The Boundary Conjecture for Leaf Spaces

We prove that the boundary of an orbit space or more generally a leaf space of a singular Riemannian foliation is an Alexandrov space in its intrinsic metric, and that its lower curvature bound is that of the leaf space. A rigidity theorem for positively curved leaf spaces with maximal boundary volume is also established and plays a key role in the proof of the boundary problem.Comment: 7 page

Family Engagement Impact Project: Phase II Evaluation Report

In September 2013, the Heising-Simons Foundation (the Foundation) launched a new initiative called the Family Engagement Impact Project (FEIP). The purpose of the initiative is to offer new ways to build capacity for family engagement to promote positive educational outcomes for low-income immigrant children from birth through age 8 in California's San Mateo and Santa Clara counties. The initiative leverages existing resources and strengthens public-private partnerships in order to coordinate and integrate efforts across organizations in the funded communities. The partnerships' efforts focus on building the skills of parents and professionals, with an emphasis on enhancing family engagement at home. The FEIP also supports partnerships in replicating at least one evidence-based family engagement model. The Foundation awarded 8-month FEIP planning grants to six communities (Phase I) in fall 2013. During this phase, the selected communities secured partners, defined their family engagement goals, and planned strategies and approaches to achieve their goals. In June 2014, five grantee partnerships received 24-month implementation grants (Phase II). During this phase, the partnerships were tasked with implementing the plans that they had developed during Phase I, including delivering coordinated family engagement programming in their geographic focus areas and implementing at least one evidence-based family engagement program. Table ES1 provides an overview of the five grantee partnerships that received Phase II implementation awards, including the grantee lead, the geographic area served, and the key activities and programs offered by the grantee partnerships

Montana's Crucial Areas and Connectivity Assessment: An Update and Demonstration of the Crucial Areas Mapping Service

Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks (FWP) completed the Comprehensive Fish and Wildlife Conservation Strategy (CFWCS) in October 2005 as a landscape level plan to identify aquatic and terrestrial focus areas important to species and habitats of "Greatest Conservation Need." As implementation of the CFWCS began, FWP saw a need to refine the conservation scale and include terrestrial game and sport fish, FWP lands, and other recreational values into a Comprehensive Plan for Conservation. The "Crucial Areas and Connectivity Assessment" is an attempt to refine the conservation scale and identify important game and nongame fish and wildlife habitats, critical corridors, and valued recreational areas using a combination of empirical data, modeling based on these data, and expert opinion. The goal of this project is to identify and display critical and important habitats for fish and wildlife. Multiple benefits are perceived through achievement of this goal: increased efficiency in planning and commenting on development proposals, effective targeting and planning for the conservation of valued habitats, and increased opportunity for coordination with other agencies states. FWP spent the past year developing data layers, vetting the layers both internally and within the scientific community. Layers available to date include: game quality, game fish life history, watershed integrity, species of concern, aquatic connectivity, angler use, terrestrial species richness, and core area index. In parallel, FWP has developed an interactive Crucial Areas Mapping Service (CAMS) that depicts these resource values and allows users to relate each resource value to risk factors including energy development, urbanization, and subdivision. As the project develops and nears completion, best management practices and policy related to critical habitats will be produced. In mid-March, we plan to release CAMS to the public as a preplanning tool and comprehensive decision support system

Histogram-based models on non-thin section chest CT predict invasiveness of primary lung adenocarcinoma subsolid nodules.

109 pathologically proven subsolid nodules (SSN) were segmented by 2 readers on non-thin section chest CT with a lung nodule analysis software followed by extraction of CT attenuation histogram and geometric features. Functional data analysis of histograms provided data driven features (FPC1,2,3) used in further model building. Nodules were classified as pre-invasive (P1, atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma in situ), minimally invasive (P2) and invasive adenocarcinomas (P3). P1 and P2 were grouped together (T1) versus P3 (T2). Various combinations of features were compared in predictive models for binary nodule classification (T1/T2), using multiple logistic regression and non-linear classifiers. Area under ROC curve (AUC) was used as diagnostic performance criteria. Inter-reader variability was assessed using Cohen's Kappa and intra-class coefficient (ICC). Three models predicting invasiveness of SSN were selected based on AUC. First model included 87.5 percentile of CT lesion attenuation (Q.875), interquartile range (IQR), volume and maximum/minimum diameter ratio (AUC:0.89, 95%CI:[0.75 1]). Second model included FPC1, volume and diameter ratio (AUC:0.91, 95%CI:[0.77 1]). Third model included FPC1, FPC2 and volume (AUC:0.89, 95%CI:[0.73 1]). Inter-reader variability was excellent (Kappa:0.95, ICC:0.98). Parsimonious models using histogram and geometric features differentiated invasive from minimally invasive/pre-invasive SSN with good predictive performance in non-thin section CT

A computational investigation of the finite-time blow-up of the 3D incompressible Euler equations based on the Voigt regularization

