Valdeavellano de Tera (Soria) : aula activa de la naturaleza

En la cub. figura: Junta de Castilla y León. Consejería de Educación y Cultura.Copia digital : Junta de Castilla y León. Consejería de Cultura y Turismo, 201

Vertical Jumping as a Monitoring Tool in Endurance Runners: A Brief Review

Jumping performance (e.g., countermovement jump [CMJ]), as a measure of neuromuscular performance, has been suggested as an easy-to-use tool which simultaneously provides neuromuscular and metabolic information and, thereby, allows coaches to confidently monitor the status of their athletes during a workout. This hypothesis has been satisfactorily tested with sprint athletes. However, the rationale for the use of CMJ height loss as an index to monitor the workload during an endurance running session is not sufficiently evidence-based. First, it is assumed that a CMJ height loss occurs during typical interval training for endurance runners. Second, it is also assumed that a significant relationship between metabolic stress and the neuromuscular strain induced during these endurance workouts exists. These two assumptions will be questioned in this review by critically analyzing the kinetics of CMJ performance during and after running workouts, and the relationship between neuromuscular and physiological stress induced during different protocols in endurance runners. The current evidence shows that fatigue induced by common running workouts for endurance runners does not counterbalance the potentiation effect in the CMJ height. Additionally, the findings reported among different studies are consistent regarding the lack of association between CMJ height loss and physiological stress during interval sessions in endurance runners. In practical terms, the authors suggest that this marker of neuromuscular fatigue may not be used to regulate the external training load during running workouts in endurance runners. Nevertheless, the analysis of CMJ height during running workouts may serve to monitor chronic adaptations to training in endurance runners

Análisis del rendimiento en salto vertical, agilidad,

Objetivo Analizar la influencia de la categoría de edad en la capacidad de salto, sprint, agilidad y velocidad de golpeo en futbolistas jóvenes. Método Estudio transversal en el que participaron 36 jugadores de nivel subélite provenientes de las categorías inferiores (cadete y juvenil) de equipos de fútbol andaluces (edad: 15,87 ± 1,43 años; masa corporal: 65,38 ± 10,84 kg; altura: 1,71 ± 0,06 m). Se evaluó la composición corporal, el rendimiento en salto vertical (CMJ), la agilidad mediante el test de Balsom, velocidad de sprint en 5, 10, 20 y 30 m y la velocidad de golpeo con ambas piernas. Resultados Los análisis mostraron que los jugadores juveniles tienen mayor rendimiento en los test de CMJ, agilidad y velocidad de golpeo con ambas piernas que los cadetes. No se aprecian diferencias significativas (p ≥ 0,05) en la prueba de velocidad, aunque se evidencia una clara tendencia a favor de los juveniles. Conclusión Existe efecto de la edad durante la etapa de la adolescencia sobre la capacidad de salto, la agilidad, la velocidad de golpeo y, en menor medida, sobre la velocidad de jóvenes jugadores de fútbol, además de asociación entre las capacidades condicionales más influyentes en el rendimiento del futbolista

Anàlisi del rendiment en el salt vertical, agilitat i velocitat

Objectiu Analitzar la influència de la categoria d’edat en la capacitat de salt, esprint, agilitat i velocitat de xut de futbolistes joves. Mètode Estudi transversal en què participaren 36 jugadors de nivell subelit provinents de les categories inferiors (cadet i juvenil) d’equips de futbol andalusos (edat: 15,87 ± 1,43 anys; massa corporal: 65,38 ± 10,84 kg; alçada: 1,71 ± 0,06 m). S’avaluà la composició corporal, el rendiment en el salt vertical (CMJ), l’agilitat mitjançant el test de Balsom, la velocitat d’esprints en 5, 10, 20 i 30 m i la velocitat del xut amb ambdues cames. Resultats Les anàlisis mostraren que els jugadors juvenils tenien un rendiment major en els tests del CMJ, agilitat i velocitat de xut amb ambdues cames que els cadets. No s’aprecien diferències significatives (p ≥ 0,05) en la prova de velocitat, tot i que s’evidencia una tendència clara a favor dels juvenils. Conclusió Existeix l’efecte de l’edat durant l’etapa de l’adolescència sobre la capacitat de salt, l’agilitat, la velocitat de xut i, en menor mesura, sobre la velocitat dels jugadors de futbol joves, a més d’associació entre les capacitats condicionals, més influents en el rendiment del futbolista

