'and-a-half' Numeral constructions in Hindi

Complex numerals combine via addition and multiplication in the syntax from a sequence of simplex numerals. In this paper, we investigate a novel class of numerals labeled ‘and-a-half’ numerals which can combine with simplex numerals via addition resulting in a simplex numeral. But across languages, the presence of ‘and-a-half’ limits the formation of complex numerals to only via multiplication. Further addition of another numeral in this structure considerably degrades the construction. This paper focuses on Hindi data and seeks to explain this restriction placed by ‘and-a-half’ by investigating its pragmatic role in setting standards of precision. The analysis presented here predicts that the planning component in communicating standards of precision is encoded at the phrasal level where once you set a low standard of precision you cannot arbitrarily raise it - which is exactly what happens when an additive component is introduced in the structure

Attitude Dynamics Modeling of Nanosatellites with Flexible Deployable Structures

Maxwell is a student built CubeSat scheduled for launch in 2021. The satellite is being designed to carry and deploy a large reflectarray antenna for in-orbit ground communication testing. This paper develops a general model of a satellite with deployable boom-like structures and analyzes the effects of flexing dynamics of such deployables on the attitude performance of a three-axis stabilized CubeSat. The deployables are modeled as point tip masses with stiffness and damping properties tailored to represent those of the actual booms. The model is simulated with typical CubeSat attributes, while the mass and natural frequency of the deployables is varied. Deviations from the nominal position of the deployable are studied under large attitude correction and slewing maneuvers to estimate transient and steady state performances. Influence of mass of the deployable on controller gain constraints is analyzed. The analysis is then applied to the Maxwell CubeSat in a deployed reflectarray antenna configuration to study in-orbit attitude control performance

Internet of Things and Supply Chains: A Framework for Identifying Opportunities for Improvement and Its Application

Management and technology experts believe that the internet of things (IoT) has the potential to radically transform today’s supply chains. Several practice-focused publications describe various ways in which IoT capabilities can affect the supply chains in positive and negative ways. However, no generic framework describing the peculiar effects of IoT on supply chains has yet emerged. This study presents a theoretical framework to articulate the distinct ways in which the IoT can influence the management of supply chains. The use of this framework is illustrated by applying it to identify opportunities for improving two supply chains: the supply chain described in the famed “Beer Distribution Game” and a revised version of that supply chain. This framework, grounded in the foundation of organizational information processing theory, can be of practical use in guiding organizations envision novel ways to improve the performance of their supply chains by deploying the IoT capabilities.C.H. Robinso

Rapid Effects of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D\u3csub\u3e3\u3c/sub\u3e on Calcium Uptake in Isolated Chick Enterocytes

25-Hydroxyvitamin D3[25(OH)D3] is a metabolite of vitamin D3 that has long been considered to be an inactive precursor of the hormonally active metabolite 1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3[l,25(OH)2D3]; consequently very few studies have addressed the potential biological activity of 25(OH)2D3. However, it is known that 100 nM 25(OH)2D3 increases calcium transport in the perfused duodenal loop of the chicken to 200% of controls within 20 minutes. The hypothesis of the current study is that 25(OH)2D3 may be a hormonally active metabolite and its effects can be studied in isolated chick enterocytes. To begin testing this postulate, time course studies of 45Ca uptake were undertaken in isolated intestinal cells (from 7 wk chicks). After establishing the basal uptake of 45Ca for 5 minutes, cells were treated with vehicle(\u3c 0.01% v/v ethanol, final concentration) or 25 nM, 50 nM, 100 nM, or 300 nM 25(OH)2D3 and samples were taken at T = 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 min. With increasing concentrations of steroid, the enterocyte 45Ca decreased. The optimal concentration of 100 nM 25(OH)2D3 induced the most rapid response: within 1 min 45Ca decreased to 54% of controls (P \u3c 0.001) and 70% of the controls at T= 3, 5, and 7 min (P \u3c 0.01 to \u3c 0.05, relative to controls). Comparison of the 7- min time points for 25 nM, 50 nM, 100 nM, and 300 nM 25(OH)2D3 appeared to yield a biphasic dose response curve with values of 45Ca observed at 99% (NS, not significant), 75% (P \u3c 0.05), 70%(P \u3c 0.01%), and 80% (NS) of corresponding controls, respectively. Physiological levels of 24,25(OH)2D3 (6.5 nM) inhibited the action of 100 nM 25(OH)2D3 in isolated chick enterocytes. Time course studies with isolated enterocytes from 14 wk and 28 wk chickens treated with 100 nM 25(OH)2D3 also showed decreased responsiveness: at T= 1 min 45Ca levels in 7 wk, 14 wk, and 28 wk were 54% (P \u3c 0.01), 83% (NS), and 80% (NS) of corresponding controls, respectively. Experiments with the calcium channel activator BAY K8644 (2 μM) and protein kinase A (PKA) activator forskolin (20 μM) revealed enhanced levels of 45Ca at T= 10 min that were 132% and 140% of corresponding controls, respectively (each, P \u3c 0.05). Phorbol ester treatment of the cells resulted in significant increases in the levels of 45Ca between the treated cells and corresponding controls at T=7 and 10 min. Cells treated with 100 nM 25(OH)2D3 revealed 89.8% and 78.4% increases above controls in PKA activity at T =1 min (P \u3c 0.05) and T=3 min, relative to corresponding controls. However, there was no evidence for the activation of PKC by 25(OH)2D3 during the time period studied

Psychological Morbidity in Students of Medical College and Science and Art College Students - A Comparative Study

Considering the importance of quality of life in medical students we have conducted a cross sectional & descriptive study on screening of mental illness of 60 medical students of prefinal year and comparing it with 60 students of third year of Science and Art College. Students were selected via random sampling. GHQ-12 was used as a screening tool and after obtaining scores students were graded in 3 categories - individuals screened positive for psychological morbidity were of Grades 2 and 3 and individuals screened negative for psychological morbidity were of Grade 1 and they were compared according to college, gender & residence. Students screened positive for psychological morbidity as per GHQ-12 were found higher in medical college (87%) as compared to Science and Art College (45%) and a statistically significant association was found between psychological morbidity and medical students. Psychological morbidity was not significantly associated with residence and gender

Dibromidobis(triphenyl­arsine)palladium(II)

In the title compound, [PdBr2(C18H15As)2], the PdII ion resides on a centre of symmetry and is coordinated by two As atoms [Pd—As = 2.4184 (3) Å] and two Br anions [Pd—Br = 2.4196 (3) Å] in a slightly distorted square-planar geometry [As—Pd—Br = 90.12 (1)°]. The crystal packing exhibits weak inter­molecular C—H⋯Br inter­actions

Patent Analysis as a Tool for Research Planning: Case Study

The availability and ready access to computerized patent databases makes it possible to discover trends and relationships in research. Not all research gets published in papers and a lot of information is made available to the public through patents, a detailed analysis of patents granted on a particular area of research can provide some missing information. By analysing the patents and studying the prior art, the research gaps can be identified and the research work to be taken up can be focused. The main aim of the work presented in this paper is the application of patent analysis in research planning. For this purpose, tea, which has gained importance over the years for its medicinal properties, has been taken as a case study. Studying the synthesis and accumulation of catechins is the focus of research not only in India but also worldwide. Hence, a complete analysis of the patents granted on the work related to research on the steps of metabolic pathway of catechin was done and the results are presented in this paper. The analysis has been done using various criteria, like the patenting trend over the years, a comparison of the assignees playing a major role, a comparison of the technology used in different patents and the patenting activity across the groups