Possible futures for groundwater in Burkina Faso under a changing climate

This narrative describes three possible future scenarios for water resources in Burkina Faso and the human and socio-economic impacts that might be experienced by people living in rural areas. The narratives aim to stimulate discussion towards realistic policy responses and the decision support tools needed to assist future planning needs. It is important to recognise that the scenarios do not represent every possible outcome projected by hydroclimate models, and resulting impacts will be contextualised by local circumstances. See here for information about BRAVE (www.walker.ac.uk) and the UPGro programme: upgro.org/consortium/brave2/

The impact of the newer knowledge of nutrition Nutrition science and nutrition policy, 1900-1939

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:DX188569 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Do target and non-target ethnic group adolescents process advertisements differently?

Research on ethnic advertisements has identified attitudinal differences between target and non-target groups. However, investigators have largely failed to explain the reasons behind these differences. Accordingly, this study examines the process by which target and non-target group adolescents build attitudes towards ethnically focused advertisements. The Elaboration Likelihood Model and Dual Mediation Hypothesis models are used as theoretical and operational frameworks. This study uses a modified DMH model that incorporates ethnic identity strength and self-reference as important antecedents of ad attitude and ad cognition in the context of ethnic advertising. The data are analysed with the help of structural equation modelling procedures. The results suggest that non-target ethnic group adolescents generally process advertisements in a peripheral manner, whereas target ethnic group adolescents tend to engage in both central and peripheral processing. More importantly, for both majority and minority groups, the strength of subjects’ ethnic identity and self-reference impact their response to ethnic advertisements when the advertisement is compatible with their ethnic background

O endosso por celebridade e a gestão da imagem da marca: evidências empíricas a partir do estudo da marca Ipanema Gisele Bündchen

Um conceito fundamental para a compreensão do papel desempenhado pelas marcas nas sociedades é o de posicionamento. De acordo com Ries e Trout (1986), o enfoque essencial do posicionamento não está em criar algo novo ou diferente, e sim em reconhecer o que está dentro da mente dos consumidores e posicionar o produto valendo-se das conexões existentes. Uma abordagem que tem despertado interesse é o paradigma do arquétipo, que postula a exist��ncia do inconsciente coletivo, uma estrutura da psiqué que conteria as "imagens coletivas" comuns ao gênero humano que representam uma tendência inata para perceber a realidade de uma determinada forma. Neste sentido, pesquisadores propõem que a utilização de celebridades endossantes é uma forma poderosa de transferir significados simbólicos para as marcas. Assim sendo, este estudo integra os conceitos da Teoria dos Arquétipos de Jung e de posicionamento de marca, tendo como objetivo compreender como uma empresa realiza o processo de transferência do significado simbólico proveniente de uma celebridade endossante para a imagem de uma marca, dotando-as dos elementos arquetípicos que possibilitem a conexão entre a imagem da marca e as inclinações psicológicas dos consumidores, resultando em um posicionamento de marca efetivo. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa exploratória relacionada às estratégias de posicionamento adotadas para a marca Ipanema Gisele Bündchen, por meio da qual foi possível compreender de que forma ocorre a transferência do significado simbólico de uma celebridade para a imagem da marca, resultando em considerações teóricas e empíricas capazes de oferecer suporte aos processos estratégicos e gerenciais de posicionamento de marca.A key concept for understanding the role of brands in societies is the positioning. According to Ries and Trout (1986), the focus of the position is not essential in creating something new or different, but to recognize what's inside the mind of consumers and positioning the product taking advantage of existing connections. One approach that has attracted attention is the paradigm of the archetype, which postulates the existence of the collective unconscious, a structure of the psyche that would contain the "collective images" common to mankind that represents an innate tendency to perceive reality in a certain way. In this sense, researchers suggest that the use of celebrity endorsers is a powerful way to transfer symbolic meanings for brands. Thus, this study integrates the concepts of the Theory of Archetypes of Jung and brand positioning aiming to understand how a company performs the transfer process of the symbolic meaning from a celebrity endorser for the brand image, providing them with the archetypal elements that enable the connection between the brand image and psychological consumers' inclinations, resulting in an effective brand positioning. For this purpose, was developed an exploratory research related to the strategies adopted for positioning the brand Ipanema Gisele Bündchen, whereby it was possible to understand how occurs the transfer of the symbolic meaning related to a celebrity for the brand image, resulting in theoretical and empirical considerations that could support the strategic and managerial processes of brand positioning