El trabajo social en la region Nordeste argentino (NEA). Aproximación al conocimiento del desarrollo de la profesión en las provincias de Chaco, Corrientes, Formosa y Misiones. 16H229

Existe una demanda permanente en el colectivo profesional y en la formación de los alumnos de la carrera de Trabajo Social de una mayor sistematización del desarrollo del Trabajo Social en la Región NEA, que es también parte de la Historia del Trabajo Social en la Argentina. Este conocimiento de la profesión, no puede estar descontextualizado del proceso histórico-social de la Región, por lo que se hace necesaria una interpretación de los hechos en un tiempo y espacios determinados, para obtener una justa valoración del mismo. La investigación se centra en el desarrollo del Trabajo Social como campo profesional en la Región NEA a partir de la cual podremos construir hipótesis que dan cuenta de ciertos procesos históricos y permitan descubrir soportes estructurales de la realidad presente. Para ello se pretende rescatar y dar a conocer los testimonios de los distintos protagonistas del quehacer profesional. Se abordará el tema a través de tres dimensiones: teórico-metodológico, operativo-instrumental, ético-político, y con la implementación de técnicas de entrevistas y búsqueda de documentaciones

Ciudadanización o desciudadanización en los procesos sociolaborales de los Trabajadores Sociales en el marco de las políticas sociales desarrolladas en la provincia de Misiones en el período 2000-2008. 16H272

El ámbito dominante del desarrollo profesional del Trabajo Social está circunscripto a la generación, prestación y evaluación de servicios sociales destinados a la población excluida; estos servicios sociales han sido históricamente definidos dentro de marcos de políticas públicas y en especial de las políticas sociales. La investigación transitó sobre dos ejes de indagación primero, identificar las características de las políticas sociales vigentes -orientadas a disminuir o hacer desaparecer los mecanismos de exclusión social que pesan sobre los sectores más desfavorecidos de la estructura y dinámica social- y la mirada de los “beneficiarios”, es decir, los sujetos históricos destinatarios de la acción estatal y, considerando que también constituye el espacio social de intervención/empleo del Trabajador Social. Y el segundo eje orientado a analizar la situación laboral de los profesionales en Trabajo Social, desde el punto de vista de sujetos asalariados, enfrentados a situaciones de elevada precariedad laboral y de exclusión social. Frente a esta realidad, nos planteamos como interrogante principal ¿qué implicancia tiene esta situación de precariedad/exclusión en los procesos de ciudadanizacióndesciudadanización que implican a los sujetos destinatarios de las políticas sociales y a los profesionales de Trabajo Social que actúan en el campo de las políticas sociales (provinciales y/o nacionales) en el periodo 2000 - 200

Ciudadanización o desciudadanización en los procesos sociolaborales de los Trabajadores Sociales en el marco de las políticas sociales desarrolladas en la provincia de Misiones en el período 2000-2008. 16H272

Actividades desarrolladas durante el período: Estado del Arte. Se ha trabajado en la exploración documental, lectura, análisis y síntesis de materiales bibliográficos, documentos de trabajo, revistas científicas, etc. que permitieron construir el marco teórico de referencia que oriente la búsqueda de información y reconocimiento de categorías analíticas-operativas; recopilación de información referente a las políticas publicas desarrolladas en la provincia de Misiones, en el período 2000-2008; búsqueda de información referente a los egresados. Padrones, matriculados, empleo /desempleo; identificación de áreas más significativas y a los posibles entrevistados tanto profesionales como usuarios

Assessment of pre-clinical liver models based on their ability to predict the liver-tropism of AAV vectors

The liver is a prime target for in vivo gene therapies using recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors (rAAV). Multiple clinical trials have been undertaken for this target in the past 15 years, however we are still to see market approval of the first liver-targeted AAV-based gene therapy. Inefficient expression of the therapeutic transgene, vector-induced liver toxicity and capsid, and/or transgene-mediated immune responses reported at high vector doses are the main challenges to date. One of the contributing factors to the insufficient clinical outcomes, despite highly encouraging preclinical data, is the lack of robust, biologically- and clinically-predictive preclinical models. To this end, this study reports findings of a functional evaluation of six AAV vectors in twelve preclinical models of the human liver, with the aim to uncover which combination of models is the most relevant for the identification of AAV capsid variant for safe and efficient transgene delivery to primary human hepatocytes. The results, generated by studies in models ranging from immortalized cells, iPSC-derived and primary hepatocytes, and primary human hepatic organoids to in vivo models, increased our understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of each system. This should allow the development of novel gene therapies targeting the human liver

Off-label long acting injectable antipsychotics in real-world clinical practice: a cross-sectional analysis of prescriptive patterns from the STAR Network DEPOT study

