19 research outputs found
ΠΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ°
Onycholysis is a peculiar and prevalent nail affection conditioned by the detachment of the distal part of the nail from the nail bed. The absence of any reliable diagnostics criteria often results in diagnostics errors, inadequate treatment and reduced patientβs life quality. Goal of the research. To find out whether it is possible to use OCT for diagnosing onycholysis and Merz Spezial Dragees for the treatment of posttraumatic onycholysis, and to reasonably confirm the drug efficacy using OCT. Materials and methods. The study involved 15 volunteers with posttraumatic onycholysis aged 20-35 (mean age: 28) including 12 female and 3 male subjects. One nail was affected in 7 cases, and two nails were affected in 8 cases. The area of the onycholysis zone was less than one third of the nail area (mean NAPSI value: 2.9 points). For the purposes of clinical control over the efficacy of Merz Spezial Dragees and nail monitoring, the OCT method was applied. Tests were performed 5 and 7 weeks after the observation and treatment onset. Results. Merz Spezial Dragees contribute to faster regression of clinical manifestations of posttraumatic onycholysis and recovery of the normal state of the nail.ΠΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ - ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°, ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΎΡ Π½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ°. ΠΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅Π² Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, Π½Π΅Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ (ΠΠΠ’) Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π‘ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΠ΅ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΠΠ’. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ 15 Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π² (12 ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ 3 ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½Ρ) Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ 20 Π΄ΠΎ 35 Π»Π΅Ρ (ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ 28 Π»Π΅Ρ) Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ. Π 7 ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅Π²Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°, Π² 8 ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
- Π΄Π²Π΅. ΠΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄Ρ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ»Π° Π½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 1/3 ΠΎΡ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Ρ (ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° NAPSI - 2,9 Π±Π°Π»Π»Π°). ΠΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π‘ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΠ’. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· 5 ΠΈ 7 Π½Π΅Π΄. ΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π‘ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°
Alterations to nuclear architecture and genome behavior in senescent cells.
The organization of the genome within interphase nuclei, and how it interacts with nuclear structures is important for the regulation of nuclear functions. Many of the studies researching the importance of genome organization and nuclear structure are performed in young, proliferating, and often transformed cells. These studies do not reveal anything about the nucleus or genome in nonproliferating cells, which may be relevant for the regulation of both proliferation and replicative senescence. Here, we provide an overview of what is known about the genome and nuclear structure in senescent cells. We review the evidence that nuclear structures, such as the nuclear lamina, nucleoli, the nuclear matrix, nuclear bodies (such as promyelocytic leukemia bodies), and nuclear morphology all become altered within growth-arrested or senescent cells. Specific alterations to the genome in senescent cells, as compared to young proliferating cells, are described, including aneuploidy, chromatin modifications, chromosome positioning, relocation of heterochromatin, and changes to telomeres
ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅
Vitamin A and its synthetic analogues are used in the treatment of numerous skin diseases. The main genomic effects of the natural form of vitamin A (retinol palmitate) are associated with its active metabolite all-trans-retinoic acid and are compensated by several restrictive mechanisms. Numerous studies have proved that retinol stimulates the proliferation of keratinocytes of the basal layer of the epidermis and endothelial cells, and also activates dermal fibroblasts to synthesize proteins of the extracellular matrix of the dermis. As a result, the thickening the epidermis, increases the mechanical strength of the skin and the hydrating ability of the dermis, angiogenesis increase. The ability of retinol to enhance the adhesion of endothelial cells and leukocytes, regulate the processes of keratinization and sebum secretion was found. Vitamin A is also a powerful antioxidant. Retinol palmitate is used as the main or auxiliary drug for the treatment of a wide range of dermatoses. The principle of application is based on clinical studies and confirmed by existing experimental data. In the treatment, the following algorithm is followed. If retinol palmitate is necessary to improve epithelialization and strengthen the epidermal barrier, medium therapeutic doses should be used. For the treatment of disorders of keratinization processes, depending on the severity of the pathological condition, medium and high therapeutic doses of the drug are used. Violation of the processes of sebum secretion and severe hyperkeratosis respond better to treatment at high therapeutic doses. It should be noted that many skins clinical manifestations mostly regress under the action of vitamin A in doses that do not lead to the appearance of signs of toxicity of the drug.ΠΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ Π ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° Π ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Ρ Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ-ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ» ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π±Π°Π·Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Ρ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π²Π½Π΅ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ° Π΄Π΅ΡΠΌΡ. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ°, ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈ ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΌΡ, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·. ΠΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π° ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π°Π΄Π³Π΅Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΉΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ², ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ Π ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ. Π Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° Π΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ. Π Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠ°. ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ°Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ. ΠΠ»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°. ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ· Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° Π Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π°Ρ
, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°
On the nature of the activity of the systems C2H5AlCl2-alcohol in the cationic polymerization of olefins
Thermocatalytic degradation of butyl rubber in presence of combinations of AlCl3 with some metal chlorides
Pulsar Striped Winds
According to magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models, the rotational energy of a
rapidly spinning neutron star is carried away by a relativistic wind and
deposited at a large distance, in the nebula, downstream of the wind
termination shock. The energy transport in the outflow is mediated by Poynting
flux, but it is not clear how the energy stored in the fields is transferred
into the energized population of emitting particles. The most plausible
dissipation mechanisms are thought to be related to the "striped" structure of
the wind, in particular, to the existence of a current sheet, prone to
reconnection events. In this model the current sheet is a natural place for
internal dissipation and acceleration of particles responsible for pulsed,
high-energy emission. Moreover, reconnection is a promising scenario for
explaining annihilation of fields at the shock and conversion of their energy
into the kinetic energy of particles. The shock structure, however, is likely
to differ in the low-density plasmas, in which non-MHD effects intervene. In
this regime, the striped wind can dissipate its energy via an electromagnetic
precursor of the shock.Comment: invited review at the Workshop on Modelling Nebulae, June 14-17,
2016, Sant Cugat, Spain; submitted book chapte