Faculdade de Medicina da UFRGS : uma história de 100 anos!

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Contribuição ao tratamento das hemorróides pela criocirurgia

Contribuição ao tratamento das hemorróides pela criocirurgi

Prevalence, clinical correlates and maternal psychopathology of deliberate self-harm in children and early adolescents : results from a large community study

Objectives: Little is known about the prevalence and correlates of deliberate self-harm (DSH) in children from low- and middle-income countries. We investigated the prevalence of DSH and its clinical and maternal psychopathological associations in Brazilian children (n=2,508, ages 6-14y) in a community-based study. Methods: Participants of the High Risk Cohort Study for the Development of Childhood Psychiatric Disorders (HRC) and their mothers were assessed in structured interviews. Current (last month) and lifetime DSH were estimated, including analysis stratified by age groups. Logistic regressions were performed to investigate the role of the children’s clinical diagnoses and maternal psychopathology on DSH prevalence estimates, adjusting for potential confounding factors. Results: The prevalence of current DSH was 0.8% (children 0.6%, adolescents 1%) and lifetime DSH was 1.6% (1.8% and 1.5%, respectively). Current and lifetime DSH were more frequent in children with depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), even in multiple models accounting for demographic variables and co-occurring psychiatric disorders. Maternal anxiety disorder was strongly associated with current and lifetime DSH in offspring; whereas current DSH, specifically in young children, was associated with maternal mood disorder. Conclusion: Diagnoses of depression, ADHD and ODD were consistently associated with DSH, as was having a mother with anxiety disorder

Specific and social fears in children and adolescents : separating normative fears from problem indicators and phobias

Objective: To distinguish normative fears from problematic fears and phobias. Methods: We investigated 2,512 children and adolescents from a large community school-based study, the High Risk Study for Psychiatric Disorders. Parent reports of 18 fears and psychiatric diagnosis were investigated. We used two analytical approaches: confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)/item response theory (IRT) and nonparametric receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: According to IRT and ROC analyses, social fears are more likely to indicate problems and phobias than specific fears. Most specific fears were normative when mild; all specific fears indicate problems when pervasive. In addition, the situational fear of toilets and people who look unusual were highly indicative of specific phobia. Among social fears, those not restricted to performance and fear of writing in front of others indicate problems when mild. All social fears indicate problems and are highly indicative of social phobia when pervasive. Conclusion: These preliminary findings provide guidance for clinicians and researchers to determine the boundaries that separate normative fears from problem indicators in children and adolescents, and indicate a differential severity threshold for specific and social fears

Abdomino-perineal ressections of rectum : the Experience from Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre

Neste estudo analisamos a recidiva local e a sobrevida de 92 pacientes submetidos a amputação abdômino-perineal de reto por tumores malignos, realizadas entre 1973 e 1985 no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. A recidiva local do tumor ocorreu em 25% dos casos. Separando-se os casos segundo a classificação original de Dukes, encontramos as seguintes taxas de recidiva local: Dukes A: 9%; Dukes 8: 17%; Dukes C: 38%. A sobrevida dos pacientes em 5 anos, levando- se em conta somente os casos operados até 1982, e utilizando-se a classificação de Dukes modificada, foi a seguinte: Dukes A: 79%; Dukes 8: 70%; Dukes C: 40%; Dukes 0: zero. A sobrevida média em 5 anos foi 61%.In this study, we analyse local recurrence and survival rate of 92 patients with malignant tumors of the rectum, anal canal margin, who were submitted to abdomino-perineal ressection at the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre between 1973 and 1985. Local recurrence was 25%. Separating ali cases according to Dukes classification, local recurrence was: Dukes A: 9%; Dukes 8: 17%; Dukes C: 38%. 8y limiting this analysis to those patients operated prior to 1982, there were 22 five-year survivors (61%). Separating them according to Modified Dukes classification, fiveyear survival was: Dukes A: 79%; Dukes 8: 70%; Dukes C: 40% and Dukes D: zero

The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment: Exploring Fundamental Symmetries of the Universe

The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the dynamics of the supernova bursts that produced the heavy elements necessary for life and whether protons eventually decay --- these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our Universe, its current state and its eventual fate. The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) represents an extensively developed plan for a world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions. LBNE is conceived around three central components: (1) a new, high-intensity neutrino source generated from a megawatt-class proton accelerator at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, (2) a near neutrino detector just downstream of the source, and (3) a massive liquid argon time-projection chamber deployed as a far detector deep underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. This facility, located at the site of the former Homestake Mine in Lead, South Dakota, is approximately 1,300 km from the neutrino source at Fermilab -- a distance (baseline) that delivers optimal sensitivity to neutrino charge-parity symmetry violation and mass ordering effects. This ambitious yet cost-effective design incorporates scalability and flexibility and can accommodate a variety of upgrades and contributions. With its exceptional combination of experimental configuration, technical capabilities, and potential for transformative discoveries, LBNE promises to be a vital facility for the field of particle physics worldwide, providing physicists from around the globe with opportunities to collaborate in a twenty to thirty year program of exciting science. In this document we provide a comprehensive overview of LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the landscape of neutrino physics worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate and the capabilities it will possess.Comment: Major update of previous version. This is the reference document for LBNE science program and current status. Chapters 1, 3, and 9 provide a comprehensive overview of LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the landscape of neutrino physics worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate and the capabilities it will possess. 288 pages, 116 figure