Why Behavioral And Environmental Interventions Are Needed To Improve Health At Lower Cost

http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2010.111

Figure 2 in Breeding ecology of the fulvous parrotbill (Paradoxornis fulvifrons) in Wawushan Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China

Figure 2. Fulvous parrotbill incubating eggs.Published as part of Hu, Yunbiao, Hao, Guang, Jiang, Yingxin, Pechacek, Peter & Sun, Yuehua, 2013, Breeding ecology of the fulvous parrotbill (Paradoxornis fulvifrons) in Wawushan Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China, pp. 975-982 in Journal of Natural History 48 (15) on page 979, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.826829, http://zenodo.org/record/400670

Prevention of Cigarette Smoking in Seventh Grade Students

An 8-month school-based smoking prevention program tested with 1526 seventh grade students resulted in a substantial reduction in the incidence of smoking relative to a comparison population. Two curriculum elements were found to have important deterrent effects on smoking onset: (1) emphasis on immediate and primarily social consequences of smoking and (2) personalization of the course materials and mode of presentation to include relevant peer role models and active individual role playing. Thiocyanate analysis of saliva samples taken from all participants corroborated the validity of self-report measures of smoking behavio

Effectiveness of Nature Reserve System for Conserving Tropical Forests: A Statistical Evaluation of Hainan Island, China

<div><p>Evaluating the effectiveness of existing nature reserve systems for the conservation of tropical forests is an urgent task to save the remaining biodiversity. Here, we tested the effectiveness of the reserve system on Hainan Island by conducting a three-way comparison of changes in forest area in locations within the reserves, adjacent to the reserves, and far outside of the reserves. We used a general linear model to control for the effects of covariates (historical forest area, elevation, slope, and distance to nearest roads), which may also be correlated with the changes in forest area, to better explain the effectiveness of the reserve system. From 2000 to 2010, the forest area inside Hainan’s nature reserve system showed an increase while adjacent unprotected areas and the wider, unprotected landscape both experienced deforestation. However, the simple inside-outside comparisons may overestimate the protective effect of the reserve system. Most nature reserves (>60%) showed increasing fragmentation. And the risk of rapid deforestation remained high at low elevations, where remaining forests tend to be easily logged and converted to commercial plantations. Future conservation efforts should pay more attention to those sites with less challenging environmental conditions.</p> </div

Nature reserve system of Hainan Island.

<p>The nature reserve system, adjacent unprotected areas (surrounding lands within 10 km of the nature reserve boundaries) and wider unprotected landscape (more than 10 km away from the nature reserve boundaries) overlaid with natural forest cover in 2010 and digital elevation model (DEM) of Hainan Island, China.</p

Changes in tropical forests across Hainan Island.

<p>Changes in the area of tropical forests inside nature reserves, in adjacent unprotected areas (within 10 km of nature reserves’ boundaries), and in the wider unprotected landscapes (>10 km from nature reserves’ boundaries) in Hainan, China, from 2000 to 2010.</p