Submitted to Physical Review LettersThis first draft of this paper, submitted to Physical Review Letters, made a strong statement about the possibility of finite-time blow up in the Euler Equations. This paper had controversial peer review and was withdrawn from PRL and submitted to Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics where it was accepted, but with a weaker statement about the possibility of finite-time blow up in the Euler-Equations.The accepted version of this paper - accepted for publication in 2017 in Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics - is in ORE at http://hdl.handle.net/10871/27195We report the results of a computational investigation of two recently proved blow-up criteria for the 3D incompressible Euler equations. These criteria are based on an inviscid regularization of the Euler equations known as the 3D Euler-Voigt equations. The latter are known to be globally well-posed. Moreover, simulations of the 3D Euler-Voigt equations also require less resolution than simulations of the 3D Euler equations for fixed values of the regularization parameter α>0. Therefore, the new blow-up criteria allow one to gain information about possible singularity formation in the 3D Euler equations indirectly; namely, by simulating the better-behaved 3D Euler-Voigt equations. The new criteria are only known to be sufficient criteria for blow-up. Therefore, to test the robustness of the inviscid-regularization approach, we also investigate analogous criteria for blow-up of the 1D Burgers equation, where blow-up is well-known to occur

When Time is Sales: The Impact of Sales Manager Time Allocation Decisions on Sales Team Performance

Sales managers often take on the dual responsibilities of managing a sales team and selling to customers. This practice raises questions about how sales managers\u27 time allocation to managing and selling activities affects sales team performance. Building on qualitative findings, this research first highlights and categorizes activities that are regularly competing for the limited time resources of today\u27s sales managers. Our qualitative results reveal a prevalence of sales managers taking a hybrid approach to managing their sales teams by regularly allocating time toward both managing and selling activities. Through a resource allocation lens, we investigate how the time allocation decisions of these hybrid sales managers influence sales team performance. Our findings underscore the importance of effective time management for sales managers across a core set of leader behaviors, including managing people, managing information (planning and analysis), customer interaction, and administrative tasks. Ultimately, boundary conditions suggest counterintuitive implications of team experience on the value derived from various manager activities. Findings suggest that when managing more (less) experienced teams, managers should focus on spending more time on managing people (customer interaction)

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River inundation suggests ice-sheet runoff retention

AbstractThe Greenland ice sheet is experiencing dramatic melt that is likely to continue with rapid Arctic warming. However, the proportion of meltwater stored before reaching the global ocean remains difficult to quantify. We use NASA MODIS surface reflectance data to estimate river discharge from two West Greenland rivers – the Watson River near Kangerlussuaq and the Naujat Kuat River near Nuuk – over the summers of 2000–12. By comparison with in situ river discharge observations, ‘inundation–discharge’ relations were constructed for both rivers. MODIS-based total annual discharges agree well with total discharge estimated from in situ observations (86% of summer discharge in 2009 to 96% in 2011 at the Watson River, and 106% of total discharge in 2011 to 104% in 2012 at the Naujat Kuat River). We find, however, that a time-lapse camera, deployed at the Watson River in summer 2012, better captures the variations in observed discharge, benefiting from fewer data gaps due to clouds. The MODIS-derived estimates indicate that summer discharge has not significantly increased over the last decade, despite a strong warming trend. Also, meltwater runoff estimates derived from the regional climate model RACMO2/GR for the drainage basins are higher than our reconstructions of river discharge. These results provide indirect evidence for a considerable component of water storage within the glacio-hydrological system.</jats:p

Detection of mobile genetic elements associated with antibiotic resistance in Salmonella enterica using a newly developed web tool: MobileElementFinder

Objectives - Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in clinically relevant bacteria is a growing threat to public health globally. In these bacteria, antimicrobial resistance genes are often associated with mobile genetic elements (MGEs), which promote their mobility, enabling them to rapidly spread throughout a bacterial community. Methods - The tool MobileElementFinder was developed to enable rapid detection of MGEs and their genetic context in assembled sequence data. MGEs are detected based on sequence similarity to a database of 4452 known elements augmented with annotation of resistance genes, virulence factors and detection of plasmids. Results - MobileElementFinder was applied to analyse the mobilome of 1725 sequenced Salmonella enterica isolates of animal origin from Denmark, Germany and the USA. We found that the MGEs were seemingly conserved according to multilocus ST and not restricted to either the host or the country of origin. Moreover, we identified putative translocatable units for specific aminoglycoside, sulphonamide and tetracycline genes. Several putative composite transposons were predicted that could mobilize, among others, AMR, metal resistance and phosphodiesterase genes associated with macrophage survivability. This is, to our knowledge, the first time the phosphodiesterase-like pdeL has been found to be potentially mobilized into S. enterica. Conclusions - MobileElementFinder is a powerful tool to study the epidemiology of MGEs in a large number of genome sequences and to determine the potential for genomic plasticity of bacteria. This web service provides a convenient method of detecting MGEs in assembled sequence data. MobileElementFinder can be accessed at https://cge.cbs.dtu.dk/services/MobileElementFinder/