Who Drives Economic Reform in Vietnam’s Provinces?

The authors compare two provinces in the North and two in the South, observing how different alignments of interest influence the reform process. The research shows that in those provinces which are making most progress in economic reform, the private sector played an important role. Not against government but with government. There was no formal public-private coalition, but a dynamic existed of proactive government seeking input from the private sector, and the latter lobbying for and contributing to responsive and effective government. Both national and foreign enterprises played a role, but small enterprises tended to be marginalised from the process. PLEASE NOTE: This is a Research Summary of 'Who Drives Economic Reform in Vietnam’s Provinces?', IDS Research Report 76

ARSENIC POLLUTION IN GROUNDWATER IN RED RIVER DELTA, VIETNAM : SITUATION AND HUMAN EXPOSURE

Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart

Impacts of Economic Development on the Awareness of Cultural Preservation of Ethnic Minority People in the Border Region of Northern Vietnam

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine how the Vietnamese government's economic development strategies affect ethnic minority people's knowledge of cultural preservation in the border area of Northern Vietnam.   Theoretical framework: The study focuses on three main driven factors of the awareness of cultural preservation that are economic changes, societal changes, and environmental changes from three economic fields: agriculture, industry, and trade and services.   Design/methodology/approach: The research sample was taken from ethnic minorities in Northern Vietnam's border area. For questionnaire administration, interviewees are selected at random from the population. Face-to-face, drop-off, and phone-calling approaches were used to disseminate the questionnaire. We received 544 completed returns out of 725 surveys sent out. The data was then cleaned and analyzed with SPSS 20 software using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM).   Findings: The results of a study of ethnic minority communities in seven provinces in Northern Vietnam's border region show that the development of agriculture, industry, trade and service significantly impacts ethnic minority people's awareness of cultural preservation issues due to environmental changes. In contrast, economic and sociological developments appear to have little influence on ethnic minority people's attention to cultural preservation. This phenomenon may be due to the long-term effects of economic and sociological changes, which mostly affect intangible cultural heritages. In contrast, environmental impats are felt swiftly and primarily on physical cultural heritages that can be seen.   Research, Practical & Social implications: The findings of the research provide policymakers with valuable insights on the effects of economic development on cultural preservation. The study's recommendations can inform policies that promote sustainable economic development while preserving the cultural heritage of ethnic minority communities.   Originality/value: The research focuses on the border region of Northern Vietnam, which is an area of strategic importance for economic development and cultural preservation. The study's unique focus on this region provides insights into the cultural and economic dynamics of a specific area that has not been extensively studied