The variability of strength production capacities during a judo contest

Background. The muscular response of athletes in a judo contest is one of the most important aspect to measure with precision. Objective. Our purpose was to obtain and analyse the variability of strength associated to muscular performance parameters during a judo contest. Methods. Thirty-five men performed five 5-minute bouts with 15 minutes of passive rest. Immediately after each bout, muscular performance parameters were tested: countermovement jump (CMJ), maximal dynamic strength capacities (mean power velocity (MPV), mean strength (MS), maximum strength (MXS), mean power (MP) and maximum power (MXP)) in upper body, dominant (DHS) and non-dominant handgrip isometric strength (NDHS). ANOVA to compare baseline test data and successive bouts was used. Results. ANOVA revealed significant differences in NDHS (p<0.001), DHS (p<0.001), CMJ (p<0.001), MPV (p<0.001), MXS (p<0.001), MP (p<0.001) and MXP (p<0.001). No significant differences in MS (p = 0.008) were found. Some significant correlations between NDHS and ΔPMX (r=0.368, p=0.050), MPV and ΔMXS (r=0.528, p=0.001) and ΔMXP (r=0.683, p<0.001), MPX and ΔMXS (r=0.528, p=0.001) and ΔMP (r=0.877, p<0.001) were found. Conclusion. Due to judo contest can be considered a high intensity exercise, it produces an amount of muscular fatigue and therefore significant loss strength that it cannot be recovery during rest-times between successive bouts. For this reason, it was a high variability in strength production capacities, which are modified during a judo contest

Force–velocity profiles in CrossFit athletes: A cross-sectional study considering sex, age, and training frequency

Introduction: The force–velocity profile has been analysed previously in different sports modalities; nevertheless, it has not been analysed in CrossFit. Objective: The aim of this study was to report neuromuscular characteristics of CrossFit athletes using their individual force-velocity profile, investigating differences according to sex, age, and training frequency. Materials and Meth-ods: 72 males (33.17 ± 6.86 years; BMI: 25.93 ± 3.64 kg/m2) and 18 females (30.11 ± 6.92 years; BMI: 23.53 ± 3.98 kg/m2) participated in this study. The force-velocity profile was calculated using Samo-zino’s method. Furthermore, neuromuscular characterization was completed with a squat jump and three drop jumps (20, 30, and 40 cm). Results: Regarding sex, significant differences in all analysed mechanical variables (p < 0.001) were found except for the theoretical maximal force (p = 0.944). No significant differences were found between age groups. Considering training frequency, athletes who train more than 5 days per week showed higher performance in all analysed mechanical variables (p < 0.05). Conclusion: CrossFit athletes have a force-velocity profile more oriented towards velocity than force. Males and females have different neuromuscular characteristics, also neuromus-cular improvements can be achieved at any age. Moreover, higher neuromuscular performance is developed with a training frequency of 5 days or more per week

