357 research outputs found
Global dynamics above the ground state for the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation without a radial assumption
We extend our previous result on the focusing cubic Klein-Gordon equation in
three dimensions to the non-radial case, giving a complete classification of
global dynamics of all solutions with energy at most slightly above that of the
ground state.Comment: 40 page
Verifying Different-modality Properties for Concepts Produces Switching Costs
According to perceptual symbol systems (Barsalou, 1999), sensory-motor
simulations underlie the representation of concepts. It follows that
sensory-motor phenomena should arise in conceptual processing. Previous
studies have shown that switching from one modality to another during
perceptual processing incurs a processing cost. If perceptual simulation
underlies conceptual processing, then verifying the properties of
concepts should exhibit a switching cost as well. For example, verifying
a property in the auditory modality (e.g., BLENDER-loud) should be
slower after verifying a property in a different modality (e.g.,
CRANBERRIES-tart) than in the same modality (e.g., LEAVES-rustling).
Only words were presented to subjects, and there were no instructions to
use imagery. Nevertheless switching modalities incurred a cost,
analogous to switching modalities in perception. A second experiment
showed that this effect was not due to associative priming between
properties in the same modality. These results support the hypothesis
that perceptual simulation underlies conceptual processing
Fundamental Solutions for the Klein-Gordon Equation in de Sitter Spacetime
In this article we construct the fundamental solutions for the Klein-Gordon
equation in de Sitter spacetime. We use these fundamental solutions to
represent solutions of the Cauchy problem and to prove estimates for
the solutions of the equation with and without a source term
The Embodiment of Success and Failure as Forward versus Backward Movements
People often speak of success (e.g., “advance”) and failure (e.g., “setback”) as if they were forward versus backward movements through space. Two experiments sought to examine whether grounded associations of this type influence motor behavior. In Experiment 1, participants categorized success versus failure words by moving a joystick forward or backward. Failure categorizations were faster when moving backward, whereas success categorizations were faster when moving forward. Experiment 2 removed the requirement to categorize stimuli and used a word rehearsal task instead. Even without Experiment 1’s response procedures, a similar cross-over interaction was obtained (e.g., failure memorizations sped backward movements relative to forward ones). The findings are novel yet consistent with theories of embodied cognition and self-regulation
Novel word integration in the mental lexicon: Evidence from unmasked and masked semantic priming
Diversity and biogeochemical structuring of bacterial communities across the Porangahau ridge accretionary prism, New Zealand
Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2011. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of John Wiley & Sons for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in FEMS Microbiology Ecology 77 (2011): 518-532, doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01133.x.Sediments from the Porangahau ridge, located off the northeastern coast of New Zealand,
were studied to describe bacterial community structure in conjunction with differing
biogeochemical regimes across the ridge. Low diversity was observed in sediments from an
eroded basin seaward of the ridge and the community was dominated by uncultured members of
the Burkholderiales. Chloroflexi/GNS and Deltaproteobacteria were abundant in sediments from
a methane seep located landward of the ridge. Gas-charged and organic rich sediments further
landward had the highest overall diversity. Surface sediments, with the exception of those from
the basin, were dominated by Rhodobacterales sequences associated with organic matter
deposition. Taxa related to the Desulfosarcina/Desulfococcus and the JS1 candidates were highly
abundant at the sulfate-methane transition zone (SMTZ) at three sites. To determine how
community structure was influenced by terrestrial, pelagic, and in situ substrates, sequence data
were was statistically analyzed against geochemical data (e.g., sulfate, chloride, nitrogen,
phosphorous, methane, bulk inorganic and organic carbon pools) using the Biota-Environmental
matching procedure. Landward of the ridge, sulfate was among the most significant structuring
factors. Seaward of the ridge, silica and ammonium were important structuring factors.
Regardless of the transect location, methane was the principal structuring factor on SMTZ
communities.This work was supported by the Naval Research Laboratory Chemistry Division Young
Investigator Program and the Office of Naval Research platform support program.2012-05-1
Group membership and racial bias modulate the temporal estimation of in-group/out-group body movements
Social group categorization has been mainly studied in relation to ownership manipulations involving highly-salient multisensory cues. Here, we propose a novel paradigm that can implicitly activate the embodiment process in the presence of group affiliation information, whilst participants complete a task irrelevant to social categorization. Ethnically White participants watched videos of White- and Black-skinned models writing a proverb. The writing was interrupted 7, 4 or 1 s before completion. Participants were tasked with estimating the residual duration following interruption. A video showing only hand kinematic traces acted as a control condition. Residual duration estimates for out-group and control videos were significantly lower than those for in-group videos only for the longest duration. Moreover, stronger implicit racial bias was negatively correlated to estimates of residual duration for out-group videos. The underestimation bias for the out-group condition might be mediated by implicit embodiment, affective and attentional processes, and finalized to a rapid out-group categorization
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