Coastal urbanization leads to remarkable seaweed species loss and community shifts along the SW Atlantic

Coastal urbanization is rapidly expanding worldwide while its impacts on seaweed communities remain poorly understood. We assessed the impact of urbanization along an extensive latitudinal gradient encompassing three phycogeographical regions in the SW Atlantic. Human population density, number of dwellings, and terrestrial vegetation cover were determined for each survey area and correlated with diversity indices calculated from seaweed percent cover data. Urban areas had significantly lower calcareous algal cover (-38%), and there was significantly less carbonate in the sediment off urban areas than off reference areas. Seaweed richness averaged 26% less in urban areas than in areas with higher vegetation cover. We observed a remarkable decline in Phaeophyceae and a substantial increase of Chlorophyta in urban areas across a wide latitudinal gradient. Our data show that coastal urbanization is causing substantial loss of seaweed biodiversity in the SW Atlantic, and is considerably changing seaweed assemblages

TRATAMENTO RESTAURADOR ATRAUMÁTICO NA REDE PÚBLICA DO MUNICÍPIO DE ANÁPOLIS-GO

O  tratamento  restaurador  atraumático  (TRA)  é  uma  técnica consiste  na  remoção  de  tecido  cariado,  desmineralizado,  com  instrumentos cortantes  manuais  simplificados  dispensando  o  uso  de  micromotores  e anestesia  local.  Capaz  de  reduzir  a  necessidade  de  procedimentos  mais complexos,  onerosos  e  que  demandam  maior  tempo  de  atuação  profissional, tem  grande  relevância  principalmente  quando  aplicado  simultaneamente  às medidas  de  promoção  de  saúde

Dataset on SARS-CoV-2 non-pharmaceutical interventions in Brazilian municipalities

Brazil has one of the fastest-growing COVID-19 epidemics worldwide. Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have been adopted at the municipal level with asynchronous actions taken across 5,568 municipalities and the Federal District. This paper systematises the fragmented information on NPIs reporting on a novel dataset with survey responses from 4,027 mayors, covering 72.3% of all municipalities in the country. This dataset responds to the urgency to track and share findings on fragmented policies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Quantifying NPIs can help to assess the role of interventions in reducing transmission. We offer spatial and temporal details for a range of measures aimed at implementing social distancing and the dates when these measures were relaxed by local governments

Inversion in the change of the refractive index and memory effect near the nematic-isotropic phase transition in a lyotropic liquid crystal

This work demonstrates the occurrence of dn/dT inversion from negative to positive near the nematic-isotropic phase transition in a lyotropic liquid crystal. It is suggested that this effect can he attributed to a sudden increase of the electronic polarizability due to a change in the micelle shape near this phase transition. Formation of a long lasting lenslike element within the sample when it is irradiated at moderately high laser powers is also reported. This permanent lens is erasable by increasing the temperature above the nematicisotropic transition temperature.615A5410541

Geometrical anisotropy dependence of thermal diffusivity in lyotropic nematics: Mode mismatched thermal lens measurements

In this work the quantitative theoretical treatment for two beam mode mismatched thermal lens spectrometry is applied to investigate the thermal diffusivity anisotropy of two lyotropic mixtures: (1) potassium laurate, decanol and water and (2) potassium laurate, potassium chloride and water in the nematic calamitic phase. The ratio between the thermal diffusivities parallel and perpendicular to the director has been shown to be smaller than those reported for thermotropic liquid crystal. This observation is explained by using a simple model where this ratio is correlated to the micellar shape anisotropy. (C) 1996 American Institute of Physics.68243371337

Holocene evolution of a barrier island system, Ria Formosa, South Portugal

Holocene evolution of the Ria Formosa barrier island system was studied through the examination of a large subsurface dataset acquired from 191 boreholes and five seismic refraction profiles. Two boreholes with total depths of 26 and 16.5 m were selected for a multi-proxy detailed laboratory analysis, including mean grain size distribution, organic matter (OM) content, color variation, shell identification, and benthic foraminifera assemblages. Selected cores are thought to be representative of the identified depositional sub-basins. Subsurface age data from 16 AMS C-14 dated samples were plotted against depth and resulted in a coherent age model of sedimentary infill. The system evolution was largely controlled by sediment availability, accommodation space, and Holocene sea level rise, first at a rapid rate of 7 mm/yr from 10 kcal yr BP to 7.25 kcal yr BP, followed by a slowdown to 1.1 mm/yr until present. A conceptual model for the origin and Holocene evolution of the Ria Formosa barrier island system implies three main steps, leading to the present system geomorphology: (1) marine flooding of incised palaeovalleys by the rapid transgression of palaeovalleys in the early Holocene(2) development of a proto-barrier island chain perched on Pleistocene detritic headlands and steeper interfluve areas during the early to middle Holoceneand (3) full development of the barrier islands chain and enclosing of the coastal lagoon, followed by the maturation of the system with subsequent siltation and salt marsh expansion from the middle Holocene until present. The onset of barrier system formation dates back to ca. 8 kcal yr BP, predating previously proposed age.SIHER project [PTDC/CTE-GIX112236/2009]EU Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate in Marine and Coastal Management (MACOMA) fellowship grant, under University of AlgarveEU Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate in Marine and Coastal Management (MACOMA) fellowship grant, under University of Cadi

Costimulatory molecule expression on leukocytes from mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis treated with IFN-beta

Interferon-beta (IFN-beta) is of benefit in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), but the mechanisms by which it exerts this beneficial effect remain uncertain. The present data demonstrate that IFN-beta therapy impairs the proliferative response to concanavalin A (ConA) and myelin basic protein (MBP), decreases expression of the CD80 molecule on leukocytes of treated mice, and may thereby impede the Th1 cell activation-promoting anergy in EAE. Moreover, IFN-beta therapy increases expression of the CTLA4 molecule, which induces a counterregulatory Th2 response. The reduction of CD80 expression with concomitant increase of CTLA4 expression alters the course of EAE and may be useful as a monitor in therapy with IFN-beta.23629329