COMPARATIVE STUDY ON HYDROLYTIC ENZYMES PRODUCED BY DIFFERENT MORPHOLOGICAL FORMS OF CANDIDA ALBICANS

In recent years, the incidence of fungal infections has been rising all over the world. The ability of Candida albicans to switch from yeast to hyphal growth is essential for its virulence. The aim of this comparative study was to biotype and characterize phospholipase, proteinase, phosphatase and haemolytic activities of yeast and hyphal forms of Candida albicans. The hyphal form of Candida albicans secrets high quantity of hydrolytic enzymes than yeast form, which helps in its virulence. These results suggest that pathogenic fungi produce larger amount of inducible hydrolytic enzymes than non-pathogenic fungi. In this investigation, plate methods were used to determine the phospholipase, proteinase and haemolytic activities and spectrophotometric method was employed for testing acid phosphatase activity

Малая автоматизация на ЦВМ "Урал-11Б"

Wireless communication technologies like GPRS, UMTS and WLAN, combined with the availability of high-end, affordable mobile devices enable the development of the advanced and innovative mobile services. Devices such as mobile phones and Personal Digital Assistants let the users access a wide range of new offerings whenever and wherever they happen to be. A strategic approach for the quality assurance of these mobile data services should take into account a number of characteristics unique to the mobile paradigm, the increased complexity of emerging handheld devices, the greater sensitivity to security and load related problems in wireless infrastructure and increased complexities of scale. This paper identifies the major factors influencing the development and testing strategies for these applications and accordingly elaborates effective quality assurance principles to ensure productive and scalable mobile data services

Information Technology Act 2000 in India - Authentication of E-Documents

The Information Technology Act 2000 has enacted in India on 9th June 2000. This Act has mentioned provision of authentication of electronic document. It is the need of hour at that time that such provision is needed in the Indian Law system, especially for electronic commerce and electronic governance. Electronic commerce”, which involve the use of alternatives to paper based methods of communication and storage information. To do electronic commerce there should be authentication of particular document. The working of internet is the documents are traveling in terms of bits from one destination to other destination, through various media like – Co-axial cable, fiber optic, satellite etc. While traveling this document there is probability of making changes in that document by any third party is high or some document may get changed due to noise/disturbance in communication media. This Act required to provide legal recognition carried out by means of electronic data interchange and other means of electronic communication

Experimental investigation on the susceptibility of minimal networks to a change in topology and number of oscillators

Understanding the global dynamical behaviour of a network of coupled oscillators has been a topic of immense research in many fields of science and engineering. Various factors govern the resulting dynamical behaviour of such networks, including the number of oscillators and their coupling schemes. Although these factors are seldom significant in large populations, a small change in them can drastically affect the global behaviour in small populations. In this paper, we perform an experimental investigation on the effect of these factors on the coupled behaviour of a minimal network of candle-flame oscillators. We observe that strongly coupled oscillators exhibit the global behaviour of in-phase synchrony and amplitude death, irrespective of the number and the topology of oscillators. However, when they are weakly coupled, their global behaviour exhibits the intermittent occurrence of multiple stable states in time. In addition to states of clustering, chimera, and weak chimera, we report the experimental discovery of partial amplitude death in a network of candle-flame oscillators. We also show that closed-loop networks tend to hold global synchronization for longer duration as compared to open-loop networks. We believe that our results would find application in real-life problems such as power grids, neuronal networks, and seizure dynamics.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, not submitted anywher

Utjecaj sadržaja lijeka i veličine aglomerata na tabletiranje i oslobađanje bromheksin hidroklorida iz aglomerata s talkom pripremljenih kristalokoaglomeracijom

The objective of the investigation was to study the effect of bromhexine hydrochloride (BXH) content and agglomerate size on mechanical, compressional and drug release properties of agglomerates prepared by crystallo-co-agglomeration (CCA). Studies on optimized batches of agglomerates (BXT1 and BXT2) prepared by CCA have showed adequate sphericity and strength required for efficient tabletting. Trend of strength reduction with a decrease in the size of agglomerates was noted for both batches, irrespective of drug loading. However, an increase in mean yield pressure (14.189 to 19.481) with an increase in size was observed for BXT2 having BXH-talc (1:15.7). Surprisingly, improvement in tensile strength was demonstrated by compacts prepared from BXT2, due to high BXH load, whereas BXT1, having a low amount of BXH (BXH-talc, 1:24), showed low tensile strength. Consequently, increased tensile strength was reflected in extended drug release from BXT2 compacts (Higuchi model, R2 = 0.9506 to 0.9981). Thus, it can be concluded that interparticulate bridges formed by BXH and agglomerate size affect their mechanical, compressional and drug release properties.Cilj rada bio je praćenje utjecaja sadržaja bromheksidin hidroklorida (BXH) i veličine aglomerata na mehanička svojstva, kompresivnost i oslobađanje ljekovite tvari iz aglomerata pripravljenih kristalokoaglomeracijom (CCA). Optimizirani pripravci aglomerata (BXT1 i BXT2) pripravljeni CCA metodom pokazuju adekvatnu sferičnost i čvrstoću potrebnu za učinkovito tabletiranje. U oba pripravka se smanjenjem veličine aglomerata smanjivala i čvrstoća, neovisno o količini ljekovite tvari. Međutim, povećanje prosječnog tlaka s povećanjem veličine čestica primijećeno je u pripravku BXT2 s omjerom BXH-talk 1:15,7. Iznenađuje da su kompakti pripravljeni iz BXT2, s visokim sadržajem BXH, imali veću vlačnu čvrstoću, dok su BXT1 s niskim sadržajem BXH (BXH-talk, 1:24) imali manju čvrstoću. Veća vlačna čvrstoća imala je za posljedicu produljeno oslobađanje ljekovite tvari iz BXT2 (Higuchijev model, R2 = 0,9506 do 0,9981). Može se zaključiti da mostovi među česticama BXH i veličina aglomerata utječu na njihova mehanička i kompresivna svojstva te na oslobađanje ljekovite tvari

