Grotta della Rondinella a Polignano a Mare: un progetto di ricerca della Federazione Speleologica Pugliese

Grotta della Rondinella (PU 71) è una tra le cavità più note e suggestive della fascia costiera di Polignano a Mare, in provincia di Bari. Essa presenta un doppio ingresso: da terra, attraverso uno sprofondamento (sinkhole) e da mare con un ampio portale che conduce a una bella spiaggia in ciottoli. Sebbene inserita in un contesto certamente ad alta vocazione turistica, la cavità, al pari delle molte altre distribuite lungo la costa, non è mai stata adeguatamente tutelata, per cui è di frequente oggetto di degrado, specialmente durante la affollata stagione estiva. Grazie ad un finanziamento privato, è stato avviato un progetto di ricerca multi-disciplinare della Federazione Speleologica Pugliese, comprendente un nuovo rilievo della cavità, indagini a carattere geologico-strutturale e di geomorfologia ipogea, analisi petrografiche e mineralogiche, indagini geofisiche indirizzate alla verifica di eventuali prosecuzioni degli ambienti ipogei. Inoltre, è stato messo in opera il monitoraggio micro-climatico della cavità, e sono stati condotti studi di carattere biospeleologico, con particolare riguardo ai chirotteri, presenti con una piccola colonia nella grotta. L’insieme dei dati così raccolti costituisce indubbiamente un’importante banca dati su un singolo ambiente ipogeo, raramente disponibile in Puglia.Rondinella Cave (PU 71 in the Cadastre of Caves of Apulia region, managed by the Apulian Speleological Federation) is one of the most well known coastal karst caves at Polignano a Mare, along the Adriatic coast in the Bari province. The cave has a double entrance: a wide access allows to enter by the sea, leading to a nice pebble shore, whilst inland a collapse sinkhole represents the main access, produced by fall of the rock diaphragm above the cave. Even though the cave is in a coastal sector heavily frequented by tourists, it was never adequately safeguarded, and, as many other coastal caves in the area, commonly experiences negative effects due to anthropogenic disturbance. Thanks to private funds, a research project was recently started by the Apulian Speleological Federation: it included, but was not limited to, the cave survey with modern speleological techniques; geological, structural and geomorphological analyses; petrographic and mineralogical researches; geophysical surveys addressed to identification of likely further cavities in the areas surrounding the cave. In addition, a micro-climatic monitoring system has been established, and the colony of bats hosted in the cave has been monitored and studied. The amount of data so collected represent without any doubt one of the widest database nowadays available about a karst cave in Apulia

Insufficienza renale acuta del postpartum: una diagnosi complessa?

La diagnosi differenziale nei casi d'insufficienza renale acuta del postpartum associata ad anemia emolitica microangiopatica e trombocitopenia, include, tra le altre: pre-clampsia grave/eclampsia, grave eclampsia, la sindrome HELLP (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzyme, Low Platelet), la acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP), la porpora trombotica trombocitopenica/sindrome emolitico-uremica associata alla gravidanza (TTP/aHUS), esordio acuto o flare di LES in gravidanza e la sindrome catastrofica da anticorpi antifosfolipidi (CAPS). Si tratta di condizioni potenzialmente pericolose per la vita data la presenza di disfunzione multiorgano. Il verificarsi di uno stato di ipercoagulabilità e la concentrazione decrescente di ADAMTS 13 in gravidanza e nel post-parto aumentano il rischio di sviluppare porpora trombotica trombocitopenica (TTP). Vi è però una notevole sovrapposizione riguardo la clinica ed i test di laboratorio tra queste condizioni, e quindi la diagnosi può essere un problema anche per clinici esperti. Tuttavia è importante stabilire un'accurata diagnosi poiché la gestione e le complicanze di tali sindromi possono essere differenti. Il caso presentato sottolinea la complessità connessa alla diagnosi differenziale dei quadri clinici che includono anemia emolitica microangiopatica e trombocitopenia connessi alla gravidanza ed il ruolo del plasma exchange nella loro gestione

Taste and Smell Disorders in COVID-19 Patients: Role of Interleukin-6

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Leukotriene receptor antagonists in monotherapy or in combination with antihistamines in the treatment of chronic urticaria: a systematic review