DẪN LIỆU MỚI VỀ MÔI TRƯỜNG NƯỚC VÀ SINH VẬT TRONG CÁC HANG NGẦM VÀ HỒ NƯỚC MẶN KHU VỰC VỊNH HẠ LONG, CÁT BÀ

Submerged caves and saltwater lakes are 2 common habitat types in Ha Long and Cat Ba. However, depending on many different reasons so far they have been poorly studied both on environmental and biological characteristics. The initial results on environment and biological communities in 3 submerged caves (Hang Sang, Hang Toi, Qua Bang) and 3 saltwater lakes (Ang Dau Be, Ang Du, Ang Qua Bang) showed that: status of water environment was different among lakes, especially in the closed lake as Ang Du where salinity was low (9‰), while salinity in the lakes connected to the sea was equal to marine environment (23 - 27‰). Concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) in saltwater lakes was high from 7.63 - 9.03 mg/L and higher than that in submerged caves and surrounding marine environment. Physical and chemical factors of water in the submerged caves were equivalent to the marine environment because these caves are connected to the sea and water regularly goes in and out according to tidal fluctuation. Organism communities in the submerged caves were abundant with over 142 species being found. The popular groups, sponge and soft coral, were distributed along the length of the caves. Several species with high economic value were commonly observed in the caves, including stone crab Myomenippe hardwickii, flower crab Portunus pelagicus, cone snails Trochus pyramis, shoemaker spinefoot Siganus sutor, snapper Lutjanus russelii ... Species that permanently live in cave were not detected. In the lakes where water is well exchanged to the sea, coral reefs were found and they formed a narrow reef around the lake. Sandy bars often appeared around the lake at the depth of 0.5 - 2 m, containing specialty species as phi (Sanguinolaria diphos), snout otter clam (Lutraria rhynchaena), sea cucumbers with high density (Ang Dau Be, Ang Qua Bang). There was no coral reef in the closed lake (Ang Du) because of low salinity. In this lake, stratification of temperature and salinity led to temperature on surface lower than that on bottom from 30C to 60C, this phenomenon is unusual.Hang ngầm và hồ nước mặn là 2 dạng sinh cảnh khá phổ biến ở Hạ Long và Cát Bà, do nhiều nguyên nhân khác nhau đến nay chúng rất ít được quan tâm nghiên cứu. Các kết quả nghiên cứu bước đầu về môi trường và quần xã sinh vật trong 3 hang ngầm (Hang Sáng, Hang Tối, Hang Quả Bàng) và 3 hồ nước mặn (Áng Đầu Bê, Áng Dù, Áng Quả Bàng) cho thấy: Môi trường nước có sự khác biệt giữa các hồ, đặc biệt là trong hồ kín như Áng Dù có độ muối thấp (9‰), trong khi các hồ có cửa thông với biển có độ muối gần tương đương với môi trường ngoài (23 - 27‰). Hàm lượng chất khí hòa tan như DO trong các hồ nước mặn khá cao từ 7,63 - 9,03 mg/l, cao hơn trong hang ngầm và cao hơn ở môi trường biển xung quanh. Các yếu tố vật lý và hóa học trong môi trường nước tại các hang ngầm gần tương đương với môi trường bên ngoài do có các hang ngầm đều thông với biển và có nước chảy thường xuyên theo sự lên xuống của thủy triều. Quần xã sinh vật trong các hang khá phong phú với trên 142 loài được tìm thấy, phổ biến nhất là hải miên và san hô mềm, chúng phân bố dọc chiều dài hang. Có một số loài có giá trị kinh tế cao thường gặp trong hang là Cù kì Myomenippe hardwickii, ghẹ Portunus pelagicus, ốc nón Trochus pyramis, cá dìa Siganus sutor, cá hồng Lutjanus russellii ... Chưa phát hiện thấy các loài chuyên biệt sống cố định trong hang. Ở các hồ nước lưu thông với môi trường bên ngoài có sự xuất hiện của rạn san hô, chúng tạo thành một dải hẹp bao quanh hồ. Các bãi cát thường xuất hiện quanh hồ ở độ sâu 0,5 - 2 m có các loài đặc sản như phi phi, tu hài, hải sâm với mật độ khá cao (Áng Đầu Bê, Áng Quả Bàng). Trong áng kín không có rạn san hô do nước có độ muối thấp, có sự phân tầng của nhiệt độ và độ muối làm cho nhiệt độ ở tầng mặt thấp hơn tầng đáy 3 - 60C đây là hiện tượng bất thường ở các hồ này

Merosesquiterpenes from marine sponge Smenospongia cerebriformis

Using various chromatography methods, three merosesquiterpenes belonging to sesquiterpene quinone type, neodactyloquinone (1), dactyloquinone D (2), and dactyloquinone C (3) together with two indole derivatives indole-3-aldehyde (4) and indole-3-cacboxylic methyl ester (5) were isolated from the methanol extract of the Vietnamese marine sponge Smenospongia cerebriformis. Their structures were determined by 1D-, 2D-NMR spectra, HR-ESI-MS and in comparison with those reported in the literature. Keywords. Smenospongia cerebriformis, merosesquiterpene, sesquiterpene quinone, indole derivative

La génération des connaissances : un aspect méconnu du management de projet : le cas d'un établissement de santé.