ACUTE RESPONSES TO 4 VS. 4 SMALL-SIDED GAMES IN FOOTBALL PLAYERS

The aim of this study was to examine acute physiological responses, physical fitness parameters and timemotion characteristics associated with a 4-a-side small-sided game in amateur level players. Sixteen male football players (age 23.9±4.2 years) completed one 4-a-side small sided game with the aim of maintaining ball possession as long as possible. The participants were monitored for external load and physiological parameters, and tested before and after for physical fitness assessment. A Student’s paired t-test was conducted to determine the differences in physical fitness assessment. A repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), with Bonferroni post-hoc test, was used to determine the dynamics of physiological parameters in players, their RPE and time-motion characteristics of SSG. A significant difference was found in 20 m sprint time between before and after the SSG (Δ=+1.3%). No significant differences were found between bouts or recovery periods for THb and SmO2, nor between HR-related variables (ES=.005-.383). Compared to RPE in bout 1, greater values were observed in bouts 2, 3, and 4 (Δ=+5.3%, p=.008, ES=.40; Δ=+9.6%, p=.002, ES=.98; Δ=+15.1%, p=.000, ES=1.29; respectively). No significant differences were found between bouts for time-motion characteristics. The results demonstrated that RPE responses increased throughout bout periods, whereas the rest of physiological parameters were maintained over the entire protocol. Due to possible fatigue accumulation, physical fitness performance was impaired (sprint) and the external load was reduced over the course of the protocol

Acute Effects of Muscular Fatigue on Vertical Jump Performance in Acrobatic Gymnasts, Evaluated by Instrumented Insoles: A Pilot Study

The study of fatigue during training is becoming a very useful tool to avoid possible injuries not only during the training sessions but also during recovery time. Many researches have proved that concepts such as muscular fatigue and postactivation potentiation have a close relationship. With this aim, vertical jump can provide a very important information that can help to analyze the muscular fatigue that happened during this type of activity, mainly if the monitoring system is able to measure jumping parameters during their regular training session in their natural training environment. This study was performed with instrumented insoles called ECnsole. These insoles were tested with a group of twelve volunteers. In a tumbling surface, the participants performed a jumping protocol in three conditions: rest, fatigue-induced, and recovery. Using these validated insoles, the acrobatic gymnasts showed an inability to use the stretch-shortening cycle for improving vertical jumping performance after fatigue condition, although no deterioration of jump performance was found.Junta de Andalucía European Commission P10-TIC5997European Commissio

Generación automática de preguntas cloze para cuestionarios Moodle sobre análisis léxico

Los cuestionarios de Moodle son una manera conveniente de afrontar la evaluación online, tan relevante en época de pandemia. Desafortunadamente, su preparación es lenta, engorrosa y propensa a fallos. Además de diseñar la pregunta, luego hay que crearla en Moodle. Si tiene imágenes, hay que crearlas y subirlas a Moodle. También hay que configurar la calificación asociada a la respuesta correcta y a las opciones alternativas incorrectas. Si este proceso se tiene que repetir con muchas preguntas, el tiempo necesario termina siendo prohibitivo. En este trabajo se presenta una herramienta que resuelve todos estos problemas permitiendo la generación automática y masiva de preguntas para la evaluación de algoritmos de obtención de autómatas finitos a partir de expresiones regulares. La evaluación de estos algoritmos es relevante tanto en las asignaturas de lenguajes formales como en las de diseño de compiladores. Con un algoritmo genético se buscan ejercicios de complejidad configurable, tras lo cual se genera el texto, tablas e imágenes asociadas para la carga masiva de todas las preguntas generadas. El principal impacto del uso de esta herramienta está en la enorme reducción del tiempo en la preparación de preguntas, sustituyendo cientos o miles de interacciones con los formularios de Moodle, por unos pocos pasos.Moodle questionnaires are a convenient way to face the online assessment, so relevant in these pandemic times. Unfortunately, their preparation is slow, cumbersome, and prone to mistakes. In addition to designing the question, then it has to be introduced in Moodle. If the question has images, it is necessary to create and upload them to Moodle. It is also necessary to configure the grades associated with the correct answer and the incorrect alternative options. If this process has to be repeated with many questions, the time required ends up being prohibitive. In this work, a tool is presented that solves all these problems, allowing the automatic and massive generation of questions for the evaluation of algorithms for obtaining finite automata from regular expressions. The evaluation of these algorithms is relevant in both formal languages and compiler design subjects. With a genetic algorithm, exercises of configurable complexity are searched, after which the text, tables and associated images are generated for the massive loading of all the questions generated. The main impact of the use of this tool is in the enormous reduction of the time in the preparation of questions, replacing hundreds or thousands of interactions with Moodle forms, for a few steps