Systematic Review of the Literature on Family Farming and the Social and Solidarity Economy in Brazil and Latin America

Concerned with the increase in hunger worldwide as well as unemployment and the lack of equity in the distribution of income the United Nations began to address genuinely Latin American scientific categories in its agendas assemblies and task forces The two main categories are Family Farming with the recent establishment of the Family Farming decade 2019-2028 and the Social and Solidarity Economy as a tool for transposing the Sustainable Development Goals SDGs in the Territories Together these categories can be responsible for achieving the SDGs in 78 of the world s territory There is a need however to clarify whether the science produced in Latin America also presents trends of intersection in the search for the theoretical construction of a new paradigm of production and consumption In this sense the objective of this study was to identify trends in scientific production on the categories Family Farming and Social and Solidarity Economy An adaptation of the PRISMA method was developed as a systematic literature review to identify these trends in the scientific field in Latin America After executing the PRISMA method we arrived at 244 articles from Family Farming and 56 articles from the Social and Solidarity Economy between 2016 and 2020 categorized into Areas of Study and Knowledge Macrocategories and Microcategories There are consolidated trends in the intersection between Family Farming and the Social and Solidarity Economy in productions on Productive Inclusion Sustainable Development and Sustainability Indicators and with evident growth in the areas of productions on Food Security mainly in the Organic Foods and Agroecology microcategories and productions on Public Policies in microcategories such as the National School Feeding Program Social Transformations and Social Technologies We conclude that the relationship between Social and Solidarity Economy and Family Farming is reciprocal in terms of granting cohesion to the scientific production network extrapolating the borders of Brazil and integrating not only Latin America but also Iberoamerica as a path to the expansion of both the categorie

Contribution of Rural Non-Farm Enterprises to Buen Vivir in Protected Areas in the Amazon

Rural non-farm activities are adaptation strategies that local communities develop as socioeconomic alternatives for facing imposed restrictions in protected areas To highlight these strategies this study aimed to relate the socioeconomic variables of social agents SAs with their perceptions about the impact of rural non-farm enterprises RNFEns on the Buen Vivir of their community as residents of the Sustainable Development Reserve of Tup Manaus Amazonas In this exploratory research through semi-structured interviews and participatory observations the perceptions of the SAs about the dimensions of Buen Vivir Psychological Well-Being Time Use Community Vitality Culture Environment and others were evaluated and how these perceptions relate to the socioeconomic variables of the RNFEns In the perception of the SAs the RNFEns positively impact Buen Vivir in the dimensions with the strongest collective tendency and negatively in the dimensions with the strongest private tendency with pluriactivity being the explanatory variabl

Impactos da Pandemia da COVID-19 nos Cursos EaD da Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM)