Hospital Information System (HIS) is a priority of 2012 Hospital Plan ("Plan Hôpital 2012"). It should be oriented to the informatization of healthcare and hospital processes. Information sharing, including inter-enterprise and cross- enterprise one, is on the stake. At the Lorraine Cancer Center, an Electronic Patient Record is implementing. An action research was conducted on this project. We had studied the role of knowledge generation within project management. The change of an information system has a dual nature. It concerns not only a technology change, but also an organizational one. In consequence, an information system project requires the constitution of a cross-functional team. There are two existing approaches of project management. The sequential one emphasises the planning and the control techniques. The improvisational one emphasises the flexibility. In the two above approaches, stakeholders are not explicitly involved. Our research revealed that knowledge generation leads to a new management approach. This one takes into account the interaction among actors in order to make sense of the project. We had conducted an intervention which is inspired by the actor-network theory. Visual artefacts have been used to show that knowledge is created in action. The knowledge generation, as a part of the knowing process, is a key element of change management. Thus it is necessary to consider the multidimensional nature of the change. Project management should be shaped into a practice-based view. We had proposed a method of organization for reflexive inquiry that involves artefact mediation. Project management has been explicitly considered as an element of organizational learning.Le système d'information hospitalier est une des priorités du Plan Hôpital 2012. Sa mise en oeuvre doit être orientée vers l'informatisation des processus de soins. Il privilégie les échanges d'informations tant internes qu'externes aux établissements. Au Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer de Lorraine, la mise en oeuvre du Dossier Patient Informatisé et du Dossier Médical Personnel est en cours. Nous avons développé une recherche-action sur ce projet afin d'étudier le rôle de la génération des connaissances dans le management de projet. Le changement d'un système d'information est de nature profondément duale. C'est un changement de technologie associé à un changement organisationnel. Sa mise en oeuvre nécessite la constitution d'équipes projets dédiées ayant des compétences pluridisciplinaires. Il est possible de distinguer deux approches de management de projet. L'approche classique est centrée sur la planification et le contrôle. L'approche par l'improvisation organisationnelle est centrée sur la flexibilité. Dans ces deux approches, les parties prenantes et en particulier ici les utilisateurs du système d'information ne sont pas suffisamment impliqués dans le processus de changement. La génération des connaissances permet d'envisager une nouvelle démarche managériale. Elle permet de rendre compte des interactions entre les acteurs et des processus de construction de sens. En particulier, nous avons réalisé une intervention inspirée par la théorie de la traduction. L'utilisation des artefacts visuels montre que les connaissances sont générées dans l'action. La génération des connaissances est un élément essentiel de la conduite du changement. Au total, il est nécessaire de prendre en compte la nature multidimensionnelle du changement et d'inscrire le management de projet dans une épistémologie de la pratique. Nous avons présenté une méthode d'organisation du retour réflexif centrée sur la médiatisation. Le management de projet est explicitement considéré comme un élément de l'apprentissage organisationnel

La génération des connaissances dans un projet de type ERP : Le cas d'un établissement de santé

