Doživljaj likovnog djela XX st. – Andy Warhol

This paper presents the results of a research on students\u27 reactions to 20th-century visual artworks. The research involved 300 students attending lower grades of primary school (Grade 1-4) from Split-Dalmatia County. The aim of the research was to examine the reactions of students to the works of the famous Pop Art artist Andy Warhol, using the method of aesthetic transfer. The task of the students was to describe their impression of the observed paintings of Marilyn Monroe and Coca- Cola. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that Grade 1-4 students react positively to the mentioned artworks. Most of the children accepted the works of the famous artist. Students were expected to react differently to the observed artworks with respect to gender and age, while the research showed that a statistically significant difference existed in only one segment of the research. Additionally, the emotional engagement aroused in students by the observed works was studied. The results in the reception phase show students mostly react emotionally to the observed artworks. Furthermore, the artworks in the reaction phase showed interesting creative variations on the artwork of the famous artist, which means that they inspired the students to a creative aesthetic response. Apart from getting acquainted with 20th-century artworks, we can see from these examples that they can also be a good stimulus for articulating students\u27 own artistic expression.Ovaj rad donosi rezultate istraživanja koje je provedeno na temu reakcija učenika na djela likovne umjetnosti XX. stoljeća. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 300 učenika niže školske dobi od 1. do 4. razreda osnovne škole s područja Splitsko-dalmatinske županije. Cilj istraživanja bio je metodom estetskog transfera ispitati reakcije učenika nalikovna djela poznatog umjetnika Pop arta - Andyja Warhola. Zadatak učenika je bio da iznesu svoj dojam o slici koju promatraju. Slike koje su učenici promatrali bile su: Marilyn Monroe i Coca-Cola. Na temelju rezultata koji su dobiveni može se zaključiti da djeca niže školske dobi pozitivno reagiraju na spomenuta likovna djela. Najveći broj djece je pozitivno prihvatilo djela poznatog umjetnika. Očekivalo se da će učenici različito reagirati na pokazana likovna djela s obzirom na spol i dob, a istraživanje je pokazalo da statistička značajna razlika postoji samo u jednom segmentu istraživanja. Istraživao se i emocionalni angažman koji kod učenika pobuđuju promatrana djela. Rezultati u fazi recepcije pokazuju da učenici u većoj mjeri emotivno reagiraju na promatrana likovna djela. Također i likovni uradci u fazi reakcije pokazali su zanimljive kreativne varijacije na likovna djela poznatog umjetnika što znači da su učenike inspirirala na kreativan estetski odgovor. Osim upoznavanja sa djelima likovne umjetnosti XX. stoljećaiz ovih primjera vidimo da ona mogu biti i dobar poticaj za artikuliranje vlastitog likovnog izričaja učenika

