Building a Parallel Corpus on the World's Oldest Banking Magazine

We report on our processing steps to build a diachronic parallel corpus based on the world's oldest banking magazine. The magazine has been published since 1895 in German, with translations in French and partly in English and Italian. Our data sources are printed issues (until 1997), PDF issues (since 1998) and HTML files (since 2001). The corpus building poses special challenges in article boundary recognition and cross-language article and sentence alignment. Our corpus fills a gap in parallel corpora with respect to genre (magazine articles), domain (banking and economy articles), and its time span (120 years)

Relating Profile Wall Root-Length Density Estimates to Monolith Root-Length Density Measurements of Cover Crops

Different methods have been proposed for in situ root-length density (RLD) measurement. One widely employed is the time-consuming sampling of soil cores or monoliths (MO). The profile wall (PW) method is a less precise, but faster and less laborious alternative. However, depth-differentiated functions to convert PW RLD estimates to MO RLD measurements have not yet been reported. In this study, we perform a regression analysis to relate PW results to MO results and determine whether calibration is possible for distinct crop groups (grasses, brassicas and legumes) consisting of pure and mixed stands, and whether soil depth affects this calibration. The methods were applied over two years to all crop groups and their absolute and cumulative RLD were compared using a linear (LR) and multiple linear (MLR) regression. PW RLD was found to highly underestimate MO RLD in absolute values and in highly rooted areas. However, a close agreement between both methods was found for cumulative root-length (RL) when applying MLR, highlighting the influence of soil depth. The level of agreement between methods varied strongly with depth. Therefore, the application of PW as the main RLD estimation method can provide reliable estimates of cumulative root distribution traits of cover crops.Peer Reviewe

Multilingual Workflows in Bullinger Digital: Data Curation for Latin and Early New High German

This paper presents how we enhanced the accessibility and utility of historical linguistic data in the project Bullinger Digital. The project involved the transformation of 3,100 letters, primarily available as scanned PDFs, into a dynamic, fully digital format. The expanded digital collection now includes 12,000 letters, 3,100 edited, 5,400 transcribed, and 3,500 represented through detailed metadata and results from handwritten text recognition. Central to our discussion is the innovative workflow developed for this multilingual corpus. This includes strategies for text normalisation, machine translation, and handwritten text recognition, particularly focusing on the challenges of code-switching within historical documents. The resulting digital platform features an advanced search system, offering users various filtering options such as correspondent names, time periods, languages, and locations. It also incorporates fuzzy and exact search capabilities, with the ability to focus searches within specific text parts, like summaries or footnotes. Beyond detailing the technical process, this paper underscores the project’s contribution to historical research and digital humanities. While the Bullinger Digital platform serves as a model for similar projects, the corpus behind it demonstrates the vast potential for data reuse in historical linguistics. The project exemplifies how digital humanities methodologies can revitalise historical text collections, offering researchers access to and interaction with historical data. This paper aims to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of our project’s scope and broader implications for the field of digital humanities, highlighting the transformative potential of such digital endeavours in historical linguistic research

Time-resolved in vivo ubiquitinome profiling by DIA-MS reveals USP7 targets on a proteome-wide scale.

Mass spectrometry (MS)-based ubiquitinomics provides system-level understanding of ubiquitin signaling. Here we present a scalable workflow for deep and precise in vivo ubiquitinome profiling, coupling an improved sample preparation protocol with data-independent acquisition (DIA)-MS and neural network-based data processing specifically optimized for ubiquitinomics. Compared to data-dependent acquisition (DDA), our method more than triples identification numbers to 70,000 ubiquitinated peptides in single MS runs, while significantly improving robustness and quantification precision. Upon inhibition of the oncology target USP7, we simultaneously record ubiquitination and consequent changes in abundance of more than 8,000 proteins at high temporal resolution. While ubiquitination of hundreds of proteins increases within minutes of USP7 inhibition, we find that only a small fraction of those are ever degraded, thereby dissecting the scope of USP7 action. Our method enables rapid mode-of-action profiling of candidate drugs targeting DUBs or ubiquitin ligases at high precision and throughput

Use of a hydrophilic coating wire reduces significantly the rate of central vein punctures and the incidence of pneumothorax in totally implantable access port (TIAP) surgery

