Jaber: Reflections on a Luo Aesthetic Expression

As a common expression, the Luo word jaber seems to be ordinary or even casual, yet it is a capsule of profound ideas within the context of Luo aesthetics. Jaber literally means “a person of beauty”: it is often used to describe females who have exceptional physical qualities that make them outstandingly attractive and deeply pleasurable to look at. The article advances the view that the term jaber offers us a key to understanding the aesthetics of the Luo of Kenya and of Western Nilotic-speakers in general. The author drew from personal experience, informal interviews, unpublished songs and existing literature as a basis for description and analysis of jaber. The picture that emerged suggested that visual beauty is only one layer of the meaning of jaber. Exploration of other layers and meanings in a broad context revealed that the expression points to aesthetic ideals, and can therefore be regarded as artistic. Dholuo speakers use the term to express appreciation of what they see, hear and feel; but it is also an intellectual tool used to offer a critique of concrete and non-concrete objects. The article is a contribution to the discourse on East African aesthetics. Key WordsJaber, beautiful, aesthetic expression, verbal communication, Lu

Ecolabelling and Fisheries Management

RAFMS (Rapid Appraisal of Fisheries Managment Systems) designed by ICLARM is a semistructural research tool designed to quickly document and evaluate exisiting local-level fisheries management systems in a given coastal community. The results of RAFMS will provide direction for undertaking more formal research or quantitative surveys to describe institutional arrangements and performance. RAFMS is suited to the village level, or to a cluster of villages within a defined marine unit such as a bay. It's emphasis is on the evaluation of the rights and rules system governing the use of the fisheries resources at the local level. The approach is also participatory because it is designed for the joint use of RAFMS practitioners and local researchers in collaboration with local fishing communities. The mode of community participation, however, is consultative. This Version 1 of the guide was published with the anticipation of future feedback. Version 1 had been tested for two years prior to being published in collaboration with ICLARM's research partners at: Ulugan Bay and Binunsalian Bay in Palawan, Asia (Southeastern)-Philippines; and Nolloth Village at Saparua Isalnd in Indonesia

Navigation of the TSS-1 mission

The Tethered Satellite System Mission was analyzed to determine its impacts on the Mission Control Center (MCC) Navigation section's ability to maintain an accurate state vector for the Space Shuttle during nominal and off-nominal flight operations. Tether dynamics expected on the Shuttle introduces new phenomena when determining the best estimation of its position and velocity. In the analysis, emphasis was placed on determining the navigation state vectors accuracies resulting when the tether induced forces were and were not modeled as an additional acceleration upon processing tracking measurements around a TSS-1 trajectory. Results of the analyses show that when the forces are not modeled in the state vector generation process, the resulting solution state reflects a solution about the center of gravity of the tethered system and not that of the orbiter. The Navigation team's ability to provide accurate state vector estimates necessary for trajectory planning are impeded. In addition to this consequent, is an impact on Onboard Navigation state vector accuracies. These analyses will show that in order to preserve an accurate state onboard the orbiter a new operational procedure would have to be adopted

Thoughts on Earned Value Assessments

This slide presentation reviews the concepts of Earned Value reporting and Earned Value Metrics (EVM) and the implementation for the Constellation Program. EVM is used to manage both the contract and civil service workforce, and used as a measure of contractor costs and performance. The Program EVM is not as useful for Level of Effort tasking, for either contractor, or civil service employees. Some issues and concerns in reference to EVM and the process for the use of EVM for Mission assurance are reviewed

Towards Sustainable Development of Small-Scale Fisheries in the Philippines: Experiences and Lessons Learned from Eight Regional Sites