Introduction Information on the off-label use of Long-Acting Injectable (LAI) antipsychotics in the real world is lacking. In this study, we aimed to identify the sociodemographic and clinical features of patients treated with on- vs off-label LAIs and predictors of off-label First- or Second-Generation Antipsychotic (FGA vs. SGA) LAI choice in everyday clinical practice. Method In a naturalistic national cohort of 449 patients who initiated LAI treatment in the STAR Network Depot Study, two groups were identified based on off- or on-label prescriptions. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to test several clinically relevant variables and identify those associated with the choice of FGA vs SGA prescription in the off-label group. Results SGA LAIs were more commonly prescribed in everyday practice, without significant differences in their on- and off-label use. Approximately 1 in 4 patients received an off-label prescription. In the off-label group, the most frequent diagnoses were bipolar disorder (67.5%) or any personality disorder (23.7%). FGA vs SGA LAI choice was significantly associated with BPRS thought disorder (OR = 1.22, CI95% 1.04 to 1.43, p = 0.015) and hostility/suspiciousness (OR = 0.83, CI95% 0.71 to 0.97, p = 0.017) dimensions. The likelihood of receiving an SGA LAI grew steadily with the increase of the BPRS thought disturbance score. Conversely, a preference towards prescribing an FGA was observed with higher scores at the BPRS hostility/suspiciousness subscale. Conclusion Our study is the first to identify predictors of FGA vs SGA choice in patients treated with off-label LAI antipsychotics. Demographic characteristics, i.e. age, sex, and substance/alcohol use co-morbidities did not appear to influence the choice towards FGAs or SGAs. Despite a lack of evidence, clinicians tend to favour FGA over SGA LAIs in bipolar or personality disorder patients with relevant hostility. Further research is needed to evaluate treatment adherence and clinical effectiveness of these prescriptive patterns

The Role of Attitudes Toward Medication and Treatment Adherence in the Clinical Response to LAIs: Findings From the STAR Network Depot Study

Background: Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics are efficacious in managing psychotic symptoms in people affected by severe mental disorders, such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The present study aimed to investigate whether attitude toward treatment and treatment adherence represent predictors of symptoms changes over time. Methods: The STAR Network \u201cDepot Study\u201d was a naturalistic, multicenter, observational, prospective study that enrolled people initiating a LAI without restrictions on diagnosis, clinical severity or setting. Participants from 32 Italian centers were assessed at three time points: baseline, 6-month, and 12-month follow-up. Psychopathological symptoms, attitude toward medication and treatment adherence were measured using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), the Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI-10) and the Kemp's 7-point scale, respectively. Linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate whether attitude toward medication and treatment adherence independently predicted symptoms changes over time. Analyses were conducted on the overall sample and then stratified according to the baseline severity (BPRS < 41 or BPRS 65 41). Results: We included 461 participants of which 276 were males. The majority of participants had received a primary diagnosis of a schizophrenia spectrum disorder (71.80%) and initiated a treatment with a second-generation LAI (69.63%). BPRS, DAI-10, and Kemp's scale scores improved over time. Six linear regressions\u2014conducted considering the outcome and predictors at baseline, 6-month, and 12-month follow-up independently\u2014showed that both DAI-10 and Kemp's scale negatively associated with BPRS scores at the three considered time points. Linear mixed-effects models conducted on the overall sample did not show any significant association between attitude toward medication or treatment adherence and changes in psychiatric symptoms over time. However, after stratification according to baseline severity, we found that both DAI-10 and Kemp's scale negatively predicted changes in BPRS scores at 12-month follow-up regardless of baseline severity. The association at 6-month follow-up was confirmed only in the group with moderate or severe symptoms at baseline. Conclusion: Our findings corroborate the importance of improving the quality of relationship between clinicians and patients. Shared decision making and thorough discussions about benefits and side effects may improve the outcome in patients with severe mental disorders

Potential Contribution of Hypertension to Evolution of Chronic Migraine and Related Mechanisms

Aims: To investigate the potential contributions of diastolic and systolic blood pressure (BP) and the circadian rhythm of BP to chronic migraine evolution. Methods: This cross-sectional study included four groups of patients selected based on migraine frequency (high frequency ≥ 10 days per month and low frequency < 10) and on the presence of hypertension. Among-group and pairwise comparisons were carried out to investigate potential neurophysiologic differences in the cerebral vessel reactivity to a nitroglycerin test, in autonomic balance (tilting test), and BP circadian rhythm. Results: A more marked decrease in cerebral blood flow velocity was observed in hypertensive high-frequency migraineurs compared to all other groups (P = .037). Moreover, a smaller decrease in vagal tone was recorded in the orthostatic position in hypertensive subjects, whether they were high- (P = .032) or low-frequency migraineurs (P = .014), with a consistently higher vagal to sympathetic tone ratio (P = .033). Finally, in nonhypertensive subjects, a higher but not significant prevalence of systolic nondippers was detected in high-frequency migraineurs (67%) compared to low-frequency subjects (25%; P = .099). Conclusion: These findings suggest that hypertension may contribute to the chronic evolution of headache with mechanisms shared with migraine; ie, vascular tone alteration and autonomic dysregulation

