Are Intra-Household Allocations Policy Neutral? Theory and Empirical Evidence

We develop a collective household model with spousal matching in which there exists marital gains to assortative matching and marriage quality for each couple is revealed ex post. Changes in alimony laws are shown to affect existing couples and couples-to-be differently. For existing couples, legislative changes that favor (wo)men benefit them especially if the marriage match quality is low, while, for couples not yet formed, they generate offsetting intra-household transfers and lower intra-marital allocations for the spouses who are the intended beneficiary. We then estimate the effect of granting alimony rights to cohabiting couples in Canada using a triple-difference framework since each province extended these rights in different years and requiring different cohabitation length. We find that obtaining the right to petition for alimony led women to lower their labor force participation. These results, however, do not hold – and, in some cases, are reversed – for newly formed cohabiting couples.intra-household allocations, matching, cohabitation, alimony laws

Le paradoxe de certaines mesures d’aide à l’intégration scolaire : quand l’aide mène à l’exclusion

En Suisse francophone, la population portugaise constitue la communauté étrangère la plus importante, et les élèves portugais sont parmi ceux qui éprouvent, proportionnellement, le plus de difficultés scolaires. Dans cet article, nous présentons les résultats d’une recherche qui montrent que des difficultés d’intégration en fin de scolarité obligatoire sont déterminées par des variables familiales et administratives. Les mesures d’aide en cours de scolarité n’apportent pas d’effet compensatoire, car elles reposent sur un paradoxe : vouloir mieux intégrer un élève tout en l’excluant. Nous proposons des éléments de solution pour améliorer la situation d’élèves en difficulté scolaire, plus particulièrement d’élèves migrants.The Portuguese population constitutes the largest foreign community in the French-speaking part of Switzerland and Portuguese students proportionally represent those experiencing the greatest school difficulties. In this paper, we present the results of research showing that integration difficulties at the end of obligatory education are determined by familial and administrative variables. Support structures during school do not bring any compensatory effects since they are based on a paradox : intending to integrate a student through exclusion. We propose various strategies to improve the situation of students with school difficulties, focusing especially migrant students.En la Suiza francófona, la población portuguesa constituye la comunidad extranjera más importante y los alumnos portugueses son entre los que, proporcionalmente, experimentan más dificultades escolares. En este artículo presentamos los resultados de una investigación que demuestran que las dificultades de integración al final de la escolaridad obligatoria están determinadas por variables familiares y administrativas. Las medidas de apoyo durante el transcurso de la escolaridad no brindan ningún efecto compensatorio, pues se basan en una paradoja : querer integrar mejor a un alumno al mismo tiempo que lo excluyan. Proponemos elementos de solución para mejorar la situación de alumnos con dificultades escolares, en particular de alumnos emigrantes

First steps in coupling continuous carbon isotopic measurements with already proven subsurface gas monitoring methods above underground carbon dioxide storage sites

International audienceThe main role of INERIS (French National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks) is to assess and avert accidental and chronic risks to both people and the environment linked to industrial installations, chemical substances and underground operations. INERIS is thus involved in research consortiums for underground storages of wastes, hydrocarbons or carbon dioxide. Concerning carbon dioxide storage, INERIS works for many years on defining and testing monitoring methods. As a French expert, the institute also performs integrated risk assessment studies. This paper focuses on the last improvements concerning the monitoring methods developed or patented by INERIS. Because the institute was created from the research centre of the former French national coal mining company, it has a well-established know-how in monitoring gas atmospheres. Having developed monitoring methods for mining contexts, INERIS has tools to constrain gas migrations in subsurface: 1. to determine gas flux between soil and atmosphere with dynamic accumulation chambers; 2. to determine gas concentrations in unsaturated zones through integrated gas sensor systems linked to subsurface boreholes (from 0 to about 300 meters depth). Initially designed for mining context, these two methods have been tested and proven for the monitoring of CO2 geological storage contexts. For example between 2005 and 2007, INERIS was one of the five partners involved in the 'GeoCarbone MONITORING' research project. This project was funded by the French Research Agency and aims at defining methods to monitor CO2 storage sites. Today the institute is involved in other projects studying pilot sites. In this paper we present results collected in analog contexts to CO2 storage sites. We will discuss in which conditions the carbon isotopic signature can help to determine the possible origins of the gas analyzed in our devices and to better understand the physical and chemical processes which can have led to the studied gas compositions. We will also highlight the fact that in some cases, there is a real need of using isotopic tracing methods otherwise the identification of these different processes cannot be done easily

Actes du Congrès Collèges célébrations 92

Également disponible en version papierTitre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 19 août 2009)Bibliogr.: p.

Actes de la Conférence nationale et du 13e Colloque de l'AQPC

Également disponible en version papierTitre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 28 août 2009)Bibliogr.: p. 1

Biomechanical simulations of the scoliotic deformation process in the pinealectomized chicken: a preliminary study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The basic mechanisms whereby mechanical factors modulate the metabolism of the growing spine remain poorly understood, especially the role of growth adaptation in spinal disorders like in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). This paper presents a finite element model (FEM) that was developed to simulate early stages of scoliotic deformities progression using a pinealectomized chicken as animal model.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The FEM includes basic growth and growth modulation created by the muscle force imbalance. The experimental data were used to adapt a FEM previously developed to simulate the scoliosis deformation process in human. The simulations of the spine deformation process are compared with the results of an experimental study including a group of pinealectomized chickens.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The comparison of the simulation results of the spine deformation process (Cobb angle of 37°) is in agreement with experimental scoliotic deformities of two representative cases (Cobb angle of 41° and 30°). For the vertebral wedging, a good agreement is also observed between the calculated (28°) and the observed (25° – 30°) values.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The proposed biomechanical model presents a novel approach to realistically simulate the scoliotic deformation process in pinealectomized chickens and investigate different parameters influencing the progression of scoliosis.</p

L'affectivité et la métacognition dans la classe : des idées et des applications concrètes pour l'enseignement /

Index: p. 371-37