Protein contain in Cyprinus carpio (Ham.) of experimental and control fishes due to administration of ovaprim, ovatide and pituitary gland extract at Fish Seed Production Centre, Paithan, Aurangabad, Maharashtra State, India

Protein contain is a cornerstone mechanism and form part and parcel of nutritive value in particular rely on season, food intake, breeding and spawning capacity. The protein contain in the fish body constitute as a firsthand source of energy for physiological functions incorporating reproduction. Present investigation display that variations in the protein is observed from the mature fishes of Indian major carps such as Cyprinus carpio comprises 20 to 50cm selected for the estimation of protein study considered as experimental and control fishes upon administration of PGE, ovaprim and ovatide synthetic hormonal doses to the male and female sex ratio separately. Protein in the liver of female major carps may be because of vitellogenin, a lipoprotein which is synthesized in the liver and is transported to the ovary (Wallace, 1985). Moreover, gonadal protein enhanced with maturation amongst these fishes. Protein estimation represents the variations throughout the study period amongst the muscle, gonad and liver. After hormonal injections are given then fishes are kept in the breeding pool at the Fish Seed Production Centres (FSPC) located near Paithan barrage. The protein is estimated upon satisfactory administration of hormonal doses Pituitary Gland Extract and by other two synthetic hormonal doses viz. Ovaprim and Ovatide. Study is conducted during 2013 to 2014

A Multi-featured Approach by Integrating Digital Hand and Dental X-Ray for Human Age Estimation

Traditionally, human bone age is estimated manually by inspecting the multiple body part X-ray images, which is extremely time-consuming and prone to error. The accuracy of the human estimate depends on the experience of the medical practitioner, and thus it suffers from intra- and inter-observer variability. Hence, efficient automatic approaches are required to determine human age with high accuracy. In this work, we propose a human age estimation technique using Deep Learning (DL) technique based on hand X-ray images combined with dental orthopantomographs (OPGs) is proposed. Here, the input X-ray image is pre-processed first using Non-Local Means (NLM) first, followed by Region of Interest (RoI) extraction. Later, color and position image augmentation are performed in order to balance the dataset. Thereafter, the salient features in the image are determined, and based on these features, human age estimation is carried out using the Deep Residual Network (DRN). Here, the DRN is trained using the Beluga whale lion optimization (BWLO) algorithm. Furthermore, the BWLO_DRN is examined for its superiority considering the model accuracy and is found to obtain value of 90.1% on hand-wrist and 89.9% OPG real time dataset, thus showing superior performance for hand-wrist images

Fisheries geographical information system for Greater Mumbai region in Maharashtra, India

Geographical information system (GIS) is an invaluable decision support tool, designed to address spatially related problems for management of natural resources. The power of GIS lies in its ability to visualise and relate various types of geo-referenced spatial and non-spatial data allowing users to analyse them. In India, use of GIS in fisheries management is yet to find its rightful place. An effort has been made in the present study to design and organise a fisheries spatial information system for Greater Mumbai region in Maharashtra to serve as a macro-level database for the planners and administrators, which can be used for querying, analysing and displaying datasets in the form of graphs and summarised tabular data for all the fisheries infrastructural facilities. This GIS will be of immense help to planners, managers and administrators in quick storing, retrieving and updating the required information for management of fisheries in Greater Mumbai region

Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Levocetirizine in albino rats

Background: Levocetirizine, the R-enantiomer of Cetirizine has pharmacokinetically and pharmacodynamically favourable characteristics, with rapid onset of action, high bioavailability, high affinity for and occupancy of the H1-receptor, limited distribution, minimal hepatic metabolism together with minimal side effects. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been used for many years for analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and more recently in the case of aspirin, antithrombotic purposes. Because of the significant side effect profiles of steroidal and NSAID medications, there is a greater interest in newer compounds such as antihistaminic drugs. This article will consider the potential or otherwise of the reported analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of levocetirizine to enhance its effectiveness in the treatment of allergic disease with pain.Methods: Albino Wistar rats of either sex weighing 150-250 grams were used. For both Analgesic activity and Anti-inflammatory activity, 4 groups consisting of 6 animals per group were used. Group I: Control: 1% Gum acacia. 2ml/kg, Group II: Standard drug: Diclofenac sodium 4.5mg/kg; Group III: Test Drug 1: Levocetirizine 1mg/kg; Group IV: Test Drugs 2: Levocetirizine 1mg/kg+Diclofenac sodium 4.5mg/kg. Drugs were administered orally. For analgesic activity, Tail clip method and Hot plate method was used. For acute anti-inflammatory activity Carrageenan induced rat paw oedema method was used.Results: Levocetirizine, is found to have significant analgesic activity in rats (1 mg/kg dose) alone and in combination with Diclofenac Sodium in Haffner’s Tail Clip method and Eddy’s Hot Plate Method. Levocetirizine also has got prominent anti-inflammatory activity in acute models evidenced by percentage inhibition of acute rat paw oedema.Conclusions: Levocetirizine possess analgesic and acute anti-inflammatory activity alone and in combination with Diclofenac sodium