Visibility and responsiveness: Their influences on the impact of social support

This study examined the influences of support visibility, perceived responsiveness, and adult attachment dimensions on the effects of social support. These influences were assessed for support\u27s impact on depressive symptoms, self-esteem, relationship satisfaction, perceived mattering, intimacy, and progress towards stressor resolution. A total of 99 couples recruited from the ISU Psychology Research Pool participated. Multilevel regression results failed to replicate key support visibility findings. Attachment avoidance was negatively associated with perceived responsiveness for men and with perceived support receipt for both genders. Practical support was associated with stressor resolution for men only. For men only, support receipt (but not partner provision) was associated with decreased depressive symptoms and increased selfesteem. Additional results regarding daily fluctuations in depression are also presented

Seeing what we expect to see : attachment style and the perception of facial expressions

This study examined the effects of adult attachment dimensions, the activation of the attachment system, and gender on ability to correctly identify expressions of emotion. A total of 185 undergraduates from ISU participated. Multiple regression results indicated that attachment anxiety and avoidance are negatively related to self-perceived ability to detect emotion. Results also indicated that attachment anxiety is positively related to ability to detect expressions of disgust, while attachment avoidance is negatively related to ability to detect expressions of disgust. Activation of the attachment system was associated with lower accuracy overall and more specifically for expressions of anger. Results also indicated that females were more accurate overall and more specifically for expressions of disgust and happiness

Drag in Cavitating Flow

The free streamline theory has been used for evaluation of the cavity drag of symmetrical wedges of arbitrary angle. The required conformal transformation is derived explicitly. This calculation is an extension of Riabouchinsky's theory of the cavity drag of a flat plate. As an approximation, the pressure distribution for a two-dimensional wedge is used to calculate the cavity drag of the corresponding cone of revolution. A comparison of the result of this approximation with experimental measurements made by Reichardt shows good agreement

Relation of Patients Living Without a Partner or Spouse to Being Physically Active After Acute Coronary Syndromes (from the PULSE Accelerometry Substudy)

Living alone is associated with adverse outcomes after acute coronary syndromes (ACS). One potential mediator of the relation between partner status and outcomes after ACS is physical activity. To evaluate the association of partner status with physical activity after ACS, data from 107 participants enrolled in the Prescription Use, Lifestyle, and Stress Evaluation (PULSE) study, a prospective observational study of post-ACS patients, were analyzed. Accelerometers were used to measure physical activity after hospital discharge. The primary outcome measure was a maximum 10 hours of daytime activity 1 month after discharge. One month after discharge from ACS hospitalizations, participants without a partner or spouse exhibited 24.4% lower daytime activity than those with a partner or spouse (p = 0.003). After controlling for age, gender, body mass index, Charlson co-morbidity index, and traditional psychosocial and clinical cardiovascular correlates of post-ACS physical activity, partner status remained an independent predictor of post-ACS physical activity (20.5% lower daytime activity among those without a partner or spouse, p = 0.008). In conclusion, in this study of accelerometer-measured physical activity after an ACS hospitalization, those without a partner or spouse exhibit significantly less physical activity than those with a partner or spouse 1 month after discharge from the hospital. Low physical activity may be an important mediator of the prognosis associated with partner status after ACS

Reduced Sympathetic Innervation Underlies Adjacent Noninfarcted Region Dysfunction During Left Ventricular Remodeling