Mobility and balance rehabilitation in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis

Objective: To assess the benefits of neurological rehabilitation and the dose-response relationship for the treatment of mobility and balance in multiple sclerosis. Methods: We included studies investigating the effects of neurological rehabilitation on mobility and balance with the following eligibility criteria for inclusion: Population, People with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS); Intervention, method of rehabilitation interventions; Comparison, experimental (specific balance intervention) vs control (no intervention/no specific balance intervention); Outcome, balance clinical scales; Study Design, randomised controlled trials. We conducted a random effects dose-response meta-analysis to assess linear trend estimations and a one stage linear mixed effects meta-regression for estimating dose-response curves. Results: We retrieved 196 studies from a list of 5020 for full text review and 71 studies (n subjects=3306) were included. One study was a cross-over and 70 studies were randomized controlled trials and the mean sample size per study was 46.5&nbsp;±&nbsp;28.6 (mean±SD) with a mean age of 48.3&nbsp;±&nbsp;7.8years, disease duration of 11.6&nbsp;±&nbsp;6.1years, and EDSS of 4.4&nbsp;±&nbsp;1.4points. Twenty-nine studies (40.8%) had the balance outcome as the primary outcome, while 42 studies (59.1%) had balance as secondary outcome or did not specify primary and secondary outcomes. Thirty-three trials (46.5%) had no active intervention as comparator and 38 trials (53.5%) had an active control group. Individual level data from 20 studies (n subjects=1016) were analyzed showing a medium pooled effect size for balance interventions (SMD=0.41; 95% CIs 0.22 to 0.59). Moreover, we analyzed 14 studies (n subjects=696) having balance as primary outcome and BBS as primary endpoint yielding a mean difference of 3.58 points (95% CIs 1.79 to 5.38, p&lt;0.0001). Finally, we performed meta regression of the 20 studies showing an association between better outcome, log of intensity defined as minutes per session (β=1.26; SEβ=0.51; p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.02) and task-oriented intervention (β=0.38; SEβ=0.17; p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.05). Conclusion: Our analyses provide level 1 evidence on the effect of balance intervention to improve mobility. Furthermore, according to principles of neurological rehabilitation, high intensity and task-specific interventions are associated with better treatment outcomes

El proyecto ético- político del Trabajo Social en Misiones visibilizado a través de las prácticas profesionales del Trabajo Social. 16H323

Investigación documental: revisión de bibliografías, documentos, trabajos de investigación, publicaciones, etc. referidas al tema de investigación en el ámbito provincial, nacional y latinoamericano.Sistematización de la información, fichaje de autores, temas, conclusiones, etc; Debates en grupo sobre los temas analizados. Conclusiones; Construcción de la matriz de temas a desarrollar conforme la temática del proyecto. Diseño de un índice temático guía, desarrollo del marco teórico de referencia; Listado de profesionales egresados carrera de licenciatura en Trabajo Social FHyCS. solicitud y acceso al padrón de egresados de la Carrera de TS. (Dirección de alumnado FHyCS). Identificación de los egresados, búsqueda de información de referencia laboral y residencia. Confección de listado de entrevistados de acuerdo a la ubicación del puesto de trabajo; Elaboración de matriz de la entrevista, tópicos, dimensiones, interrogantes

New Nitric Oxide-Releasing Compounds as Promising Anti-Bladder Cancer Drugs

Bladder cancer is a worldwide problem and improved therapies are urgently needed. In the search for newer strong antitumor compounds, herein, we present the study of three nitric oxide-releasing compounds and evaluate them as possible therapies for this malignancy. Bladder cancer cell lines T24 and 253J were used to evaluate the antiproliferative, antimigratory, and genotoxic effects of compounds. Moreover, we determined the NF-κB pathway inhibition, and finally, the survivin downregulation exerted by our molecules. The results revealed that compounds 1 and 3 exerted a high antiproliferative activity against bladder cancer cells through DNA damage and survivin downregulation. In addition, compound 3 reduced bladder cancer cell migration. We found that nitric oxide donors are promising molecules for the development of a new therapeutic targeting the underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis and progression of bladder cancer