 The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education has also affected distance learning courses (DLC), either by the interruption of face-to-face activities or by the individual conditions of the students. The present study aimed to diagnose the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on aspects related to health, academic performance and motivation of DLC/UFAM students. An online form (Google Forms) was used for the data collection on social, health and perception of the return to face-to-face activities of distance education students. Academic performance was assessed by the grades report of subjects taken in 2019/2 (before the pandemic) and 2020/1 (beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic). The majority of distance education students from UFAM were women, brown skin and aged between 25 to 40 years old. In June 2020, about 10% of participants tested positive for COVID-19 and most were concerned about the possibility of contamination by the disease when they answered that they would not participate in face-to-face activities during the pandemic. The average pass rate in courses in the semester taken during the pandemic it was 16% higher than in the previous semester. Students rated positively the suspension measures of face-to-face activities and motivation was the main element associated with permanence and good performance in the courses. The monitoring data served as support to the Distance Education Center – DEC/UFAM pedagogical team and course coordinators for the identification of students with difficulties, individual monitoring of cases and the realization of personalized solutions. Keywords: Monitoring COVID-19. Health indicators. Face-to-face meetings. Pandemic impacts. Academic achievement.    O impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 na educação também afetou os cursos na modalidade a distância (EaD), seja pela interrupção de atividades presenciais ou pelas condições individuais dos estudantes. O presente estudo objetivou diagnosticar o impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 nos aspectos relacionados a saúde, desempenho acadêmico e motivação dos estudantes da EaD/UFAM. Foi utilizado um formulário online (Google Forms) para a coleta de dados sobre os indicadores sociais, de saúde e de percepção do retorno às atividades presenciais dos estudantes EaD. O desempenho acadêmico foi avaliado pelo relatório de notas das disciplinas cursadas em 2019/2 (antes da pandemia)  e 2020/1 (início da pandemia da COVID-19). A maioria dos estudantes EaD da UFAM foi composta por mulheres, de cor parda e com idade entre 25 a 40 anos. Em junho de 2020, cerca de 10% dos participantes testaram positivo para a COVID-19 e a maioria se mostrou preocupada com a possibilidade de contaminação pela doença, ao responder que não participaria de atividades presenciais durante a pandemia. A taxa média de aprovação em disciplinas no semestre cursado durante a pandemia foi 16% superior à do semestre anterior. Os estudantes avaliaram positivamente as medidas de suspensão das atividades presenciais e a motivação foi o principal elemento associado a permanência e bom desempenho nas disciplinas. Os dados do monitoramento serviram de suporte à equipe pedagógica do Centro de Educação a Distância – CED/UFAM e coordenadores de curso para a identificação de estudantes com dificuldades, acompanhamento individual dos casos e a realização de soluções personalizadas. Palavras-chave: Monitoramento COVID-19. Indicadores de saúde. Encontros presenciais. Impactos da pandemia. Desempenho acadêmico

Family Farming and Social and Solidarity Economy Enterprises in the Amazon: Opportunities for Sustainable Development

A research gap in the scientific literature has arisen concerning the challenge faced by actors who formulate public policies on the compatibility between economic activities and sustainable development in the Amazon. The main question that guided this study was whether the organizations of the social and solidarity economy (SSE), in the form of family farming cooperatives and associations, are sufficiently consolidated in the Brazilian Legal Amazon. To achieve the intended objective, the authors used the ArcGIS Pro 10.8 software with an exploratory analysis of spatial data (AEDE). Specifically, the mapping clusters tool was used to present and discuss the distribution of establishments and enterprises in a municipality. The database was the “2017 Agricultural Census” from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the most recent official government data available. Establishments and enterprises of family farming in the 772 municipalities of the Legal Amazon with credit access in a period between August 2017 and February 2019 were selected for analysis. We confirmed the hypothesis that SSE projects are essential to achieve sustainability in the Amazon. In addition, this study suggests that this model can be an essential alternative to support public policies for the sustainable development of the biome

The Perceived quality assessment of the health services offered to riverine communities in Brazilian Amazon

In line with the UN Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goals, Public Health Policies follow in Brazil criteria of universality, completeness, and equity formulated to ensure access to health services in adequate quantity and quality for the entire population. To evaluate the quality of services provided in health units, it is essential, however, to make methodological considerations to concern the use of proper instruments and techniques to achieve accuracy and precision regarding their effectiveness for the user population. Mainly where health care is precarious or in need of adjustment, properly constructed indicators can become excellent management tools. This paper aims to analyze the specificities of the perception of the quality of health services offered to residents of the riverside communities of the Tupé Sustainable Development Reserve (SDR), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. The methodological approach is from a descriptive and ecological case study, based on field research with original data collection of fixed residents, aged over 18 years, by applying structured questionnaires and analyzing the results according to the SERVQUAL methodology. In the present study, it observed the impact of previous experiences of attending on the quality of health service. In the case of SDR of Tupé, there were positive evaluations with above 70% in all items. Still, when analyzing the data set and cut, considering the existence or not of previous experience, a different pattern of perception was detected. Based on these results, we suggest that the quality perception of health has to do with competitiveness, associated with the performance standard on the offer available to the customer

Family Farming and Social and Solidarity Economy Enterprises in the Amazon: Opportunities for Sustainable Development

