Correlated Factors of Working Efficiency of Supporting Staff at Kasem Bundit University

AbstractThe objectives of the research paper are to study the satisfaction factors related to the level of working efficiency and to compare the efficient factors among relevant factors: individual, problems, difficulties and suggestions to encourage working efficiency of supporting staff of Kasem Bundit University. Two sample groups of 186 quantitative samples and 32 qualitative samples are the foci of the study. The independent variables of the study are individual factors and the relevant impact factors on work effectiveness. The dependent variable is the efficiency of supporting staff at Kasem Bundit University. The questionnaire and interview formats are applied in the study. Percentage and average means data are analyzed. The Standard Deviation, t- test and One Way ANOVA are applied in defining among variables from the responsive questionnaires using Pearson Correlation.The findings are as follows: the majority of the respondents are female, with ages ranging from 28 to 32, single, Bachelor's Degree holder, with working experiences of over 10 years, with the supporting staff positions, and having income between 10,000 and 15,000 baht. The effect of the level of satisfaction's factors on the efficiency of working of supporting staff at Kasem Bundit University are divided as follows: on job promotion as an average level, on administrator as a high level, on co-workers as a high level, on income as a low level, on fringe benefit as a low level, job responsibility as an average level, on working environment as an average level, on fairness as an average level, on management and policy as an average level. The working efficiency of supporting staff Kasem Bundit University are as follows: the individual efficiency, the background of working experience, working procedure, and the working achievement as a high level. The finding of the hypothesis is at acceptable level of 0.01 on the following factors: promotion, administrators, co-workers, income and fringe benefit, job responsibilities, working environment, fairness, management and policy related to the working efficiency of supporting staff, Kasem Bundit University. The findings of the hypothesis on the comparison of working efficiency of supporting staff Kasem Bundit University on individual are considerably no difference factors. The study found that the most significant factors on problems and difficulties are inappropriate, insufficient, and out-of-date office equipments. In addition, lack of motivation on uncertainty evaluation of yearly income and benefits. The interview result shows that the relevant factors on supporting staff are insufficient personnel, lack of service minded staff, independable staff, and unsystematic working style

Emerging treatments in neurogastroenterology: a multidisciplinary working group consensus statement on opioid-induced constipation

BACKGROUND: Opioids are effective for acute and chronic pain conditions, but their use is associated with often difficult-to-manage constipation and other gastrointestinal (GI) effects due to effects on peripheral μ-opioid receptors in the gut. The mechanism of opioid-induced constipation (OIC) differs from that of functional constipation (FC), and OIC may not respond as well to most first-line treatments for FC. The impact of OIC on quality of life (QoL) induces some patients to decrease or stop their opioid therapy to relieve or avoid constipation. PURPOSE: At a roundtable meeting on OIC, a working group developed a consensus definition for OIC diagnosis across disciplines and reviewed current OIC treatments and the potential of treatments in development. By consensus, OIC is defined as follows: ‘A change when initiating opioid therapy from baseline bowel habits that is characterized by any of the following: reduced bowel movement frequency, development or worsening of straining to pass bowel movements, a sense of incomplete rectal evacuation, or harder stool consistency’. The working group noted the prior validation of a patient response outcome and end point for clinical trials and recommended future efforts to create treatment guidelines and QoL measures specific for OIC. Details from the working group’s discussion and consensus recommendations for patient care and research are presented in this article