19 research outputs found

    ΠžΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ диагностики ΠΈ лСчСния посттравматичСского онихолизиса

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    Onycholysis is a peculiar and prevalent nail affection conditioned by the detachment of the distal part of the nail from the nail bed. The absence of any reliable diagnostics criteria often results in diagnostics errors, inadequate treatment and reduced patient’s life quality. Goal of the research. To find out whether it is possible to use OCT for diagnosing onycholysis and Merz Spezial Dragees for the treatment of posttraumatic onycholysis, and to reasonably confirm the drug efficacy using OCT. Materials and methods. The study involved 15 volunteers with posttraumatic onycholysis aged 20-35 (mean age: 28) including 12 female and 3 male subjects. One nail was affected in 7 cases, and two nails were affected in 8 cases. The area of the onycholysis zone was less than one third of the nail area (mean NAPSI value: 2.9 points). For the purposes of clinical control over the efficacy of Merz Spezial Dragees and nail monitoring, the OCT method was applied. Tests were performed 5 and 7 weeks after the observation and treatment onset. Results. Merz Spezial Dragees contribute to faster regression of clinical manifestations of posttraumatic onycholysis and recovery of the normal state of the nail.ΠžΠ½ΠΈΡ…ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ - своСобразноС ΠΈ часто Π²ΡΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ³Ρ‚Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°, обусловлСнноС отслоСниСм Π΄ΠΈΡΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ части Π½ΠΎΠ³Ρ‚Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ пластины ΠΎΡ‚ Π½ΠΎΠ³Ρ‚Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ°. ΠžΡ‚ΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… диагностичСских ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ΅Π² Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ диагностичСским ошибкам, Π½Π΅Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ, сниТСнию качСства ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°. ЦСль Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹. Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ использования оптичСской ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΈ (ОКВ) для диагностики онихолизиса, примСнСния Π‘ΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π”Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠœΠ΅Ρ€Ρ† для лСчСния посттравматичСского онихолизиса ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ эффСктивности ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π° с использованиСм ОКВ. ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. Π’ исслСдовании приняли участиС 15 Π΄ΠΎΠ±Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡ†Π΅Π² (12 ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ 3 ΠΌΡƒΠΆΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹) Π² возрастС ΠΎΡ‚ 20 Π΄ΠΎ 35 Π»Π΅Ρ‚ (срСдний возраст 28 Π»Π΅Ρ‚) с посттравматичСским онихолизисом. Π’ 7 случаях Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ногтСвая пластина, Π² 8 случаях - Π΄Π²Π΅. ΠŸΠ»ΠΎΡ‰Π°Π΄ΡŒ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ‹ онихолизиса составляла Π½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 1/3 ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ‰Π°Π΄ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ³Ρ‚Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ пластины (срСднСС Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ индСкса NAPSI - 2,9 Π±Π°Π»Π»Π°). ΠžΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ клиничСский ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ эффСктивности Π‘ΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π”Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠœΠ΅Ρ€Ρ† ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³ состояния Π½ΠΎΠ³Ρ‚Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ОКВ. ИсслСдованиС повторяли Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π· 5 ΠΈ 7 Π½Π΅Π΄. ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° наблюдСния ΠΈ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Π»Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π‘ΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π”Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠœΠ΅Ρ€Ρ† способствуСт Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ быстрому рСгрСссу клиничСских проявлСний посттравматичСского онихолизиса ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ структуры Π½ΠΎΠ³Ρ‚Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°

    Alterations to nuclear architecture and genome behavior in senescent cells.

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    The organization of the genome within interphase nuclei, and how it interacts with nuclear structures is important for the regulation of nuclear functions. Many of the studies researching the importance of genome organization and nuclear structure are performed in young, proliferating, and often transformed cells. These studies do not reveal anything about the nucleus or genome in nonproliferating cells, which may be relevant for the regulation of both proliferation and replicative senescence. Here, we provide an overview of what is known about the genome and nuclear structure in senescent cells. We review the evidence that nuclear structures, such as the nuclear lamina, nucleoli, the nuclear matrix, nuclear bodies (such as promyelocytic leukemia bodies), and nuclear morphology all become altered within growth-arrested or senescent cells. Specific alterations to the genome in senescent cells, as compared to young proliferating cells, are described, including aneuploidy, chromatin modifications, chromosome positioning, relocation of heterochromatin, and changes to telomeres

    ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ эффСкты воздСйствия Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡŒΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π° Π½Π° структуры ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏΡ‹ Π΅Π³ΠΎ примСнСния Π² дСрматологичСской ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅

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    Vitamin A and its synthetic analogues are used in the treatment of numerous skin diseases. The main genomic effects of the natural form of vitamin A (retinol palmitate) are associated with its active metabolite all-trans-retinoic acid and are compensated by several restrictive mechanisms. Numerous studies have proved that retinol stimulates the proliferation of keratinocytes of the basal layer of the epidermis and endothelial cells, and also activates dermal fibroblasts to synthesize proteins of the extracellular matrix of the dermis. As a result, the thickening the epidermis, increases the mechanical strength of the skin and the hydrating ability of the dermis, angiogenesis increase. The ability of retinol to enhance the adhesion of endothelial cells and leukocytes, regulate the processes of keratinization and sebum secretion was found. Vitamin A is also a powerful antioxidant. Retinol palmitate is used as the main or auxiliary drug for the treatment of a wide range of dermatoses. The principle of application is based on clinical studies and confirmed by existing experimental data. In the treatment, the following algorithm is followed. If retinol palmitate is necessary to improve epithelialization and strengthen the epidermal barrier, medium therapeutic doses should be used. For the treatment of disorders of keratinization processes, depending on the severity of the pathological condition, medium and high therapeutic doses of the drug are used. Violation of the processes of sebum secretion and severe hyperkeratosis respond better to treatment at high therapeutic doses. It should be noted that many skins clinical manifestations mostly regress under the action of vitamin A in doses that do not lead to the appearance of signs of toxicity of the drug.Π’ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ А ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ синтСтичСскиС Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ многочислСнных ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ эффСкты Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹ Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° А Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡŒΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π° связаны с Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ транс-Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ кислотой ΠΈ компСнсированы нСсколькими ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠœΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ исслСдованиями Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ» стимулируСт ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ² базального слоя эпидСрмиса ΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ фибробласты ΠΊ синтСзу Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π²Π½Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ матрикса Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΡ‹. Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ происходит ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠ»Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ эпидСрмиса, ΡƒΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ мСханичСская ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΡ‹, оказываСтся ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ влияниС Π½Π° Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·. ΠžΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π° ΡƒΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊ Π°Π΄Π³Π΅Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΡ†ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ², Ρ€Π΅Π³ΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ процСссы ороговСния ΠΈ салоотдСлСния. Π’ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ А Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ являСтся ΠΌΠΎΡ‰Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ антиоксидантом. Π Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡŒΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ основной ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ для лСчСния большого спСктра Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ². ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρ†ΠΈΠΏ примСнСния основан Π½Π° клиничСских исслСдованиях ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ. Π’ Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠ°. Если Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡŒΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌ для ΡƒΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ эпитСлизации ΠΈ укрСплСния ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Π°, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ срСдниС тСрапСвтичСскиС Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ‹. Для лСчСния Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ процСссов ороговСния Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ тяТСсти патологичСского состояния ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ срСдниС ΠΈ высокиС тСрапСвтичСскиС Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°. ΠΠ°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ процСссов салоотдСлСния ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ· Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ высокими тСрапСвтичСскими Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ клиничСскиС проявлСния прСимущСствСнно Ρ€Π΅Π³Ρ€Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ дСйствиСм Π²ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° А Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ…, Π½Π΅ приводящих ΠΊ появлСнию ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² токсичности ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°

    Pulsar Striped Winds

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    According to magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models, the rotational energy of a rapidly spinning neutron star is carried away by a relativistic wind and deposited at a large distance, in the nebula, downstream of the wind termination shock. The energy transport in the outflow is mediated by Poynting flux, but it is not clear how the energy stored in the fields is transferred into the energized population of emitting particles. The most plausible dissipation mechanisms are thought to be related to the "striped" structure of the wind, in particular, to the existence of a current sheet, prone to reconnection events. In this model the current sheet is a natural place for internal dissipation and acceleration of particles responsible for pulsed, high-energy emission. Moreover, reconnection is a promising scenario for explaining annihilation of fields at the shock and conversion of their energy into the kinetic energy of particles. The shock structure, however, is likely to differ in the low-density plasmas, in which non-MHD effects intervene. In this regime, the striped wind can dissipate its energy via an electromagnetic precursor of the shock.Comment: invited review at the Workshop on Modelling Nebulae, June 14-17, 2016, Sant Cugat, Spain; submitted book chapte
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