In vitro and in vivo clinical and experimental data have suggested that leukotrienes play a key role in inflammatory reactions of the skin. Antileukotriene drugs, ie, leukotriene receptor antagonists and synthesis inhibitors, are a class of anti-inflammatory drugs that have shown clinical efficacy in the management of asthma and in rhinitis with asthma. We searched MEDLINE database and carried out a manual search on journals specializing in allergy and dermatology for the use of antileukotriene drugs in urticaria. Montelukast might be effective in chronic urticaria associated with aspirin (ASA) or food additive hypersensitivity or with autoreactivity to intradermal serum injection (ASST) when taken with an antihistamine but not in mild or moderate chronic idiopathic urticaria [urticaria without any possible secondary causes (ie, food additive or ASA and other NSAID hypersensitivity, or ASST)]. Evidence for the effectiveness of zafirlukast and the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, zileuton, in chronic urticaria is mainly anecdotal. In addition, there is anecdotal evidence of effectiveness of antileukotrienes in primary cold urticaria, delayed pressure urticaria and dermographism. No evidence exists for other physical urticarias, including cholinergic, solar and aquagenic urticarias, vibratory angioedema, and exercise-induced anaphylaxis

Improving assessment and management of large non-pedunculated colorectal lesions in a Western center over 10 years. lessons learned and clinical impact

Background and study aims Outcomes of endoscopic assessment and management of large colorectal (CR) non-pedunculated lesions (LNPLs) are still under evaluation, especially in Western settings. We analyzed the clinical impact of changes in LNPL management over the last decade in a European center.Patients and methods All consecutive LNPLs >= 20mm endoscopically assessed (2008-2019) were retrospectively included. Lesion, patient, and resection characteristics were compared among clinically relevant subgroups. Multivariate logistic regression (for predictors of submucosal invasion [SMI] and recurrence), Kaplan-Meier curves and ROC curves (for temporal cut-offs in trends analyses) were used.Results A total of 395 LNPLs were included (30mm [range 20-40]; SMI=9.6%; primary endoscopic resection [ER]=88.4%). Pseudo-depression and JNET classification independently predicted SMI beyond single morphologies/location. After complete ER, involvement of ileocecal valve/dentate line, piece-meal resection and high-grade dysplasia independently predicted recurrence. Rates of 5-year recurrence-free, surgery-free and cancer-free survival were 77.5%, 98.6% and 100%, respectively, with 93.8% recurrences endoscopically managed and no death attributable to ER or CR cancer (versus 3.4% primary surgery mortality). ROC curves identified the period >= 2015 (following Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection [ESD] introduction and education on pre-resective lesion assessment) as associated with improved lesions' characterization, increased en-bloc resection of SMI lesions (87.5% vs 37.5%; p=0.0455), reduced primary surgery (7.5% vs 16.7%; p=0.0072), surgical referral of benign lesions (5.1% vs 14.8%; p=0.0019), and recurrences.Conclusions ESD introduction and educational interventions allowed ER of more complex lesions, offset by increased complementary surgery for complications or intrinsic histological risk. Nevertheless, overall, they have reduced surgery demand and increased appropriateness and safety of LNPL management in our center

Evaluation of qualitative and quantitative taste alterations in COVID-19

Taste dysfunctions occur in a large proportion of COVID-19 patients. This observational study compared interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in mild and moderate COVID-19 patients with the type (quantitative or qualitative) of taste disorders. The 208 COVID-19 patients (118 men and 90 women) showing only taste dysfunctions as prodromic symptoms were classified as mild and moderate patients. The evaluation of the taste disorder was carried out using a survey. The IL-6 levels were measured with a chemiluminescence assay. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon rank, Welch's, and Mann-Whitney tests (p <0.05). The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the perception of sour and salty, nor in the presence of dysgeusia and phantogeusia in moderate versus mild patients (p>0.05). However, there were statistically significant differences in the perception of umami, bitter, sweet, and the presence of parageusia in moderate versus mild patients (p<0.05). There was an impairment of multiple tastes up to ageusia in patients with high IL-6 levels. The results showed that dysfunctions in the perception of sweet, bitter, umami, and the presence of parageusia can be considered as signs of more severe forms of COVID-19

life threatening acute myocardial infarction due to left main dissection during radiofrequency transcatheter ablation of atrial tachycardia

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Evaluation of qualitative and quantitative taste alterations in COVID-19

Taste dysfunctions occur in a large proportion of COVID-19 patients. This observational study compared interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in mild and moderate COVID-19 patients with the type (quantitative or qualitative) of taste disorders. The 208 COVID-19 patients (118 men and 90 women) showing only taste dysfunctions as prodromic symptoms were classified as mild and moderate patients. The evaluation of the taste disorder was carried out using a survey. The IL-6 levels were measured with a chemiluminescence assay. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon rank, Welch’s, and Mann-Whitney tests (p 0.05). However, there were statistically significant differences in the perception of umami, bitter, sweet, and the presence of parageusia in moderate versus mild patients (p<0.05). There was an impairment of multiple tastes up to ageusia in patients with high IL-6 levels. The results showed that dysfunctions in the perception of sweet, bitter, umami, and the presence of parageusia can be considered as signs of more severe forms of COVID-19