0-1 Knapsack problem

Tato Bakalářská práce se zabývá problémem batohu 0-1 a přístupy hledajícími jeho optimální řešení. V práci je implementován v jazyce C++ algoritmus založený na metodě větví a mezí, dále algoritmus založený na metodě dynamického programování a metoda hrubé síly. Autor se v práci následně zabývá jejich paralelizací a vybrané paralelizace implementuje pomocí technologie OpenMP. Na závěr jsou změřeny a porovnány výpočetní časy těchto implementací a implementací konkurenčních na vybraných datových sadách.This thesis focuses on problem Knapsack 0-1 and approaches for searching exact solution. Choosed algorithms based on method branch and bounds, on method dynamic programming and brute force method are implemented in C++ language. After that author focuses on paralelization of that algorithms and implementation of paralelizations by OpenMP. Finally for authors implementations and for competitive implementations are measured and compared computational times on choosed data sets

River Basin Management in the Past and at Present and its Impact on Extreme Hydrological Events

River basin and small watercourse river basins should be seen as interdependent and interconnected elements and components. Activities within the river basin can affect water conditions in terms of quality and quantity. Nevertheless, river basin management has an impact on other areas, such as on the social or economic conditions

The change of bacterial spectrum after storage of X. Campestris pv. Campestris Inoculated Cabbage Heads (Brassica oleracea var. Capitata L.)

Changes in the bacterial spectrum of cabbage heads after storage under commonly used storage conditions were examined in this study. Cabbage seeds (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) were artificially inoculated with X. campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), a serious pathogen of cruciferous plants causing black rot. Isolation of bacterial cultures from Xcc-inoculated and non-inoculated cabbage heads were carried out in two time points-at the day of harvest and after four months of storage. According to our previous research and literature reports, the most frequent genera of bacteria were chosen for PCR testing, i.e., Bacillus cereus group, Bacillus subtilis group, Pseudomonas sp., and X. campestris pv. campestris. A few of the obtained bacterial cultures were negative for the four above-mentioned species. In those, other bacteria were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing. In both Xcc-inoculated and non-inoculated cabbage heads, changes of the bacterial spectrum over time were observed. The severity of Xcc infection of heads increased after four months of storage. Bacillus species represented the most frequently occurring bacterial genus. The presence of the Bacillus subtilis group increased significantly after storage in non-inoculated cabbage heads. The minor part of the other genera identified by sequencing in the first sampling were not detected in the stored cabbage heads. This was associated with a possible antagonistic behavior of Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp.O

Reduced graphene oxide-based nanometal-composite containing copper and silver nanoparticles protect tomato and pepper against Xanthomonas euvesicatoria infection

Xanthomonas euvesicatoria (Xe) is of the genera Xanthomonas, which causes a bacterial spot disease that affects tomato and pepper plants, resulting in significant economic losses. Commonly used bactericides lead to pathogen resistance, environmental contamination and a current risk to human health. Herein, a nanocomposite consisting of Cu and Ag loaded onto reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was synthesized, characterized and tested. After confirmation of the antibacterial properties in vitro, nanocomposites at concentrations of 50 and 500 µg mL MINUS SIGN 1 were applied to protect tomato and pepper plants under controlled greenhouse conditions. The tomato and pepper plants indicated significantly lower disease severity when treated with the nanocomposite (15.6 and 16.7%, respectively) than when treated with the commercial copper-based bactericide Kocide(R) 2000. The nanocomposite was demonstrated as a high-efficiency biocide and has the potential for crop disease management with no phytotoxic effect.O

Incidence of symptoms and fungal pathogens associated with grapevine trunk diseases in Czech vineyards: first example from a north-eastern European grape-growing region

Grapevine trunk diseases (GTD) are one of the most important constraints for grapevine and wine production worldwide. Most of the published studies on these diseases in Europe relate to the major vine growing regions mainly located in southern Europe. This is the first study of GTD incidence and associated fungal pathogens in Czech vineyards, as an example of the north-eastern European grape-growing region. Annual incidence of GTD symptoms in vineyards of cvs. ‘Chardonnay’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ in three Czech locations was surveyed. On average, 3.7% of the ‘Chardonnay’ plants showed GTD symptoms and 0.7% suddenly collapsed each year. Within the ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ vineyards, 10.1% of the plants showed GTD symptoms and 2.5% suddenly collapsed. Several fungal pathogens were associated with the suddenly collapsed grapevines, and the most frequent was Phaeomoniella chlamydospora (77% of analyzed grapevines), followed by Eutypa lata (62%), Diaporthe ampelina (31%), Botryosphaeria dothidea (15%) and Fomitiporia mediterranea (15%)

