84 research outputs found
Evaluating the Validity of Self-Reported Smoking in Mexican Adolescents
Objectives We aimed to evaluate the validity of the self-reported smoking indicator used in the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS).
Setting 43 middle and high-school classrooms from 26 schools were selected from Mexico City and Cuernavaca, Morelos.
Participants A total of 1257 students provided both a questionnaire and a urine sample.
Primary and secondary outcome Sensitivity and specificity of self-reported smoking compared to urinary cotinine. Validity indices were evaluated by subgroups of gender, social acceptability of smoking (ie, smoking parents or friends) and smoking frequency.
Results Sensitivity and specificity for current smoking were 93.2% and 81.7%, respectively. Validity indices remained stable across gender. Parental smoking status moderated the validity of self-report, which had lower sensitivity in adolescents with non-smoking parents (86.7%) than in adolescents with smoking parents (96.6%). Sensitivity and specificity increased with smoking frequency.
Conclusions This first validation study of self-reported current smoking used in the GYTS among Mexican adolescents suggests that self-reported smoking in the past 30 days is a valid and stable indicator of current smoking behaviour. This measure appears suitable for public health research and surveillance
Prevalence, demographics, and clinical characteristics of Latin American patients with spondyloarthritis
Large epidemiologic and clinical estimates of spondyloarthritis (SpA) in Latin America are not available. In this narrative review, our goal was to descriptively summarize the prevalence and features of SpA in Latin America, based on available small studies. A review of peer-reviewed literature identified 41 relevant publications. Of these, 11 (mostly based on Mexican data) estimated the prevalence of SpA and its subtypes, which varied from 0.28 to 0.9% (SpA), 0.02 to 0.8% (ankylosing spondylitis), 0.2 to 0.9% (axial SpA), and 0.004 to 0.08% (psoriatic arthritis). Demographic and/or clinical characteristics were reported in 31 of the 41 publications, deriving data from 3 multinational studies, as well as individual studies from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay, and Venezuela. Data relating to treatment, disease manifestations (articular and extra-articular), and comorbidities were summarized across the countries. Available data suggest that there is a variability in prevalence, manifestations, and comorbidities of SpA across Latin America. Basic epidemiologic and clinical data are required from several countries not currently represented. Data relating to current treatment approaches, patient outcomes, and socioeconomic impact within this large geographic region are also needed
Epidemiología de las enfermedades reumáticas en México. Un estudio de 5 regiones basado en la metodología COPCORD
To estimate the prevalence of musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders and to describe predicting variables associated with rheumatic diseases in 5 regions of México
The prevalence and clinical characteristics of nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis among patients with inflammatory back pain in rheumatology practices: a multinational, multicenter study
BACKGROUND: Patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), who by definition have radiographic sacroiliitis, typically experience symptoms for a decade or more before being diagnosed. Yet, even patients without radiographic sacroiliitis (i.e., nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis [nr-axSpA]) report a significant disease burden. The primary objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of nr-axSpA among patients with inflammatory back pain (IBP) in rheumatology clinics in a number of countries across the world. A secondary objective was to estimate the prevalence of IBP among patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). METHODS: Data were collected from 51 rheumatology outpatient clinics in 19 countries in Latin America, Africa, Europe, and Asia. As consecutive patients with CLBP (N = 2517) were seen by physicians at the sites, their clinical histories were evaluated to determine whether they met the new Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society criteria for IBP. For those who did, their available clinical history (e.g., family history, C-reactive protein [CRP] levels) was documented in a case report form to establish whether they met criteria for nr-axSpA, AS, or other IBP. Patients diagnosed with nr-axSpA or AS completed patient-reported outcome measures to assess disease activity and functional limitations. RESULTS: A total of 2517 patients with CLBP were identified across all sites. Of these, 974 (38.70 %) fulfilled the criteria for IBP. Among IBP patients, 29.10 % met criteria for nr-axSpA, and 53.72 % met criteria for AS. The prevalence of nr-axSpA varied significantly by region (p < 0.05), with the highest prevalence reported in Asia (36.46 %) and the lowest reported in Africa (16.02 %). Patients with nr-axSpA reported mean ± SD Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Scores based on erythrocyte sedimentation rate and CRP of 2.62 ± 1.17 and 2.52 ± 1.21, respectively, indicating high levels of disease activity (patients with AS reported corresponding scores of 2.97 ± 1.13 and 2.93 ± 1.18). Similarly, the overall Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index score of 4.03 ± 2.23 for patients with nr-axSpA (4.56 ± 2.17 for patients with AS) suggested suboptimal disease control. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that, in the centers that participated in the study, 29 % of patients with IBP met the criteria for nr-axSpA and 39 % of patients with CLBP had IBP. The disease burden in nr-axSpA is substantial and similar to that of AS, with both groups of patients experiencing inadequate disease control. These findings suggest the need for early detection of nr-axSpA and initiation of available treatment options to slow disease progression and improve patient well-being
PMS33 COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF TOCILIZUMAB FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ACTIVE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS DESPITE PREVIOUS DMARD THERAPY IN MEXICO
Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad de Cuenca
OBJETIVO:
Determinar las características socio-demográficas
asociadas a la presencia de dolor
músculo-esquelético (MSQ) en personas
mayores de 18 años que viven en el Cantón
Cuenca.
PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS:
Estudio transversal analítico, realizado en sujetos
del área rural y urbana, mayores de 18
años, utilizando la metodología COPCORD
(Community Oriented Program for the Control
of Rheumatic Diseases), adaptada para
Ecuador. Se identificaron a los individuos
con síntomas reumáticos, casa por casa. La
revisión para confirmar el diagnóstico realizó
un médico Reumatólogo.
El análisis estadístico fue univariado y multivariado.
RESULTADOS:
Participaron 2500 personas encuestadas, el
59,6% correspondió al sexo femenino, con
una edad promedio de 42,8 años, el 25,5%
de los participantes realizaban actividades
domésticas. El dolor MSQ se presentó en el
32,2% de las personas, el cual se asoció significativamente
a vivir en el área rural, tener
menor escolaridad, ingresos económicos
por debajo de 340 dólares, carga física mayor
de 8 libras, mayor discapacidad funcional
y el cocinar con leña en el sector rural.
CONCLUSIÓN:
El dolor MSQ tiene un alta prevalencia en la
población de Cuenca, Ecuador; produciendo
discapacidad especialmente en el área
rural. se asocia con menor nivel de escolaridad,
ingresos económicos bajos y mayor
carga físicaOBJECTIVE:
To determine the socio-demographic characteristics
associated with the presence of
musculoskeletal pain (MSK) in people over
18 years who are living in Cuenca.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted
in subjects of rural and urban areas,
who are over 18 years, using the methodology
COPCORD (Community Oriented
Program for the Control of Rheumatic Diseases)
adapted to Ecuador. We identified
individuals with rheumatic symptoms, house
by house.
The revision to confirm the diagnosis was
made by a rheumatologist. The statistical
analysis was univariate and multivariate.
RESULTS
A total of 2500 people were surveyed. The
59.6% were female, with an average age of
42.8 years, the 25.5% of participants performed
domestic activities. The MSK pain occurred
in 32.2% of people, which was significantly
associated with living in rural areas,
have lower education, lower income to $
340, increased physical load of 8 pounds,
more functional disability, and cooking with
firewood in the rural area.
CONCLUSION
The MSK pain has a high prevalence in the
population of Cuenca, Ecuador; producing
disability especially in rural areas. It is associated
with lower levels of education, lower
income and increased physical loadCuenc
Cross-cultural adaptation of the Community Oriented Program for the Control of Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD) in a Colombian population
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