10-15% faster at the lactate threshold and at the maximal oxygen uptake. In contrast, the blood lactate concentration was 40% higher in the sprint swimmers but the stroke rate was 15% lower at the lactate threshold

Alimentation du maquereau en Manche

This document summaries major information about the diet of mackerel Scomber scombrus in the English Channel, collected during the VARITROPH project. Mackerel consume quite exclusively copepods, with low effect of size on both diet and trophic level.Ce document résume les principaux résultats obtenus concernant l'alimentation du maquereau Scomber scombrus en Manche, dans le cadre du projet VARITROPH. Le maquereau consomme quasi exclusivement des copépodes, avec peu de variations liées à la taille

The Impact of DNMT3A Status on NPM1 MRD Predictive Value and Survival in Elderly AML Patients Treated Intensively

International audienceSimple Summary DNMT3A mutation has been associated with adverse outcomes. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of DNMT3A status on NPM1 MRD predictive value for survival in a retrospective cohort of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients aged over 60 years old treated intensively. A total of 138 patients treated for NPM1-mutated AML in two French institutions were analyzed retrospectively. A 4log reduction of NPM1 MRD was associated with a better outcome. DNMT3A negative patients who achieved a 4log reduction had a superior outcome to those who did not. However, postinduction NPM1 MRD1 reduction was not predictive of OS and LFS in DNMT3Amut patients. These results confirm that post-induction NPM1 MRD1 is a reliable tool to assess disease outcome in elderly AML patients. However, the presence of DNMT3A also identify a subgroup of patients at high risk of relapse. Minimal residual disease (MRD) is now a powerful surrogate marker to assess the response to chemotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). DNMT3A mutation has been associated with adverse outcomes. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of DNMT3A status on NPM1 MRD predictive value for survival in a retrospective cohort of AML patients aged over 60 years old treated intensively. A total of 138 patients treated for NPM1-mutated AML in two French institutions were analyzed retrospectively. DNMT3A status did not influence the probability of having a >= 4log MRD1 reduction after induction. Only 20.4% of FLT3-ITD patients reached >= 4log MRD1 reduction compared to 47.5% in FLT3wt cases. A 4log reduction of NPM1 MRD was associated with a better outcome, even in FLT3-ITD mutated patients, independent of the allelic ratio. DNMT3A negative patients who reached a 4log reduction had a superior outcome to those who did not (HR = 0.23; p < 0.001). However, postinduction NPM1 MRD1 reduction was not predictive of OS and LFS in DNMT3Amut patients. These results confirm that post-induction NPM1 MRD1 is a reliable tool to assess disease outcome in elderly AML patients. However, the presence of DNMT3A also identifies a subgroup of patients at high risk of relapse

Excess mortality after treatment with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide in combination with alemtuzumab in previously untreated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia in a randomized phase 3 trial.

A French and Belgian multicenter phase 3 trial was conducted in medically fit patients with untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Of 178 patients enrolled in the study, 165 were randomly assigned to receive 6 courses of oral fludarabine and cyclophosphamide (FC) in combination with rituximab (FCR; 375 mg/m(2) in cycle one, 500 mg/m(2) in all subsequent cycles) or alemtuzumab (FCCam; 30 mg subcutaneously injected on cycle days 1-3); each cycle was 28 days. Recruitment was halted prematurely because of excess toxicity; 8 patients died in the FCCam group, 3 from lymphoma and 5 from in-fection. Overall response rates were 91% with FCR and 90% with FCCam (P = .79). Complete remission rates were 33.75% with FCR and 19.2% with FCCam (P = .04). Three-year progression-free survival was 82.6% with FCR and 72.5% with FCCam (P = .21). Three-year overall survival was similar between the 2 arms at 90.1% in the FCR arm and 86.4% in the FCCam arm (P = .27). These results indicate that the FCCam regimen for the treatment of advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia was not more effective than the FCR regimen and was associated with an unfavorable safety profile, representing a significant limitation of its use. This study is registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov as number NCT00564512