Digital literacy in Computer science

The subject of this diploma thesis is the investigation of digital literacy in the field of Informatics. The concepts of digital literacy, digital competence and the framework of digital competence are explained in the theoretical part. These frameworks, which are used to define and assess digital competences in more detail, are subsequently analysed, described, and compared with each other. Then, based on chosen sources, the digital literacy of current Czech teachers is described. Furthermore, the currently ongoing revision of school educational programmes for primary schools is described, which adds digital competence to the educational programmes for primary schools and replaces the educational field "Information and communication technology" with the new educational field "Informatics". At the end of the theoretical part, the available materials for the preparation of Informatics learning activities in accordance with the mentioned revision are analysed. In the practical part, fifteen learning activities are proposed for the lessons of the new Informatics for various classes of the second grade of primary schools. The activities are divided into the four categories mentioned in the revision: "Data, information and modelling", "Algorithmizing and programming", "Information systems" and "Digital...Předmětem této diplomové práce je zkoumání digitální gramotnosti v oboru Informatika. V teoretické části jsou vysvětleny pojmy digitální gramotnost, digitální kompetence a rámec digitálních kompetencí. Tyto rámce, které se používají pro podrobnější definování a hodnocení digitálních kompetencí, jsou následně analyzovány, popsány a navzájem porovnány. Poté je na základě vybraných zdrojů popsána digitální gramotnost současných českých pedagogů. Dále je popsána v současnosti probíhající revize rámcového vzdělávacího programu pro základní vzdělávání, jež do rámcového vzdělávacího programu přidává kompetenci digitální a vzdělávací obor "Informační a komunikační technologie" nahrazuje novým vzdělávacím oborem "Informatika". Závěrem teoretické části jsou analyzovány dostupné podklady pro přípravu výuky Informatiky v souladu se zmíněnou revizí. V praktické části je navrženo patnáct výukových aktivit do hodin nové Informatiky pro různé třídy druhého stupně základních škol. Aktivity jsou rozděleny do čtyř kategorií zmíněných v revizi: "Data, informace a modelování", "Algoritmizace a programování", "Informační systémy" a "Digitální technologie". V následující kapitole je popsán a zhodnocen průběh osmi vybraných aktivit, které byly realizovány v hodinách informatiky šesté a sedmé třídy a v hodinách volitelné...Katedra informačních technologií a technické výchovyFaculty of EducationPedagogická fakult

Využití bioaditiv v produkci bazalky (Ocimum basilicum)

This diploma work is focused on the use of bioadditives (products based on algae and bacteria) in the production of basil (Ocimum basilicum). In the literar rewiew, this bioadditives are described generally in terms of their material composition, effect and use in practise. The experimental part deals with a field experiment with basil, which took place in Lednice in the land of the Faculty of Horticulture, Mendel University in Brno in 2013. Basil was divided into 5 variants (4 + control). Individual variants were treated by Amalgerol Premium, EM -- farming Super aktiviert, Pro Milieu Terra and product from Rawat without trade name. The effect of these bioadditives on yield and nutritional parameters of basil were observed. Nutritional parameters were determined from fresh basil matter and from the dried matter. It was the total antioxidant capacity, content of phenols, flavonoids and dry matter. The results show that the application of these products has both positive and negative impact on the monitored parameters in basil. Yield parameters of these preparations were not significantly affected. The greatest effect has Amalgerol Premium and EM -- farming Super aktiviert on increase of total antioxidant capacity. EM -- farming variant was also found to increase total phenols and flavonoids

Effect of land use changes on water run-off from a small catchment in the Czech Republic

The changes in the landscape during past years were affected mainly by political and financial conditions in the agricultural sector as well as the future changes probably will be. For this study various scenarios of changes in land use in the small catchment caused by human activity were simulated. Several scenarios were focused on changes of agricultural area to urbanized landscape and also on industrial use of several plots. The aim of this study was to model and assess the impact of human-induced landscape changes on run-off from small catchments in the traditional agricultural area. It can be said, that more than the change of land use itself, changed management of these areas affects the water run-off more. The hypothetical transfer of significant part of the catchment area or the localities with infiltration vulnerable zones into urbanized paved space is the only exception. This change mainly affects the rate of discharge

Characterization and pathogenicity of Phaeoacremoniun species associated with Petri disease and esca of grapevines in Spain

Trabajo presentado en el 10th International Workshop on Grapevine Trunk Diseases, celebrado en Reims (Francia), del 4 al 7 de julio de 2017Peer reviewe

Monitoring the occurrence of bacteria in stored cabbage heads

Twenty-six cabbage heads stored under typical conditions in a storage hall in Moravia, Czech Republic, were tested for the presence of bacteria by the method of isolation from three different parts of the cabbage heads. Isolations were carried out from stalks, inner and superficial leaves. Two samplings were done; in November 2015 and February 2016. Bacterial cultures were sequenced in the part of 16S rRNA region; bacteria were identified according to the sequences obtained. The most prevalent bacteria were of the genus Pseudomonas. Genera: Klebsiella, Erwinia, Pantoea, Bacillus were also identified. The results provided an interesting insight into the bacterial spectrum in stored cabbage heads and their dynamics during storage. Th e nucleotide sequences which were found were saved in GenBank/NCBI under accession numbers KX160104-KX160145