Stem and wood characterization of Acacia melanoxylon as an introduced species in Europe

Stem and wood characterization of Acacia melanoxylon as an introduced species in Europeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effect of Electrolyte Balance in Low-Protein Diets on Broiler Performance and Tibial Dyschondroplasia Incidence

A proper dietary electrolyte balance (DEB) is essential to ensure an optimum acid-base equilibrium and broiler performance. In low-CP diets, this balance can be affected by reduction of soybean meal and inclusion of high levels of synthetic amino acids. Although, some studies have related low-protein diets supplemented with amino acids and DEB, these relations are not well explained, because some research demonstrates confusion about the deficiency and balance of nutrients. The objective of these experiments was to evaluate the DEB effects of diets with low levels of protein supplemented with amino acids on broiler performance and bone development. Results indicated that DEB and CP content influenced broiler chick performance in the starter and growing periods. There was no significant effect due to the interaction between DEB and CP content for tibial dyschondroplasia incidence (TD) or in bone breaking resistance during the growing period of either experiment. The incidence of TD was reduced with 253 mEq/kg DEB in the starter period

Realization of Rectangular Artificial Spin Ice and Direct Observation of High Energy Topology

In this letter, we have constructed and experimentally investigated frustrated arrays of dipoles forming two-dimensional artificial spin ices with different lattice parameters (rectangular arrays with horizontal and vertical lattice spacings denoted by $a$ and $b$ respectively). Arrays with three different ratios $\gamma =a/b = \sqrt{2}$, $\sqrt{3}$ and $\sqrt{4}$ are studied. Theoretical calculations of low-energy demagnetized configurations for these same parameters are also presented. Experimental data for demagnetized samples confirm most of the theoretical results. However, the highest energy topology (doubly-charged monopoles) does not emerge in our theoretical model, while they are seen in experiments for large enough $\gamma$. Our results also insinuate that magnetic monopoles may be almost free in rectangular lattices with a critical ratio $\gamma = \gamma_{c} = \sqrt{3}$, supporting previous theoretical predictions

Tamanho do genoma em coqueiro (Cocos nucifera L.) via citometria de Fluxo.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar o tamanho do genoma do coqueiro (Cocos nucífera L.) via determinação do conteúdo de DNA estimado via citometria de fluxo. Quatorze genótipos de coco, seis do tipo anão e oito do tipo gigante, foram utilizados nesse estudo. Para tal, amostras de folíolos medindo aproximadamente 0,5 cm2, por genótipo foram maceradas em solução tampão e filtradas para obtenção de uma suspensão dos núcleos. Posteriormente, os núcleos foram coloridos com iodeto de propídeo e em seguida foi adicionado RNase em cada amostra. Como padrão interno foi utilizado a cultivar CE-777 de milho (Zea mays L.). Após 30 minutos, as amostras foram analisadas em citômetro de fluxo (Partec PA II); para cada genótipo foi feito a leitura de cinco amostras. O conteúdo 2C de DNA de cada genótipo foi determinado, com médias variando de 2,74 pg a 2,86 pg, sendo a média geral 2,80 pg o que corresponde a 2.744 Mpb. O conteúdo de DNA do grupo Gigante foi o mais varável sendo o maior conteúdo estimado para o Gigante de Rennel, e o menor conteúdo para Gigante do Oeste Africano; o grupo Anão teve uma menor variação. A média do conteúdo 2C de DNA do grupo gigante foi de 2,80 pg e a do grupo Anão foi de 2,78pg. Os coeficientes de variação variaram de 2,5% a 3,1%, o que indica a precisão das medições. O teste Scott e Knott a 5% de probabilidade, agrupou os genótipos em 4 classes de acordo com as médias do conteúdo de DNA. Os resultados permitiram concluir que a espécie apresenta baixo conteúdo de DNA quando comparada com outros membros da família Arecaceae

Shannon Meets Carnot: Generalized Second Thermodynamic Law

The classical thermodynamic laws fail to capture the behavior of systems with energy Hamiltonian which is an explicit function of the temperature. Such Hamiltonian arises, for example, in modeling information processing systems, like communication channels, as thermal systems. Here we generalize the second thermodynamic law to encompass systems with temperature-dependent energy levels, $dQ=TdS+dT$, where $$ denotes averaging over the Boltzmann distribution and reveal a new definition to the basic notion of temperature. This generalization enables to express, for instance, the mutual information of the Gaussian channel as a consequence of the fundamental laws of nature - the laws of thermodynamics

Avaliação de clones elite de batata (Solanum tuberosum) à infecção causada por Potato virus Y (PVV) em campo.

Resumo:668-1

New sol-gel-derived magnetic bioactive glass-ceramics containing superparamagnetic hematite nanocrystals for hyperthermia application

Although the three main phases of iron oxide – hematite, maghemite, and magnetite – exhibit superparamagnetic properties at the nanoscale, only maghemite and magnetite phases have been explored in magnetic bioactive glass-ceramics aimed at applications in cancer treatment by hyperthermia. In this work, it is reported for the first time the superparamagnetic properties of hematite nanocrystals grown in a 58S bioactive glass matrix derived from sol-gel synthesis. The glass-ceramics are based on the (100-x)(58SiO2-33CaO-9P2O5)-xFe2O3 system (x = 10, 20 and 30 wt%). A thermal treatment leads to the growth of hematite (α-Fe2O3) nanocrystals, conferring superparamagnetic properties to the glass-ceramics, which is enough to produce heat under an external alternating magnetic field. Besides, the crystallization does not inhibit materials bioactivity, evidenced by the formation of calcium phosphate onto the glass-ceramic surface upon soaking in simulated body fluid. Moreover, their cytotoxicity is similar to other magnetic bioactive glass-ceramics reported in the literature. Finally, these results suggest that hematite nanocrystals' superparamagnetic properties may be explored in multifunctional glass-ceramics applied in bone cancer treatment by hyperthermia allied to bone regeneration