A research gap in the scientific literature has arisen concerning the challenge faced by actors who formulate public policies on the compatibility between economic activities and sustainable development in the Amazon. The main question that guided this study was whether the organizations of the social and solidarity economy (SSE), in the form of family farming cooperatives and associations, are sufficiently consolidated in the Brazilian Legal Amazon. To achieve the intended objective, the authors used the ArcGIS Pro 10.8 software with an exploratory analysis of spatial data (AEDE). Specifically, the mapping clusters tool was used to present and discuss the distribution of establishments and enterprises in a municipality. The database was the “2017 Agricultural Census” from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the most recent official government data available. Establishments and enterprises of family farming in the 772 municipalities of the Legal Amazon with credit access in a period between August 2017 and February 2019 were selected for analysis. We confirmed the hypothesis that SSE projects are essential to achieve sustainability in the Amazon. In addition, this study suggests that this model can be an essential alternative to support public policies for the sustainable development of the biome

Potencial socioeconômico de produtos florestais não madeireiros na reserva de desenvolvimento sustentável do Uatumã, Amazonas

: In the protected areas of the Amazon, the extraction of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) is one of the most relevant economic activities for the well-being of communities and for the in situ conservation of agrobiodiversity. This research aimed to evaluate the current management and commercialization practices of NTFPs in the Uatumã Sustainable Development Reserve, through semistructured interviews with 23 family units and 7 local resellers of regional products. We considered the following variables to evaluate the commercialization potential: abundance of available NTFPs, interest of families, use and management practices, cost of production, productivity and profitability. Of the 24 NTFPs collected by the families, there was a greater representativeness in food products. Based on 9 potentiality indicators, we evaluated the 6 NTFPs with the highest frequency of commercialization. Supply and demand proved to be the determining variables in all NTFPs and the cost of labor proved to be the factor with the greatest impact on the cost of production. NTFPs are resources that contribute mainly to household food security. Ours results recommend an intensified management of copaíba (Copaifera L.), mainly for obtaining oil-resin, a product best evaluated by Family Units and with growing regional demand, according to retailers

Potencial socioeconômico de produtos florestais não madeireiros na reserva de desenvolvimento sustentável do Uatumã, Amazonas

: In the protected areas of the Amazon, the extraction of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) is one of the most relevant economic activities for the well-being of communities and for the in situ conservation of agrobiodiversity. This research aimed to evaluate the current management and commercialization practices of NTFPs in the Uatumã Sustainable Development Reserve, through semistructured interviews with 23 family units and 7 local resellers of regional products. We considered the following variables to evaluate the commercialization potential: abundance of available NTFPs, interest of families, use and management practices, cost of production, productivity and profitability. Of the 24 NTFPs collected by the families, there was a greater representativeness in food products. Based on 9 potentiality indicators, we evaluated the 6 NTFPs with the highest frequency of commercialization. Supply and demand proved to be the determining variables in all NTFPs and the cost of labor proved to be the factor with the greatest impact on the cost of production. NTFPs are resources that contribute mainly to household food security. Ours results recommend an intensified management of copaíba (Copaifera L.), mainly for obtaining oil-resin, a product best evaluated by Family Units and with growing regional demand, according to retailers

Monitoramento COVID-19 dos Discentes EaD da UFAM

O presente documento foi desenvolvido pelo Subcomitê de Enfrentamento ao COVID-19 do Centro de Educação a Distância –CED da Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM) em parceria com o Sub Comitê de Enfrentamento a COVID-19 das Unidades Acadêmicas do ICSEZ, ICET e INC e apoio técnico do projeto Atlas ODS Amazonas, Laboratório de Administração (UFAM/INC) e do Grupo de Pesquisa de Estudos Organizacionais (UFAM/INC). O monitoramento dos cursos na modalidade a distância teve como objetivo acompanhar a situação de saúde dos discentes durante a pandemia da COVID-19. A matriz avaliativa do instrumento MonitoraEAD UFAM COVID-19 permite identificar os discentes em tratamento ou com sintomas da COVID-19, além de impactos gerados pela pandemia no funcionamento dos cursos.Todas as informações contidas no monitoramento são autodeclaradas e nenhuma resposta foi alterada na elaboração do boletim.1Adicionar alguns exemplos de depósitos já realizados para o usuário ter como modelo.Nã