Carbopol hydrogel/sorbitan monostearate-almond oil based organogel biphasic formulations: Preparation and characterization of the bigels

Purpose: To obtain and evaluate carbopol hydrogel/sorbitan monostearate-almond oil-based organogel biphasic formulations (bigels) as a semi-solid vehicle for medicated topical applications.Methods: Bigel formulations were obtained under mild conditions at a hydrogel/organogel ratio of 80/20, 70/30, and 60/40 (w/w). Their stability, viscosity, spreadability, microarchitecture, and acute skin toxicity were evaluated.Results: Two formulations, prepared at ratios of 80/20 and 70/30, were stable based on intermediate stability testing, and had a similar viscosity and spreadability (38.0 ± 1.0 mm and 37.3 ± 0.6 mm, p > 0.05, respectively). Both of these formulations had a bimodal droplet size distribution and very similar values for the droplet mean diameter (0.33 ± 0.05 μm and 2.35 ± 0.44; and 0.34 ± 0.04 μm and 2.59 ± 0.21 μm). The formulation obtained at a ratio of 60/40 was unstable during storage. The in vivo results did not reveal any signs of skin toxicity.Conclusion: Considering their beneficial properties, the developed bigels are a potential semi-solid vehicle for topical application and exhibit a moisturizing effect.Keywords: Almond oil, Bigels, Carbopol hydrogel, Moisturizing effect, Organogel, Sorbitan monostearat

Copernicus Marine Service Ocean State Report

This is the final version. Available from Taylor & Francis via the DOI in this record

Copernicus Ocean State Report, issue 6

The 6th issue of the Copernicus OSR incorporates a large range of topics for the blue, white and green ocean for all European regional seas, and the global ocean over 1993–2020 with a special focus on 2020

Copernicus Marine Service ocean state report, issue 4

This is the final version. Available from Taylor & Francis via the DOI in this record. FCT/MCTE

Pathomorphosis of pulmonary TBC - a real fact. A clinical case

В изложението са представени два случая на хематогенно дисеминирана белодробна туберкулоза, които потвърждават още един път многобразието в протичането на тази инфекция. Под влияние на различни външни и вътрешни причини на настоящия етап се наблюдават трайни и съществени изменения в характера и протичането на белодробната туберкулоза, които създават диференциално диагностични проблеми.Two cases of hematogenous disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis are presented in the exposition. This confirms once again the variety in the course of this infection. Under the influence of different external and internal factors, at the current stage, permanent and significant changes in the character and the course of the pulmonary tuberculosis are observed. They cause differentially diagnostic problems

Photometric study of the FUor star V 1735 Cyg (Elias 1-12)

Results from optical photometric observations of the PMS star V 1735 Cyg are reported. On the basis of observed outburst and spectral properties, V 1735 Cyg was classified as a FUor object. We present data from IRVB CCD photometric observations of the star collected from Introduction V 1735 Cyg (Elias 1-12) was discovered by IRVB light curves of V 1735 Cyg in the period . The arrows mark the upper limits from photographic observations made with Palomar, Tonantzintla and Rozhen Schmidt telescopes Results and Discussion Using the collected data from photographic and CCD observations we try to construct the historical light curve of V 1735 Cyg and to study the photometric behavior of the star around the optical outburst and in the time of set in brightness. The analysis of the available photometric data for V 1735 Cyg leads to some important conclusions. The time of rise in brightness and the star magnitude in the maximum light are still under discussion. The data from photographic observations made with the 50/70-cm Schmidt telescope from 1986 to 1992 show a strong light variability (∆V = 1 m .2). Taking into account the magnitudes from We find the photometric studies of FUor and FUor-like objects as very important for their exact classification. The problems with duration and possible recurrence of FUor stage can by solved by collecting photometric data from the photographic plate archives and with photometric monitoring in the present time. Another disputed point that can be solved by photometric monitoring of star forming regions is the percentage of PMS stars passing through a FUor outburst. Acknowledgements