Regulating Sustainable Finance in Capital Markets: A Perspective from Socially Embedded Decentered Regulation

We present an ab initio theoretical analysis of the temperature-dependent stability of inherently nanolaminated (Cr1−xMnx)2AlC. The results indicate energetic stability over the composition range x = 0.0 to 0.5 for temperatures ≥600 K. Corresponding thin film compounds were grown by magnetron sputtering from four elemental targets. X-ray diffraction in combination with analytical transmission electron microscopy, including electron energy-loss spectroscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis, revealed that the films were epitaxial (0001)-oriented single-crystals with x up to 0.16.Funding Agencies|European Research Council under the European Community|258509227754|Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation||Swedish Research Council|||DFG-SPP 1299|</p

Cross-sectional associations between occupational factors and musculoskeletal pain in women teachers, nurses and sonographers

A. Technical measurements of the physical workload. (DOCX 18 kb

Epitaxial growth of perovskite oxide films facilitated by oxygen vacancies

The authors would like to thank P. Yudin for valuable discussions, N. Nepomniashchaia for VASE studies, and S. Cichon for XPS analysis. The authors acknowledge support from the Czech Science Foundation (Grant No. 19-09671S), the European Structural and Investment Funds and the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic through Programme ‘‘Research, Development and Education’’ (Project No. SOLID21 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16-019/0000760), and ERA NET project Sun2Chem (E. K. and L. R.). Calculations have been done on the LASC Cluster in the ISSP UL.Single-crystal epitaxial films of technologically important and scientifically intriguing multifunctional ABO3 perovskite-type metal oxides are essential for advanced applications and understanding of these materials. In such films, a film-substrate misfit strain enables unprecedented crystal phases and unique properties that are not available in their bulk counterparts. However, the prerequisite growth of strained epitaxial films is fundamentally restricted by misfit relaxation. Here we demonstrate that introduction of a small oxygen deficiency concurrently stabilizes epitaxy and increases lattice strain in thin films of archetypal perovskite oxide SrTiO3. By combining experimental and theoretical methods, we found that lattice distortions around oxygen vacancies lead to anisotropic local stresses, which interact with the misfit strain in epitaxial films. Consequently, specific crystallographic alignments of the stresses are energetically favorable and can facilitate epitaxial growth of strained films. Because anisotropic oxygen-vacancy stresses are inherent to perovskite-type and many other oxides, we anticipate that the disclosed phenomenon of epitaxial stabilization by oxygen vacancies is relevant for a very broad range of functional oxides.This work is licensed under CC BY, CC BY-NC licenses.Czech Science Foundation (Grant No. 19-09671S); European Structural and Investment Funds and the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic through Programme ‘‘Research, Development and Education’’ (Project No. SOLID21 CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16-019/0000760), and ERA NET project Sun2Chem; Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART²

Oxygen incorporation in Ti2AlC thin films studied by electron energy loss spectroscopy and ab initio calculations

Substitution of C with O in hexagonal inherently nanolaminated Ti2AlC has been studied experimentally and theoretically. Ti2Al(C1−x O x ) thin films with x ≤ 0.52 are synthesized by both cathodic arc deposition with the uptake of residual gas O, and solid-state reaction between understoichiometric TiC y and Al2O3(0001) substrates. The compositional analysis is made by analytical transmission electron microscopy, including electron energy loss spectroscopy. Furthermore, predictive ab initio calculations are performed to evaluate the influence of substitutional O on the shear stress at different strains for slip on the (0001) basal plane in the [−1010] and [1−210] directions.Funding Agencies|European Research Council under the European Community|258509227754|Swedish Research Council (VR)||On the day of the defence date of the Licentiate Thesis, the status of this article was Manuscript.</p

Theoretical Prediction and Synthesis of a Family of Atomic Laminate Metal Borides with In-Plane Chemical Ordering

All atomically laminated MAB phases (M = transition metal, A = A-group element, and B = boron) exhibit orthorhombic or tetragonal symmetry, with the only exception being hexagonal Ti2InB2. Inspired by the recent discovery of chemically ordered hexagonal carbides, i-MAX phases, we perform an extensive first-principles study to explore chemical ordering upon metal alloying of M2AlB2 (M from groups 3 to 9) in orthorhombic and hexagonal symmetry. Fifteen stable novel phases with in-plane chemical ordering are identified, coined i-MAB, along with 16 disordered stable alloys. The predictions are verified through the powder synthesis of Mo4/3Y2/3 AlB2 and Mo4/3Sc2/3AlB2 of space group R (3) over barm (no. 166), displaying the characteristic in-plane chemical order of Mo and Y/Sc and Kagome ordering of the Al atoms, as evident from X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. The discovery of i-MAB phases expands the elemental space of these borides with M = Sc, Y, Zr, Hf, and Nb, realizing an increased property tuning potential of these phases as well as their suggested potential twodimensional derivatives.Funding Agencies|Knut and Alice Wallenberg (KAW) FoundationKnut &amp; Alice Wallenberg Foundation [KAW 2015.0043]; Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF)Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research [EM16-0004]; Swedish Research councilSwedish Research Council [2019-05047, 201904233, 2016-04412]; Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF) through the Research Infrastructure Fellow Program [RIF 14-0074]; Swedish Government Strategic Research Area in Materials Science on Functional Materials at Linkoping University (Faculty Grant SFO-Mat-LiU) [2009 00971]</p

On the nature of planar defects in transition metal diboride line compounds

Planar defect structures appearing in transition metal diboride (TMB2) thin films, grown by different magnetron sputtering-deposition approaches over a wide compositional and elemental range, were systematically investi-gated. Atomically resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) imaging, electron energy loss spec-troscopy (EELS) elemental mapping, and first principles calculations have been applied to elucidate the atomic structures of the observed defects. Two distinct types of antiphase boundary (APB) defects reside on the {1(1) over bar 00} planes. These defects are without (named APB-1) or with (APB-2) local deviation from stoichiometry. APB-2 de-fects, in turn, appear in different variants. It is found that APB-2 defects are governed by the films composition, while APB-1 defects are endemic. The characteristic structures, interconnections, and circumstances leading to the formation of these APB-defects, together with their formation energies, are presented.Funding Agencies|Swedish Research Council [2016-04412, 2021-03652, CTS 21:1272]; Swedish National Infrastructure in Advanced Electron Microscopy [2018-05973]; Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; Fellowship/Scholar grant [2021-00171]; Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF) through the Research Infrastructure Fellow program [KAW 2015.0043, RIF 14-0074]; Carl Trygger foundation [EM16-0004]; Swedish Government Strategic Research Area in Materials Science on Functional Materials at Linkoping University [2009 00971]</p