Effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on glycaemic control and skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in db/db mice

The authors wish to thank Mr Mehdi Djelloul-Mazouz and Mr Philippe Denis from INRA Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH, UMR 1019), CRNH Auvergne (France) for the care and the attention to the animals. We also thank Mrs Monique Etienne from AME2P Lab (Clermont-Ferrand, France) and Mrs Anne-Sophie Galvardon for their excellent assistance during the experimentsInternational audiencePhysical activity is known as an effective strategy for prevention and treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. The aim of this work was to compare the effects of a traditional Moderate Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) with a High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function in diabetic mice. Diabetic db/db male mice (N = 25) aged 6 weeks were subdivided into MICT, HIIT or control (CON) group. Animals in the training groups ran on a treadmill 5 days/week during 10 weeks. MICT group ran for 80 min (0 degrees slope) at 50-60% of maximal speed (Vmax) reached during an incremental test. HIIT group ran thirteen times 4 minutes (20 degrees slope) at 85-90% of Vmax separated by 2-min-rest periods. HIIT lowered fasting glycaemia and HbA1c compared with CON group (p < 0.05). In all mitochondrial function markers assessed, no differences were noted between the three groups except for total amount of electron transport chain proteins, slightly increased in the HIIT group vs CON. Western blot analysis revealed a significant increase of muscle Glut4 content (about 2 fold) and higher insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation ratios in HIIT group. HIIT seems to improve glucose metabolism more efficiently than MICT in diabetic mice by mechanisms independent of mitochondrial adaptation

Effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on glycaemic control and skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in db/db mice

Physical activity is known as an effective strategy for prevention and treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. The aim of this work was to compare the effects of a traditional Moderate Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) with a High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function in diabetic mice. Diabetic db/db male mice (N = 25) aged 6 weeks were subdivided into MICT, HIIT or control (CON) group. Animals in the training groups ran on a treadmill 5 days/week during 10 weeks. MICT group ran for 80 min (0 degrees slope) at 50-60% of maximal speed (Vmax) reached during an incremental test. HIIT group ran thirteen times 4 minutes (20 degrees slope) at 85-90% of Vmax separated by 2-min-rest periods. HIIT lowered fasting glycaemia and HbA1c compared with CON group (p < 0.05). In all mitochondrial function markers assessed, no differences were noted between the three groups except for total amount of electron transport chain proteins, slightly increased in the HIIT group vs CON. Western blot analysis revealed a significant increase of muscle Glut4 content (about 2 fold) and higher insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation ratios in HIIT group. HIIT seems to improve glucose metabolism more efficiently than MICT in diabetic mice by mechanisms independent of mitochondrial adaptation

Acute in vivo administration of a fish oil-containing emulsion improves post-ischemic cardiac function in n-3-depleted rats.

SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Effects of carbohydrates-BCAAs-caffeine ingestion on performance and neuromuscular function during a 2-h treadmill run: a randomized, double-blind, cross-over placebo-controlled study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Carbohydrates (CHOs), branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and caffeine are known to improve running performance. However, no information is available on the effects of a combination of these ingredients on performance and neuromuscular function during running.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The present study was designed as a randomized double-blind cross-over placebo-controlled trial. Thirteen trained adult males completed two protocols, each including two conditions: placebo (PLA) and Sports Drink (SPD: CHOs 68.6 g.L^-1, BCAAs 4 g.L^-1, caffeine 75 mg.L^-1). Protocol 1 consisted of an all-out 2 h treadmill run. Total distance run and glycemia were measured. In protocol 2, subjects exercised for 2 h at 95% of their lowest average speeds recorded during protocol 1 (whatever the condition). Glycemia, blood lactate concentration and neuromuscular function were determined immediately before and after exercise. Oxygen consumption (<inline-formula><m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" name="1550-2783-8-22-i1"><m:mover accent="true"><m:mrow><m:mstyle class="text"><m:mtext class="textsf" mathvariant="sans-serif">V</m:mtext></m:mstyle></m:mrow><m:mo class="MathClass-op">˙</m:mo></m:mover><m:msub><m:mrow><m:mstyle class="text"><m:mtext class="textsf" mathvariant="sans-serif">O</m:mtext></m:mstyle></m:mrow><m:mrow><m:mn>2</m:mn></m:mrow></m:msub></m:math></inline-formula>), heart rate (HR) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded during the exercise. Total fluids ingested were 2 L whatever the protocols and conditions.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Compared to PLA, ingestion of SPD increased running performance (p = 0.01), maintained glycemia and attenuated central fatigue (p = 0.04), an index of peripheral fatigue (p = 0.04) and RPE (p = 0.006). Maximal voluntary contraction, <inline-formula><m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" name="1550-2783-8-22-i1"><m:mover accent="true"><m:mrow><m:mstyle class="text"><m:mtext class="textsf" mathvariant="sans-serif">V</m:mtext></m:mstyle></m:mrow><m:mo class="MathClass-op">˙</m:mo></m:mover><m:msub><m:mrow><m:mstyle class="text"><m:mtext class="textsf" mathvariant="sans-serif">O</m:mtext></m:mstyle></m:mrow><m:mrow><m:mn>2</m:mn></m:mrow></m:msub></m:math></inline-formula>, and HR did not differ between the two conditions.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This study showed that ingestion of a combination of CHOs, BCAAs and caffeine increased performance by about 2% during a 2-h treadmill run. The results of neuromuscular function were contrasted: no clear cut effects of SPD were observed.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>ClinicalTrials.gov, <url>http://www.clinicaltrials.gov</url>, <a href="http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00799630">NCT00799630</a></p