Doživljaj likovnog djela XX st. – Andy Warhol

This paper presents the results of a research on students\u27 reactions to 20th-century visual artworks. The research involved 300 students attending lower grades of primary school (Grade 1-4) from Split-Dalmatia County. The aim of the research was to examine the reactions of students to the works of the famous Pop Art artist Andy Warhol, using the method of aesthetic transfer. The task of the students was to describe their impression of the observed paintings of Marilyn Monroe and Coca- Cola. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that Grade 1-4 students react positively to the mentioned artworks. Most of the children accepted the works of the famous artist. Students were expected to react differently to the observed artworks with respect to gender and age, while the research showed that a statistically significant difference existed in only one segment of the research. Additionally, the emotional engagement aroused in students by the observed works was studied. The results in the reception phase show students mostly react emotionally to the observed artworks. Furthermore, the artworks in the reaction phase showed interesting creative variations on the artwork of the famous artist, which means that they inspired the students to a creative aesthetic response. Apart from getting acquainted with 20th-century artworks, we can see from these examples that they can also be a good stimulus for articulating students\u27 own artistic expression.Ovaj rad donosi rezultate istraživanja koje je provedeno na temu reakcija učenika na djela likovne umjetnosti XX. stoljeća. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 300 učenika niže školske dobi od 1. do 4. razreda osnovne škole s područja Splitsko-dalmatinske županije. Cilj istraživanja bio je metodom estetskog transfera ispitati reakcije učenika nalikovna djela poznatog umjetnika Pop arta - Andyja Warhola. Zadatak učenika je bio da iznesu svoj dojam o slici koju promatraju. Slike koje su učenici promatrali bile su: Marilyn Monroe i Coca-Cola. Na temelju rezultata koji su dobiveni može se zaključiti da djeca niže školske dobi pozitivno reagiraju na spomenuta likovna djela. Najveći broj djece je pozitivno prihvatilo djela poznatog umjetnika. Očekivalo se da će učenici različito reagirati na pokazana likovna djela s obzirom na spol i dob, a istraživanje je pokazalo da statistička značajna razlika postoji samo u jednom segmentu istraživanja. Istraživao se i emocionalni angažman koji kod učenika pobuđuju promatrana djela. Rezultati u fazi recepcije pokazuju da učenici u većoj mjeri emotivno reagiraju na promatrana likovna djela. Također i likovni uradci u fazi reakcije pokazali su zanimljive kreativne varijacije na likovna djela poznatog umjetnika što znači da su učenike inspirirala na kreativan estetski odgovor. Osim upoznavanja sa djelima likovne umjetnosti XX. stoljećaiz ovih primjera vidimo da ona mogu biti i dobar poticaj za artikuliranje vlastitog likovnog izričaja učenika

Penetrating the air-liquid interface is the key to colonization and wrinkly spreader fitness

In radiating populations of Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25, adaptive wrinkly spreader (WS) mutants are able to gain access to the air–liquid (A–L) interface of static liquid microcosms and achieve a significant competitive fitness advantage over other non-biofilm-forming competitors. Aerotaxis and flagella-based swimming allows SBW25 cells to move into the high-O2 region located at the top of the liquid column and maintain their position by countering the effects of random cell diffusion, convection and disturbance (i.e. physical displacement). However, wild-type cells showed significantly lower levels of enrichment in this region compared to the archetypal WS, indicating that WS cells employ an additional mechanism to transfer to the A–L interface where displacement is no longer an issue and a biofilm can develop at the top of the liquid column. Preliminary experiments suggest that this might be achieved through the expression of an as yet unidentified surface active agent that is weakly associated with WS cells and alters liquid surface tension, as determined by quantitative tensiometry. The effect of physical displacement on the colonization of the high-O2 region and A–L interface was reduced through the addition of agar or polyethylene glycol to increase liquid viscosity, and under these conditions the competitive fitness of the WS was significantly reduced. These observations suggest that the ability to transfer to the A–L interface from the high-O2 region and remain there without further expenditure of energy (through, for example, the deployment of flagella) is a key evolutionary innovation of the WS, as it allows subsequent biofilm development and significant population increase, thereby affording these adaptive mutants a competitive fitness advantage over non-biofilm-forming competitors located within the liquid column

Physiological intron retaining transcripts in the cytoplasm abound during human motor neurogenesis

Intron retention (IR) is now recognized as a dominant splicing event during motor neuron (MN) development, however the role and regulation of intron-retaining transcripts (IRTs) localized to the cytoplasm remain particularly understudied. Here we show that IR is a physiological process that is spatiotemporally regulated during MN lineage restriction and that IRTs in the cytoplasm are detected in as many as 13% (n=2297) of the genes expressed during this process. We identify a major class of cytoplasmic IRTs, which are not associated with reduced expression of their own genes, but instead show a high capacity for RNA-binding protein and miRNA occupancy. Finally, we show that ALS-causing VCP mutations lead to a selective increase in cytoplasmic abundance of this particular class of IRTs, which in turn temporally coincides with an increase in the nuclear expression level of predicted miRNA target genes. Altogether, our study identifies a previously unrecognized class of cytoplasmic intronic sequences with potential regulatory function beyond gene expression

Distribution of Anopheles daciae and other Anopheles maculipennis complex species in Serbia

