Consequences of Covid-19 on the Social Isolation of the Chinese Economy: Accounting for the Role of Reduction in Carbon Emissions

The main contribution of the present study to the energy literature is linked to the interaction between economic growth and pollution emission amidst globalization. Unlike other studies, this research explores the effect of economic and social isolation as a dimension of globalization. This allows underpinning the effects on the Chinese economic development of the isolation phenomenon as a consequence of coronavirus (COVID-19). To this end, annual time frequency data is used to achieve the hypothesized claims. The study resolutions include (i) The existence of a long-run equilibrium bond between the outlined variables (ii) The long-run estimates suggest that the Chinese economy over the investigated period, is inelastic to pollutant–driven economic growth as reported by the dynamic ordinary least squares, fully modified ordinary least squares and canonical regressions with a magnitude of 0.09%. (iii) The Chinese isolation is less responsive to its economic growth while the country political willpower is elastic as demonstrated by current government commitment to dampen the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. This is marked by the aggressive response on the government officials resolute by flattening the exponential impact of the pandemic. Based on these robust results some far-reaching policy implication(s) are underlined in the concluding remark section

Economy and Divorces: Their Impact Over Time on the Self-Employment Rates in Spain

The paper used time-series data and examined the effect of economic and social variables on the male and female self-employment rates in Spain. We also employed cointegration analysis (with and without) structural breaks. We thus find strong evidence that long run relationships exist among the variables. More precisely, we find that the unemployment rates and the ratio of self-employment to employees’ earnings have a positive effect on self-employment, whereas, economic development and divorce rates have a negative effect. Importantly, we find that the economic variables have equal or stronger long run impact on females than males, with both groups reacting to changes in family circumstances. Finally, we show that the short run family circumstances are better predictors of self-employment choices rather than economic factors, with self-employment being a means of adjustment to new personal circumstances and economic needs

Sessarego: Scaled laboratory experiments of shallow water acoustic propagation

Laboratory experiments in underwater acoustics aim at the validation of theoretical acoustic propagation models in well controlled environments. The experimental tank of the LMA Laboratory provides an ideal environment for testing long range propagation codes. The tank is relatively long and the water depth is adjustable in order to simulate real propagation experiments in environments of variable depths. The purpose of this paper is to describe the experimental procedure for the realization of a long range propagation experiment in an experimental tank, using sources of appropriate frequency. The bottom of the tank was covered by a thick layer of fine sand with well known properties to simulate a real.stic sea-bed. It was supposed to be horizontal and perfectly flat without any ripples on the surface. The measured, monochromatic continuous wave, signals are processed to provide the acoustic field at various depths and ranges in the tank in decibels, and are compared with theoretical models based on normal-mode theory and parabolic equations. The comparison in the cases studied, which corresponded to shallow water transmissions are encouraging. Technological problems and scaling factors are also discussed. PACS no. 43.30.Zk 1