Background: Insertion of a Totally Implantable Access Port (TIAP) can be performed either via Central Vein Puncture (CVP) or Brachiocephalic Vein Cut-down (venous section-VS). The primary success rate of TIAP implantation using VS rarely ever achieves 100%. The objective of this study was to describe a modified VS approach using a hydrophilic coated wire (TVS). Methods: From 01.01.2015 to 31.12.2015, all patients receiving TIAP implantations were screened. During this time, all patients in whom the primary VS procedure was found to be unsuccessful were analysed. Results: In 2015, 1152 patients had TIAP implantations performed by 24 different surgeons. Of these, 277 patients needed a second line rescue strategy either by CVP (n= 69) or TVS (n= 208). There were no statistically significant differences regarding demographics or indication for TIAP implantation between CVP and TVS. The operation time and the qualification of the operating surgeon between CVP and TVS did not differ significantly. After the introduction of the guidewire with a hydrophilic coated wire, the need for CVP decreased significantly from 12.7% to 8.8% (p< 0.0001). In patients receiving CVP as a second line rescue strategy, the incidence of pneumothorax (n= 3 patients (4.3%)) was significantly higher compared to patients with TVS as a second line rescue strategy (n= 1 patient (0.48%),p=0.02). Conclusion: The use of a hydrophilic coated wire significantly decreased the number of CVP and the incidence of pneumothorax. TVS is a safe and successful second-line rescue strategy

Phase Noise of SAW Delay Line Magnetic Field Sensors

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors for the detection of magnetic fields are currently being studied scientifically in many ways, especially since both their sensitivity as well as their detectivity could be significantly improved by the utilization of shear horizontal surface acoustic waves, i.e., Love waves, instead of Rayleigh waves. By now, low-frequency limits of detection (LOD) below 100 pT/Hz can be achieved. However, the LOD can only be further improved by gaining a deep understanding of the existing sensor-intrinsic noise sources and their impact on the sensor's overall performance. This paper reports on a comprehensive study of the inherent noise of SAW delay line magnetic field sensors. In addition to the noise, however, the sensitivity is of importance, since both quantities are equally important for the LOD. Following the necessary explanations of the electrical and magnetic sensor properties, a further focus is on the losses within the sensor, since these are closely linked to the noise. The considered parameters are in particular the ambient magnetic bias field and the input power of the sensor. Depending on the sensor's operating point, various noise mechanisms contribute to f0 white phase noise, f-1 flicker phase noise, and f-2 random walk of phase. Flicker phase noise due to magnetic hysteresis losses, i.e. random fluctuations of the magnetization, is usually dominant under typical operating conditions. Noise characteristics are related to the overall magnetic and magnetic domain behavior. Both calculations and measurements show that the LOD cannot be further improved by increasing the sensitivity. Instead, the losses occurring in the magnetic material need to be decreased

Exploring The Total Soil Volume: Root Length Densities And Rooting Depth Of Different Cover Crops Determined With The Profile Wall Method

Roots of cover crops are important for nutrient uptake and prevention of nitrogen leaching. Root length density (RLD) and rooting depth of eight cover crop species were determined with the profile wall method before and after winter. High RLD was found for winter rye and crimson clover. A gain in RLD during winter was detected for winter rye and crimson clover, whereas bristle oat, oil radish, oil radish ‘deeptill’ and phacelia reduced RLD during winter. Great rooting depth before winter were found for oil radish and winter turnip rape. Mixtures of cover crops with a high RLD and a deep-rooting cover crops might be an approach to enlarge nitrogen uptake from the soil by cover crops’ roots

LigaSure Impact™ versus conventional dissection technique in pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy in clinical suspicion of cancerous tumours on the head of the pancreas: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The pp-Whipple procedure requires extensive preparation. The conventional preparation technique is done with scissors for dissection and ligatures, and with clips and sutures for hemostasis. This procedure is very time-consuming and requires numerous changes of instruments. The LigaSure™ device allows dissection and hemostasis for preparation with one instrument. Up to now there has been no comparison of the two techniques with regard to operating time and the patients' outcome. It is still unclear which technique has the optimal benefit/risk ratio for the patient.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>A single-center, randomized, single-blinded, controlled superiority trial to compare two different techniques for dissection in a pp-Whipple procedure. 102 patients will be included and randomized pre-operatively. All patients aged 18 years or older scheduled for primary elective pp-Whipple procedure who signed the informed consent will be included. The primary endpoint is the operating time of the randomized technique. Control Intervention: Conventional dissection technique; experimental intervention: LigaSureTM dissection technique. Duration of study: Approximately 15 months; follow up time: 3 years. The trial is registered at German ClinicalTrials Register (DRKS00000166).</p