International audienceHospital Information System (HIS) is a priority of 2012 Hospital Plan (“Plan Hôpital 2012”). It should be oriented to the informatization of healthcare and hospital processes. What is on the stake is information sharing, including inter-enterprise and cross- enterprise one. At Lorraine Cancer Center, the informatization project begins with the implementation of an Electronic Content Management solution. This preliminary step represents an organizational learning phase. We had conducted an action research on this project from May 2008 to January 2010. The ethnomethodology-view had been involved in field work processes. Some artifacts are established in order to understand the successive delays overruns phenomenon. It is not a question of a bad planning. The project running needs knowledge generation processes which are enabled within the interactions of actors. Between a sequential approach of project management and an improvisational one, we believe in a medium position recognizing the role of knowledge creation in project management.Le système d'information hospitalier est une des priorités du Plan Hôpital 2012. Sa mise en oeuvre doit être orientée vers l'informatisation des processus de soins et privilégie les échanges d'informations tant internes qu'externes aux établissements. Au Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer de Lorraine, l'informatisation passe par une étape préliminaire : l'implémentation d'une solution de type Gestion Electronique Documentaire. Cette étape constitue une phase d'apprentissage organisationnel délibéré. En adoptant une approche de type ethnométhodologique, nous avons observé le déroulement du projet pendant une longue période (mai 2008 – janvier 2010) tout en étant partie prenante (recherche-action). La construction d'artefacts nous permet de rendre compte des « retards » successifs enregistrés dans le déroulement de ce projet. Il ne s'agit pas d'une mauvaise planification. Le déroulement du projet nécessite une génération de savoirs qui ne peut préexister. Ces savoirs apparaissent dans les interactions entre acteurs internes de l'équipe projet et également avec les parties prenantes externes. Entre une vision trop séquentielle du management de projet et une vision de type « organizational improvisations », nous montrons l'existence d'une voie médiane en plaçant la génération des savoirs au centre de la dynamique du projet

La génération des connaissances au secours du management de projet ? Le cas du système d’information d’un établissement de santé

Le management de projet qui s’est développé depuis les années 1940, ne prend pas en compte aujourd’hui la théorie de la génération des connaissances (knowledge creation theory). En adoptant une épistémologie de la pratique et à l’aide d’une recherche-action, nous montrerons que le déroulement du projet produit les connaissances nouvelles dont il a besoin (knowing) grâce à des microprocessus d’interactions. Ils mettent en jeu des connaissances tacites au sens de Polanyi repris par Duguid et Tsoukas. Le projet est alors traversé par un ensemble de tensions et de controverses au sens d’Engeström. Il en découle des implications managériales en matière de pilotage de projet.While project management has developed since the 1940s, it still does not take account of knowledge creation theory. Our research aims to demonstrate that knowledge is generated during project implementation. We adopt a practice-based approach and conduct action-research. The hospital information system case shows that knowledge is created through interaction micro-processes (knowing). These processes involve tacit knowledge, as defined by Polanyi, Duguid and Tsoukas. The project is then affected by tensions and controversies, according to Engeström, and these have implications for project management.La gestión de proyecto que se ha desarrollado desde la década de 1940 no tiene en cuenta la teoría actual de la generación del conocimiento (knowledge creation theory). Mediante la adopción de una epistemiología de la práctica y con la ayuda de una búsqueda de acción, demostraremos que el desarrollo de un proyecto genera nuevos conocimientos necesarios (knowing) gracias a microprocesos de interacciones. Estos procesos implican conocimientos tácitos como los de Polanyi, Duguid y Tsoukas. Se entrecruzan en el proyecto una serie de tensiones y de controversias según Engeström. Los resultados presentan implicaciones en cuanto a la gestión del proyecto

Les équipes projets multidisciplinaires : intercompréhension et médiation

International audienc

An Electrochemical Sensor Based on Gold Nanodendrite/Surfactant Modified Electrode for Bisphenol A Detection

In the present work, we reported the simple way to fabricate an electrochemical sensing platform to detect Bisphenol A (BPA) using galvanostatic deposition of Au on a glassy carbon electrode covered by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). This material (CTAB) enhances the sensitivity of electrochemical sensors with respect to the detection of BPA. The electrochemical response of the modified GCE to BPA was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The results displayed a low detection limit (22 nm) and a linear range from 0.025 to 10 µm along side with high reproducibility (RSD = 4.9% for seven independent sensors). Importantly, the prepared sensors were selective enough against interferences with other pollutants in the same electrochemical window. Notably, the presented sensors have already proven their ability in detecting BPA in real plastic water drinking bottle samples with high accuracy (recovery range = 96.60%–102.82%) and it is in good agreement with fluorescence measurements