Malaria is one of the most severe health problems facing the world today. Until the mid-twentieth century, Europe was an endemic area of malaria, with the Balkan countries being heavily infested. Sibling species belonging to the Anopheles maculipennis complex are well-known as effective vectors of Plasmodium in Europe. A vast number of human malaria cases in the past in the former Yugoslavia territory have stressed the significance of An. maculipennis complex species as primary and secondary vectors. Therefore, the present study evaluates the species composition, geographic distribution and abundance of these malaria vector species. Mosquitoes were collected in the northern Serbian province of Vojvodina and analysed by PCRRFLP, multiplex PCR and sequencing of the ITS2 intron of genomic rDNA. Four sibling species of the An. Maculipennis complex were identified. Both larvae and adults of the recently described species An. daciae were identified for the first time in Serbia. In 250 larval samples, 109 (44%) An. messeae, 90 (36%) An. maculipennis s.s., 33 (13%) An. daciae and 18 (7%) An. atroparvus were identified. In adult collections, 81 (47%) An. messeae, 55 (32%) An. daciae, 33 (19%) An. maculipennis s.s., and 3 (2%) An. atroparvus were recorded. The most abundant species in Vojvodina was An. messeae, whereas An. atroparvus was confirmed a rare species in all parts. Since this species is a potentially, highly competent malarial vector, low population density could be crucial to prevent a new establishment of endemic malaria transmission in Serbia

Strukturno-funkcijski odnos promjena pokazatelja vidnog polja s kvadrantnom i prosječnom debljinom mrežničnog sloja živčanih vlakana u očima s eksfolijacijom

The progressive nature of glaucoma suggests it should be possible to detect structural changes such as retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness loss before the condition becomes clinically apparent with visual field (VF) impairment. Therefore, the aim was to analyze RNFL thickness and VF changes in study groups with unilateral exfoliation syndrome (XFS), bilateral XFS and bilateral exfoliative glaucoma (XFG), and compare it with controls. The study included 114 subjects (228 eyes) divided into 4 groups according to the presence of exfoliation: 30 subjects with unilateral XFS (30 with clinically visible XFS and 30 fellow eyes), 24 subjects (48 eyes) with bilateral XFS, 28 (56 eyes) subjects with bilateral XFG, and control group (32 subjects). All subjects underwent VF and RNFL measurements after ophthalmologic examination. Both eyes of unilateral XFS (clinically ­visible and fellow eye) showed positive correlation between Mean Defect (MD) and square root of Loss of Variance (sLV) and between MD and inferior quadrant RNFL thickness. In bilateral XFS and XFG, there was negative correlation between MD and inferior quadrant RNFL thickness. Inferior, superior and nasal quadrant RNFL thickness was lower in XFG group than in other groups. In bilateral XFS group, the inferior quadrant RNFL thickness was lower as compared with unilateral XFS group (in both eyes). The mean RNFL thickness negatively correlated with MD in bilateral XFS and XFG groups. In conclusion, structural changes before VF impairment have an important role in early detection of glaucoma in subjects at risk.Progresija glaukoma upućuje na to da se strukturne promjene kao što je gubitak mrežničnog sloja živčanih vlakana mogu otkriti prije nego što nastupi oštećenje vidnog polja. Cilj rada je bio analizirati debljinu sloja živčanih niti i promjene u vidnom polju u skupinama ispitanika s jednostranim i obostranim eksfolijativnim sindromom i obostranim eksfolijativnim glaukomom te ih usporediti s kontrolnom skupinom. Kod 114 ispitanika (228 očiju) podijeljenih u 4 skupine prema prisutnosti eksfolijacije: 30 ispitanika s jednostranim sindromom (30 s klinički vidljivim sindromom i 30 pratećih očiju), 24 ispitanika (48 očiju) s obostranim eksfolijativnim sindromom, 28 (56 očiju) ispitanika s obostranim glaukomom i 32 ispitanika u kontrolnoj skupini učinjeno je vidno polje i mjerenje debljine živčanog sloja mrežnice nakon oftalmološkog pregleda. Oba su oka jednostranog eksfolijativnog sindroma (klinički vidljivog i kod pratećih očiju) pokazala pozitivnu korelaciju između srednjeg defekta i pokazatelja lokaliziranog defekta vidnog polja te srednjeg defekta i donjeg kvadranta debljine mrežničnog sloja živčanih niti. U obostranom eksfolijativnom sindromu i obostranom glaukomu postojala je negativna korelacija između srednjeg defekta vidnog polja i debljine živčanih niti donjeg kvadranta. U obostranom eksfolijativnom sindromu postojalo je stanjenje mrežničnog sloja živčanih stanica donjeg kvadranta u odnosu na ispitanike s jednostranim eksfolijativnim sindromom (u oba oka). Prosječna debljina živčanog sloja mrežnice bila je u negativnoj korelaciji s prosječnim defektom vidnog polja u obostranom eksfolijativnom glaukomu i obostranom sindromu. U zaključku, strukturne promjene prije pojave oštećenja vidnog polja imaju značajnu ulogu u ranom otkrivanju glaukoma kod osoba koje spadaju u rizičnu skupinu

