Intracerebral metaplastic meningioma with prominent ossification and extensive calcification

We present a patient (male 26 years) with a short history of recurrent seizures induced by a largely intracerebrally located frontal lobe meningioma. The tumor displayed a heretofore unpublished combination of extensive metaplastic bone formation and prominent non-psammomatous calcifications with focal chicken-wire pattern

Jämförelse mellan värmepastörisering och kallpastörisering med ozon

Sammanfattning Titel: Jämförelse mellan värmepastörisering och kallpastörisering med ozon- en energimässig och ekonomisk utvärdering Författare: Kajsa Petersson, Fredrik Åkesson, Technology Management Handledare: Stig Stenström, Institutionen för Kemiteknik, Lunds Tekniska Högskola, Lunds Universitet Stefan Yard, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, Ekonomihögskolan, Lunds Universitet Johan Sjöholm, VD, Pastair Olle Bergman, Försäljningsdirektör, Pastair Problemställning: Under senare tid har miljö i relation till energianvändning och koldioxidutsläpp blivit en allt viktigare fråga och miljövänliga produktionsmetoder kommer framöver att bli en konkurrensfördel för livsmedelsproducenter. Dock är energieffektiviseringspotentialen i livsmedelsindustrin begränsad i jämförelse med andra branscher. Kallpastörisering med ozon skulle kunna vara mer kostnadseffektiv och ha mindre miljöpåverkan än traditionell värmepastörisering Syfte: Syftet med studien är att jämföra teknikerna värmepastörisering och kallpastörisering av juice ur ett energimässigt perspektiv med fokus på energianvändning, gällande termisk och elektrisk energi, samt vilka kostnadsaspekter de två teknikerna ger upphov till. Metod: Studien har utgått från både ett kvalitativt och kvantitativt angreppssätt och primärdata har främst samlats in genom intervjuer. Som fallstudieobjektet för värmepastörisering valdes Juicelinje aggregat 37 på Skånemejerier i Lunnarp och för kallpastörisering valdes pilotanläggningen Pastair P1, även den placerad i Lunnarp Slutsatser: I jämförelsen mellan de två teknikerna är energianvändningen större för värme- än för kallpastörisering. På årsbasis med en produktion av 17,6 miljoner liter juice innebär detta för värmepastörisering en energianvändning på cirka 439 MWh och för kallpastörisering 81 MWh. När totalkostnaden jämförs för de båda teknikerna är den högre för värmepastörisering, 1 130 000 kr/år, jämfört med drygt 910 000 kr/år för kallpastörisering. Studien tyder på att kallpastörisering kan medföra en form av ökad flexibilitet både vad det gäller produktionsplanering och kostnader i jämförelse med traditionell värmepastörisering. Nyckelord: Kallpastörisering, Pastair, pastörisering, juice, energianvändning, ozo

Geometric deep learning and equivariant neural networks

We survey the mathematical foundations of geometric deep learning, focusing on group equivariant and gauge equivariant neural networks. We develop gauge equivariant convolutional neural networks on arbitrary manifolds M using principal bundles with structure group K and equivariant maps between sections of associated vector bundles. We also discuss group equivariant neural networks for homogeneous spaces M= G/ K , which are instead equivariant with respect to the global symmetry G on M . Group equivariant layers can be interpreted as intertwiners between induced representations of G, and we show their relation to gauge equivariant convolutional layers. We analyze several applications of this formalism, including semantic segmentation and object detection networks. We also discuss the case of spherical networks in great detail, corresponding to the case M= S2= SO (3) / SO (2) . Here we emphasize the use of Fourier analysis involving Wigner matrices, spherical harmonics and Clebsch–Gordan coefficients for G= SO (3) , illustrating the power of representation theory for deep learning

HEAL-SWIN: A Vision Transformer On The Sphere

High-resolution wide-angle fisheye images are becoming more and more important for robotics applications such as autonomous driving. However, using ordinary convolutional neural networks or vision transformers on this data is problematic due to projection and distortion losses introduced when projecting to a rectangular grid on the plane. We introduce the HEAL-SWIN transformer, which combines the highly uniform Hierarchical Equal Area iso-Latitude Pixelation (HEALPix) grid used in astrophysics and cosmology with the Hierarchical Shifted-Window (SWIN) transformer to yield an efficient and flexible model capable of training on high-resolution, distortion-free spherical data. In HEAL-SWIN, the nested structure of the HEALPix grid is used to perform the patching and windowing operations of the SWIN transformer, resulting in a one-dimensional representation of the spherical data with minimal computational overhead. We demonstrate the superior performance of our model for semantic segmentation and depth regression tasks on both synthetic and real automotive datasets. Our code is available at https://github.com/JanEGerken/HEAL-SWIN.Comment: Main body: 10 pages, 7 figures. Appendices: 4 pages, 2 figure

Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery adrenalectomy : own experience and matched case-control study with standard laparoscopic adrenalectomy