The focus of this paper is on the governance of small-scale or municipal fisheries in the Philippines in light of the critical role they play in the livelihoods of coastal communities and in the nation as a whole. The information and insights presented in this lessons learned brief derive from the project entitled Strengthening Governance and Sustainability of Small-Scale Fisheries Management in the Philippines: An Ecosystem Approach. The project was funded principally by the Department of Agriculture's Bureau of Agricultural Research (DA-BAR), and implemented from 2008 to 2011 by WorldFish in collaboration with the Department of Science and Technology (DOST) and selected partners. The underlying project's goal was to 'strengthen governance and sustainability of small-scale fisheries management in the Philippines.' There were a variety of objectives spread across two project phases but the primary objectives relevant to this brief include: (1) identifying issues at project sites and assessing potential for an ecosystem based approach to fisheries management, and (2) assessing current fisheries management practices at different levels of governance and identifying best practices. The purposes of this paper are twofold. First, it aims to provide brief highlights of the project findings; second, it aims to present the lessons learned in project implementation covering substantive sectoral concerns as well as methodological issues. It wraps up with some strategic directions that need to be undertaken to reverse the deteriorating conditions of small-scale fisheries (SSF) while at the same time promoting their sustainable development

Fisheries rehabilitation in post-tsunami Aceh: Status and needs from participatory appraisals

The widespread and long-term nature of the tsunami damage in Aceh province, Indonesia has threatened the continued use of coastal and fisheries resources. This article describes the application of the Rapid Appraisal of Fisheries Management System (RAFMS) methodology and presents key findings from the participatory appraisals in 15 study sites. The focus is on changes in the number and types of fishing boats and fishing effort, consumption and marketing flow patterns and community perspectives on livelihood options. The level of aid (for new boats), mainly from international organizations, has been unevenly distributed with the number of boats in 13 of 15 villages still being well below the pre-tsunami levels. A focus on supplying small vessels may put increased fishing pressure on the near-shore zone. Consumption data and marketing flows suggest that most fishing villages are supplying outside markets and adding considerably to the wider food security of the province. Despite the tsunami, marine fisheries-related livelihoods are still preferred, although there are indications for the potential expansion of livelihoods into the culture of new species. Alternative resource-based livelihoods need to be tested and refined to fit the needs of the current conditions in Aceh to provide viable options for eliminating hunger and reducing poverty

PERENCANAAN COLD STORAGE SEBAGAI PENYIMPANAN UDANG VANAME DAERAH DI KABUPATEN POHUWATO PROVINSI GORONTALO

This study describes the calculation of cold storage analysis for planning the preservation of vannamei shrimp in Pohuwato Regency. The purpose of this paper is to calculate the cooling load on frozen fish cold storage, calculate the performance of the vapor compression cycle including mass flow rate, compressor power, and COP. This study uses a theoretical design method. Cold storage design for product storage. The design data was obtained from field observations. The calculation results showed that the Refrigerant used was Refrigerant 12 (R-12), a vannamei shrimp product. The cycle cooling load is 47.33 kW. Cold storage designed for the process of preserving shrimp with a capacity of 13 tons, Cooling temperature in cold storage is 10° C, Superheated temperature is 5° C, Sub cooled temperature is 5° C, Refrigerant temperature in the condenser is 35° C, Refrigerant temperature in the evaporator is 5° C, the pressure in the condenser is 0.8 MPa, the pressure in the evaporator is 0.4 MPa so that a coefficient of performance (COP) of 4.7 is obtained

Access to fisheries in the maritime frontier of Palawan Province, Philippines

© 2018 Department of Geography, National University of Singapore and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd Globally, capital investments are intensifying extraction and contestation over resources in frontier spaces, yet most discussion has focused on terrestrial frontiers. This paper shifts this focus to bring a scaled political ecology approach to examine the access dynamics of fisheries trade in the maritime frontier of Palawan province, the Philippines. We adapt the linked concepts of access and exclusion to highlight how access dynamics unfold at multiple scales. At the local scale, social relations of class and ethnicity serve as important markers of difference that inform control over access to fisheries resources. At the regional scale, we show how engagement in fisheries trade is also shaped by broader historical and geographical contexts of migration and land use change. Access dynamics unfold at multiple inter-related scales to heavily influence the differentiated social outcomes of expanded fisheries trade

Towards improved linkage between research and management in marine fisheries

This article provides an example of weak linkages between research and fisheries management despite the pressure of many "actors" and institutions on both sides. Managers must learn to listen to scientists; the latter need to become entrepreneural; and appropriate fora are required to bring the actors together