AbstractObjectives. We examined the association of sympathetic denervation and reduced blood flow with mechanical dysfunction in adjacent noninfarcted regions late after myocardial infarction (MI).Background. Using a well characterized ovine model of left ventricular (LV) remodeling after transmural anteroapical MI, we previously showed that histologically normal adjacent noninfarcted regions demonstrate mechanical dysfunction.Methods. Ten sheep underwent coronary ligation. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed before and 8 weeks after infarction for measurement of LV mass, volumes, ejection fraction and regional intramyocardial circumferential shortening (%S). Iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (I-123 MIBG) and fluorescent microspheres before and after administration of adenosine were infused before death for measurement of sympathetic innervation, blood flow and blood flow reserve from matched postmortem regions.Results. From baseline to 8 weeks after infarction, LV end-diastolic volume increased from (mean ± SD) 1.5 ± 0.3 to 2.6 ± 0.5 ml/kg (p < 0.001), and LV mass increased from 2.0 ± 0.3 to 2.6 ± 0.5 g/kg (p = 0.001). Regionally, the decline in subendocardial %S was greater in adjacent (19 ± 5% to 8 ± 5%) than in remote noninfarcted regions (20 ± 6% to 19 ± 6%, p < 0.002). No difference in regional blood flow or blood flow reserve was found between adjacent and remote regions, whereas I-123 MIBG uptake was lower in adjacent than in remote myocardium (1.09 ± 0.30 vs. 1.31 ± 0.40 nmol/g, p < 0.003). Topographically, from apex to base at 8 weeks after infarction, %S correlated closely with I-123 MIBG uptake (r = 0.93, p = 0.003).Conclusions. In mechanically dysfunctional noninfarcted regions adjacent to chronic transmural myocardial infarction in the remodeled left ventricle, blood flow and blood flow reserve are preserved, yet sympathetic innervation is reduced. Chronic sympathetic denervation in adjacent noninfarcted regions, in association with regional mechanical dysfunction, may contribute to LV remodeling after infarction

RETRACTED ARTICLE: The BCL11A transcription factor directly activates RAG gene expression and V(D)J recombination

Recombination-activating gene 1 protein (RAG1) and RAG2 are critical enzymes for initiating variable-diversity-joining (VDJ) segment recombination, an essential process for antigen receptor expression and lymphocyte development. The transcription factor BCL11A is required for B cell development, but its molecular function(s) in B cell fate specification and commitment is unknown. We show here that the major B cell isoform, BCL11A-XL, binds the RAG1 promoter and Erag enhancer to activate RAG1 and RAG2 transcription in pre-B cells. We employed BCL11A overexpression with recombination substrates in a cultured pre-B cell line as well as Cre recombinase-mediated Bcl11a(lox/lox) deletion in explanted murine pre-B cells to demonstrate direct consequences of BCL11A/RAG modulation on V(D)J recombination. We conclude that BCL11A is a critical component of a transcriptional network that regulates B cell fate by controlling V(D)J recombination

Cassini RADAR Sequence Planning and Instrument Performance

The Cassini RADAR is a multimode instrument used to map the surface of Titan, the atmosphere of Saturn, the Saturn ring system, and to explore the properties of the icy satellites. Four different active mode bandwidths and a passive radiometer mode provide a wide range of flexibility in taking measurements. The scatterometer mode is used for real aperture imaging of Titan, high-altitude (around 20 000 km) synthetic aperture imaging of Titan and Iapetus, and long range (up to 700 000 km) detection of disk integrated albedos for satellites in the Saturn system. Two SAR modes are used for high- and medium-resolution (300-1000 m) imaging of Titan's surface during close flybys. A high-bandwidth altimeter mode is used for topographic profiling in selected areas with a range resolution of about 35 m. The passive radiometer mode is used to map emission from Titan, from Saturn's atmosphere, from the rings, and from the icy satellites. Repeated scans with differing polarizations using both active and passive data provide data that can usefully constrain models of surface composition and structure. The radar and radiometer receivers show very good stability, and calibration observations have provided an absolute calibration good to about 1.3 dB. Relative uncertainties within a pass and between passes can be even smaller. Data are currently being processed and delivered to the planetary data system at quarterly intervals one year after being acquired

Preparation of Surface Adsorbed and Impregnated Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube/Nylon-6 Nanofiber Composites and Investigation of their Gas Sensing Ability

We have prepared electrospun Nylon-6 nanofibers via electrospinning, and adsorbed multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) onto the surface of Nylon-6 fibers using Triton® X-100 to form a MWCNTs/Nylon-6 nanofiber composite. The dispersed MWCNTs have been found to be stable in hexafluoroisopropanol for several months without precipitation. A MWCNTs/Nylon-6 nanofiber composite based chemical sensor has demonstrated its responsiveness towards a wide range of solvent vapours at room temperature and only mg quantities of MWCNTs were expended. The large surface area and porous nature of the electrospun Nylon-6/MWCNT nanofibers facilitates greater analyte permeability. The experimental analysis has indicated that the dipole moment, functional group and vapour pressure of the analytes determine the magnitude of the responsiveness