Behavioural change box? Applying the COM-B model to understand behavioural triggers that support consumption of fruits and vegetable among subscribers of a fruit and vegetable box scheme

Objective: To understand the key mechanisms that support healthy dietary habits promoted by fruit and vegetable (F&V) box schemes, testing relevant behaviour change triggers identified under the COM-B model in an evaluation research study of a Portuguese F&V box scheme (PROVE). Design: Correlation study with a post-test-only non-equivalent group design based on survey data. The mechanisms underpinning the differences between subscribers and non-subscribers are operationalised as mediation effects. Data availability, theoretical relevance and empirical validation supported the selection and testing of four potential mediators for the effects of subscribing to the box scheme on F&V consumption. These estimations derive from the coefficients of a structural equation model combined with the product coefficient approach and Sobel test. Setting: The study is part of a wider evaluation study on the impact of the PROVE box scheme on sustainability, health and equity. Participants: A sample of PROVE box subscribers (n 294) was compared with a matched subsample of non-subscribers (n 571) in a nationally representative survey. Results: Subscribing to the PROVE box correlates with an increased probability of eating at least five portions of F&V, irrespective of differences in age, education and perceived economic difficulties. Diet quality perceptions, and more robustly, the strength of meal habits and household availability were identified as relevant mediators. Conclusions: The subscription to an F&V box scheme is connected with proximal context that enables the consumption of F&V by ensuring more readily available F&V and better situational conditions associated with healthier meal habits.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Quantitative and qualitative evaluations of impacts and benefits of nine INHERIT case studies

The INHERIT report Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluations of Impacts and Benefits of Nine INHERIT Case Studies documents the findings relevant to potential impacts and benefits of nine case studies for health, equity and a more sustainable environment. It uses a mixed method approach with quantitative methods augmented in some cases by written responses to survey questions, or by focus group discussions on impacts, as appropriate. Each case study evaluation was led by a different INHERIT partner. In each case, partners formulated the research design appropriate to their case studies and the associated research questions identified within the framework of INHERIT. The coordinating partner, University College London (UCL), developed an evaluation framework to suit the range of case studies examined for impacts and benefits, the case specific logic models developed, and the research questions identified. The nine chapters describe the impact evaluations and findings from the nine case studies using the following format: Background; Overall aims; Context; Research Questions; Methodology; Results; Discussion; Limitations; Learning points for future research; Learning points for potential scale up and transferability

Quantitative and qualitative evaluations of impacts and benefits of nine INHERIT case studies

The INHERIT report Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluations of Impacts and Benefits of Nine INHERIT Case Studies documents the findings relevant to potential impacts and benefits of nine case studies for health, equity and a more sustainable environment. It uses a mixed method approach with quantitative methods augmented in some cases by written responses to survey questions, or by focus group discussions on impacts, as appropriate. Each case study evaluation was led by a different INHERIT partner. In each case, partners formulated the research design appropriate to their case studies and the associated research questions identified within the framework of INHERIT. The coordinating partner, University College London (UCL), developed an evaluation framework to suit the range of case studies examined for impacts and benefits, the case specific logic models developed, and the research questions identified. The nine chapters describe the impact evaluations and findings from the nine case studies using the following format: Background; Overall aims; Context; Research Questions; Methodology; Results; Discussion; Limitations; Learning points for future research; Learning points for potential scale up and transferability

Exploração de um modelo psicossocial de mobilidade urbana na área metropolitana de Lisboa

Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Cognição Social Aplicada), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2017A mobilidade urbana é um fenómeno complexo que envolve as deslocações realizadas pelos indivíduos nas suas atividades diárias no contexto da cidade. Estas deslocações devido ao aumento das áreas suburbanas provocaram um consequente aumento dos transportes utilizados dessas áreas para os centros das áreas urbanas, como é o caso da Área Metropolitana de Lisboa. A mobilidade tem sido estudada com o objetivo de diminuir o impacto negativo da utilização de transportes individuais que põem em causa o bem-estar psicológico do indivíduo. Uma vez que é importante estudar um conjunto de variáveis de forma sistemática para perceber o fenómeno, foi estudado e discutido um modelo psicossocial de mobilidade urbana, para transportes individuais, coletivos e leves. Neste trabalho são apresentadas e discutidas medidas quantitativas de utilização dos transportes que contempla a intermodalidade, especificamente uma medida de proporção de distância e de proporção do tempo. Adicionalmente foram estudados para uma amostra de 367 participantes, conjuntos de variáveis preditoras destas medidas e que incluem, a adaptação da Escala de Atitudes e Crenças sobre os Transportes individuais, coletivos e leves (Sousa, Sanches & Ferreira, 2013), da escala PCA 12 (Bonaiuto, Fornara & Bonnes, 2003) e da PCA Scale 10 (Bonaiuto, Fornara & Bonnes, 2003). Finalmente, foi também estudado, de que forma é que as medidas de proporção se relacionam com consequentes da saúde e do espaço, através da Escala de Consumos (Pacheco, 2005); da Escala de Saúde Mental MHI-5 (Ribeiro, 2001); da Escala de Satisfação com a vida (Pereira, Melo, Gameiro & Canavarro, 2011) e com a Escala de Autocuidado (Pacheco, 2005). Os resultados demonstram a relevância metodológica das medidas de proporcionalidade da distância e do tempo associados às deslocações pendulares e a importância de incluir uma dimensão psicossocial na compreensão dos fenómenos de mobilidade.Urban mobility is a complex phenomenon that involves dislocations carried out by work in daily activities in the city context. Due to the increase of the suburban areas, these displacements have caused a consequent increase use of transports, like Metropolitan Area of Lisbon, for the center of urban areas. Mobility has been studied with the aim of reducing the negative impact of the use of transport goods in person with the individual's psychological well-being. Since it is important to study a set of variables in a systematic way to perceive the phenomenon, a psychosocial model of urban mobility for individual, collective and light transport was studied and discussed. In this work are proposed and discussed quantitative measures of transport use that include intermodality, specifically a measure of distance and proportion of time. In addition, a sample of 367 participants, sets of predictor variables and safety measures, an adaptation of the Scale of Attitudes and Beliefs on individual, collective and light transport (Sousa, Sanches & Ferreira, 2013), PCA 12 scale (Bonaiuto, Fornara & Bonnes, 2003) and the PCA Scale 10 (Bonaiuto, Fornara & Bonnes, 2003). Finally, it was also studied, how the measures of proportion are related to health and space consequences, through the Consumption Scale (Pacheco, 2005); of the MHI-5 Mental Health Scale (Ribeiro, 2001); The Life Satisfaction Scale (Pereira, Melo, Gameiro & Canavarro, 2011) and a Self-Care Scale (Pacheco, 2005). The results conclude a methodological relevance of measures of distance and time proportionality associated with commuting and an importance of include a psychosocial dimension in the understanding of mobility phenomena

Determinants of Ageism against Older Adults: A Systematic Review

Ageism is a widespread phenomenon and constitutes a significant threat to older people’s well-being. Identifying the factors contributing to ageism is critical to inform policies that minimise its societal impact. In this systematic review, we gathered and summarised empirical studies exploring the key determinants of ageism against older people for a period of over forty years (1970–2017). A comprehensive search using fourteen databases identified all published records related to the umbrella concept of “ageism”. Reviewers independently screened the final pool to identify all papers focusing on determinants, according to a predefined list of inclusion and exclusion criteria. All relevant information was extracted and summarised following a narrative synthesis approach. A total of 199 papers were included in this review. We identified a total of 14 determinants as robustly associated with ageism. Of these, 13 have an effect on other-directed ageism, and one on self-directed ageism. The quality of contact with older people and the positive or negative presentation of older people to others emerged as the most robust determinants of other-directed ageism; self-directed ageism is mostly determined by older adults’ health status. Given the correlational nature of most studies included in this review, inferences on causality should be made cautiously.status: publishe

Determinants of Ageism Against Older Adults: a Systematic Review

Ageism is a widespread phenomenon and constitutes a significant threat to older people’s well-being. Identifying the factors contributing to ageism is critical to design policies that minimize its societal impact. In this systematic review, we gathered and summarized empirical studies exploring the key determinants of ageism against older people