INTRODUCTION: At our institution, laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) has been established as a technique for laparoscopic nephrectomy since 2011, and since 2012 in selected cases for adrenalectomy (AE) as well. AIM: To compare LESS AE with standard laparoscopic AE (SLAE). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 3/2012 and 7/2014, 35 adrenalectomies were performed. In 18 (51.4%), a LESS approach was chosen. Indications were strictly non-complicated cases (body mass index (BMI) < 34 kg/m(2), tumour ≤ 7 cm, non-malignant aetiology, no previous surgery). All LESS procedures were done by one surgeon. Standard equipment was a 10 mm rigid 0° camera, Triport+, one pre-bent grasper, and a sealing instrument. The approach was pararectal in all cases except one (transumbilical in a slim man). Three patients with LESS were excluded (2 partial AEs only, one adrenal cancer converted to SLAE and then to open surgery). These 15 LESS AE procedures were compared to 15 SLAEs with similar characteristics chosen among 54 SLAEs performed in the period 1/2008–2/2012. RESULTS: In 8 cases (53.3%) of LESS AE, a 3 mm port was added to elevate the liver/spleen. Mean parameters of LESS AE vs. SLAE (Wilcoxon test): maximal tumour diameter 43.7 mm vs. 36.1 mm (p = 0.28), time of surgery 63.3 min vs. 55.3 min (p = 0.22), blood loss 38.0 ml vs. 38.0 ml (p = 0.38), BMI 26.9 kg/m(2) vs. 28.5 kg/m(2) (p = 0.13), discharge from hospital 5.4 days vs. 3.9 days (p = 0.038). There were no complications in either group. CONCLUSIONS: The LESS AE is feasible in selected cases, especially small left-sided tumours in thin patients with no history of previous abdominal operations, but requires an additional port in half of the cases

Low-grade sarcoma in classical seminoma - the first case reported

A 30-year-old male with no previous history of neoplastic disease presented with a 5 cm large testicular tumor. Routine histopathological examination and immunohistochemical investigation showed a classical seminoma with a contiguous 8 mm large nodule. The nodule was separated from the tunica albuginea by tubuli semi-niferi showing intratesticular germ cell neoplasi not otherwise specified (NOS). The nodule was composed of spindle cells with low-grade nuclear atypia, nuclear and cytoplasmic S100 protein immunoreactivity in 15% of the cells and a proliferative activity of up to 20%. No other germ cell tumor components were found. To the best of our knowledge, we herein present the first tumor of a pure classical seminoma with an associated low-grade sarcomatous component.Natl Univ Hlth Syst, Dept Pathol, Singapore 119074, SingaporeCharles Univ Prague, Med Fac Hosp, Sikls Dept Pathol, Plzen, Czech RepublicFed Univ Sao Paolo, EPM UNIFESP, Dept Pathol, Sao Paulo, BrazilBiopticka Lab Sro, Plzen, Czech RepublicFed Univ Sao Paolo, EPM UNIFESP, Dept Pathol, Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Towards evidence-based practice 2.0: leveraging artificial intelligence in healthcare

BackgroundEvidence-based practice (EBP) involves making clinical decisions based on three sources of information: evidence, clinical experience and patient preferences. Despite popularization of EBP, research has shown that there are many barriers to achieving the goals of the EBP model. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare has been proposed as a means to improve clinical decision-making. The aim of this paper was to pinpoint key challenges pertaining to the three pillars of EBP and to investigate the potential of AI in surmounting these challenges and contributing to a more evidence-based healthcare practice. We conducted a selective review of the literature on EBP and the integration of AI in healthcare to achieve this.Challenges with the three components of EBPClinical decision-making in line with the EBP model presents several challenges. The availability and existence of robust evidence sometimes pose limitations due to slow generation and dissemination processes, as well as the scarcity of high-quality evidence. Direct application of evidence is not always viable because studies often involve patient groups distinct from those encountered in routine healthcare. Clinicians need to rely on their clinical experience to interpret the relevance of evidence and contextualize it within the unique needs of their patients. Moreover, clinical decision-making might be influenced by cognitive and implicit biases. Achieving patient involvement and shared decision-making between clinicians and patients remains challenging in routine healthcare practice due to factors such as low levels of health literacy among patients and their reluctance to actively participate, barriers rooted in clinicians' attitudes, scepticism towards patient knowledge and ineffective communication strategies, busy healthcare environments and limited resources.AI assistance for the three components of EBPAI presents a promising solution to address several challenges inherent in the research process, from conducting studies, generating evidence, synthesizing findings, and disseminating crucial information to clinicians to implementing these findings into routine practice. AI systems have a distinct advantage over human clinicians in processing specific types of data and information. The use of AI has shown great promise in areas such as image analysis. AI presents promising avenues to enhance patient engagement by saving time for clinicians and has the potential to increase patient autonomy although there is a lack of research on this issue.ConclusionThis review underscores AI's potential to augment evidence-based healthcare practices, potentially marking the emergence of EBP 2.0. However, there are also uncertainties regarding how AI will contribute to a more evidence-based healthcare. Hence, empirical research is essential to validate and substantiate various aspects of AI use in healthcare

Real-time Accelerator Diagnostic Tools for the MAX IV Storage Rings

In this paper, beam diagnostic and monitoring tools developed by the MAX IV Operations Group are discussed. In particular, new beam position monitoring and accelerator tunes visualization software tools, as well as tools that directly influence the beam quality and stability are introduced. An availability and downtime monitoring application is also presented

A case of coexisting Warthin tumor and langerhans cell histiocytosis associated with necrosis, eosinophilic abscesses and a granulomatous reaction in intraparotid lymph nodes

We present a patient (50-year-old male) with coexisting Warthin tumor and involvement of two intraparotid lymph nodes by Langerhans cell histiocytosis associated with necrosis, eosinophilic abscesses and a granulomatous reaction. This is the second documented case of this unusual combination of histological changes in nodal Langerhans cell histiocytosis and the first case involving intraparotid lymph nodes occurring together with an ipsilateral Warthin tumor