Osiguranje kvalitete rezultata ispitivanja vina u analitičkom laboratoriju

Osiguranje kvalitete temeljni je čimbenik u dobivanju pouzdanih, vjerodostojnih i ponovljivih rezultata analiza. Cilj rada je prikazati način kontrole kvalitete rezultata ispitivanja vina, a time i osposobljenost laboratorija, provedbom unutarnje i vanjske kontrole kvalitete za četiri odabrana parametra: relativna gustoća, alkoholna jakost, hlapljiva i ukupna kiselost. Unutarnja kontrola kvalitete provedena je primjenom kontrolnih karata za interni referentni materijal, a vanjska kontrola kvalitete sudjelovanjem u međulaboratorijskim usporedbenim ispitivanjima. Prikazane su vrijednosti statističke obrade rezultata laboratorija na osnovu kojih se procjenjuje uspješnost sudjelovanja laboratorija u međulaboratorijskim usporedbenim ispitivanjima. Na osnovu prikazanih rezultata može se zaključiti da je odabrani laboratorij u promatranom razdoblju uspješno provodio kontrolu kvalitete rezultata analitičkih metoda za sva četiri ispitivana parametra, budući da dobiveni rezultati referentnog materijala nisu prelazili zadane granične vrijednosti. Laboratorij je uspješno sudjelovao i u međulaboratorijskim usporedbenim ispitivanjima, što je potvrđeno dobivenim Z-vrijednostima koje su bile između -2,00 i +2,00 za sve ispitivane parametre. Primjenom predstavljenih postupaka kontrole postignuta je visoka kvaliteta rezultata ispitivanja

Osiguranje kvalitete rezultata ispitivanja vina u analitičkom laboratoriju

Osiguranje kvalitete temeljni je čimbenik u dobivanju pouzdanih, vjerodostojnih i ponovljivih rezultata analiza. Cilj rada je prikazati način kontrole kvalitete rezultata ispitivanja vina, a time i osposobljenost laboratorija, provedbom unutarnje i vanjske kontrole kvalitete za četiri odabrana parametra: relativna gustoća, alkoholna jakost, hlapljiva i ukupna kiselost. Unutarnja kontrola kvalitete provedena je primjenom kontrolnih karata za interni referentni materijal, a vanjska kontrola kvalitete sudjelovanjem u međulaboratorijskim usporedbenim ispitivanjima. Prikazane su vrijednosti statističke obrade rezultata laboratorija na osnovu kojih se procjenjuje uspješnost sudjelovanja laboratorija u međulaboratorijskim usporedbenim ispitivanjima. Na osnovu prikazanih rezultata može se zaključiti da je odabrani laboratorij u promatranom razdoblju uspješno provodio kontrolu kvalitete rezultata analitičkih metoda za sva četiri ispitivana parametra, budući da dobiveni rezultati referentnog materijala nisu prelazili zadane granične vrijednosti. Laboratorij je uspješno sudjelovao i u međulaboratorijskim usporedbenim ispitivanjima, što je potvrđeno dobivenim Z-vrijednostima koje su bile između -2,00 i +2,00 za sve ispitivane parametre. Primjenom predstavljenih postupaka kontrole postignuta je visoka kvaliteta rezultata ispitivanja